This paper reports on the design and characterization of a CMOS based direct terahertz detector in an advanced 22nm FD-SOI technology. The nFET is implemented with on-chip ring antenna fully compliant technology density rules. At 0.855 THz, maximum optical responsivity minimum noise equivalent power (NEP) 1.51 kV/W 22.65 pW/HZ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> respectively were measured voltage mode readout at chopping...

Light-field (LF) refers to the spatio-directional light flow in space. In LF imaging, rays are recorded along different positions and directions, a 3-D scene is reconstructed with back-propagation [1]. Modern visible-light cameras assemble lens array atop megapixel (Mpx) count focal-plane (FPA), such that each (macro-pixel) provides spatial sampling while FPA pixels within (sub-pixels) provide angular [2]. Likewise, THz can allow real-time 3D see-through imaging for inspection screening...

There is a need to reduce the cost and size of functional terahertz devices, in order expedite this notoriously underutilized frequency band toward practical applications. Electronic integrated circuits (ICs) are extremely useful end, as they provide means achieve miniaturization mass production, leveraging foundries techniques that have made digital electronics ubiquitous. Although integration systems expected diminish performance functionality, increased number availability devices likely...

Integrated THz systems comprising index matched optical media introduce discontinuities in the propagation path leading to an etaloning effect. The hinders absolute accuracy of a measuring instrument thereby limiting its applicability. A methodology using computational notch filtering is implemented here extract true performance instrument. Specifically, responsivity and NEP portable room temperature 1k-pixel terahertz CMOS camera have been investigated continuously tunable broadband...

In this article, we present a comprehensive study to understand the image formation and associated resolution limitations of hyper-hemispherical high-resistivity floating-zone silicon (HRFZ-Si) lens-integrated terahertz (THz) cameras, extend understanding into THz super-resolution imaging applications. Along these lines, design tradeoffs between fixed field-of-view frequency-dependent angular such cameras are also discussed. The is based on investigations CMOS camera that made <b...

This article presents the concept of a lens-integrated CMOS camera-type terahertz (THz) compact antenna test range (CATR) to determine far-field characteristics transmitters (TX), including radiation pattern, directivity, half-power beam-width (HPBW), and power. For validation, frequency-dependent pattern 0.6-1.1 THz TX equipped with 23.7-28.2 dBi standard gain horn was measured using CATR. Directivity, HPBW, power have been extracted from CATR measurements. The first two parameters are...

We employ a lens-coupled CMOS terahertz camera to measure the dispersion of an inexpensive reflective diffraction grating. Thus, although was originally intended for imaging applications, we show that it can be re-purposed perform spectral analysis. Two different experiments determine content source under test are performed. These target separate frequency bands, and hence they must make use sources gratings. As such, demonstrate modular low-cost technique analysis in range.

In this paper, we discuss the design choices of CMOS THz cameras for achieving maximum angular resolution and high sensitivity over a large bandwidth. an active imaging set-up, spatial becomes function object magnification, determined by focal length collimating optic camera's resolution. The camera investigated experimentally here, under-samples its field-of-view incident frequencies above 0.578 due to 80-pm pixel pitch coupled with narrow beams. With help super-resolution imaging, reaches...

In this paper, a silicon lens-integrated CMOS THz camera is employed as compact antenna test range. The far-field radiation pattern of 26-dBi 0.852-THz standard gain horn source characterized. Both single-frame low-resolution and multi-frame super-resolution acquisition are performed. latter to measure with enhanced angular resolution. directivity the determined from both measured patterns. maximum in respective patterns 25 dBi 25.8 dBi, respectively, an accuracy 1 dB 0.2 dB. Improved due better

An array of terahertz sources in 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS has previously been developed to mitigate the well-known issue low available power from compact sources. However, device projects beams toward different, non-overlapping directions, rendering it unsuitable for use as a general-purpose illumination source. To address this issue, custom optics are employed incoherent combining, and subsequently utilized demonstration imaging.

In this paper, we investigate the multi-chip scaling of a previously developed incoherent 4×4-pixel 0.53-THz 1mW source array, implemented in 0.13-μ m SiGe BiCMOS technology. A standalone module under-samples illumination space due to large pixel pitch given by triple-push oscillator topology coupled with narrow beams. Therefore, present concept super-array configurations arranging multiple arrays, achieving an increased fill factor, radiated power, and wider aperture. Moreover, such can...

This paper presents a CMOS camera-type THz compact antenna test range (CATR) to facilitate convenient means measure far-field radiation patterns of transmitters (TXs). For concept validation, we measured the pattern 26-dBi 0.852-THz standard gain horn antenna-type TX with known characteristics CATR. With help geometrical multi-frame super-resolution imaging, directivity determination accuracy achieved at peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) 34.8 dB is 0.2 dB. Further, investigated...

Decoupling the desired spectral signal from scattering events and also sporadic signals background has been a challenge for fulfilling promise of real-time applications exhibited by present broadband terahertz devices. Performing imaging in conjunction with spectroscopy will circumvent this issue, thereby improving accuracy measurement. In work, spatial profiles widely used CW antenna coupled photomixer are experimentally investigated using well-calibrated 32×32 pixel CMOS camera broad...

The performance of terahertz (THz) dispersive spectroscopes is limited in spectral resolution and frequency accuracy due to a finite pixel count. This article demonstrates that increasing the synthetic effective count by exploiting super-resolution (SR) imaging results improved performance. To this end, we investigated CMOS camera-based THz spectroscope using SR imaging. From 0.75–0.9 THz, average from 76 GHz 34.2 (about factor two), while enhanced 30 1.65 GHz. Further providing accuracy,...

Abstract Arrays of terahertz (THz) sources provide a pathway to overcoming the radiation power limitations single sources. Several independent THz may be implemented in integrated circuit, thereby realizing monolithic source array high output power. Integrated must generally backside-coupled extended hemispherical dielectric lenses order suppress substrate modes and extract However, this lens also increases antenna gain produces several non-overlapping beams. This is because individual...

Silicon lenses are widely employed to turn a terahertz (THz) focal-plane array into THz camera. For the first time, we have identified type of radial distortion caused by such lenses. To this end, measured all single-pixel far-field radiation patterns 15-mm diameter 2.75-mm extended hemispherical silicon lens-integrated 32×32-pixel CMOS camera at 0.652 THz. From this, beam incidence angle grid has been generated, indicating barrel distortion. The is compared previously published closed-form...

For research, the development of a low-cost and lightweight spectroscopy system is interest. Spectroscopy investigation absorption emission electromagnetic waves by material, where resulting spectrum represents intensity wave as function frequency. In this article, we demonstrate performance simple principle THz spectroscopy, show that data analysis does not require complex signal processing or calibration. Combining CMOS camera with reflectarray enables spatial-spectral mapping incident...