In two experiments, we tested the hypotheses that (a) difference between liars and truth tellers will be greater when interviewees report their stories in reverse order than chronological order, (b) instructing to recall facilitate detecting deception. Experiment 1, 80 mock suspects told or lied about a staged event did not order. The interviews contained many more cues deceit control interviews. 2, 55 police officers watched selection of videotaped 1 made veracity judgements. Requesting...

The Cognitive Interview was tested in the field to enhance recollection of actual victims and witnesses crime. technique is based on laboratory-tested principles memory retrieval, knowledge representation, communication. Seven experienced detectives from Metro-Dade Police Department were trained use compared with 9 untrained detectives. Before after training, all tape-recorded interviews elicited 47% more information than before 63% did Overall collaboration rates (94%) extremely high...

Conducted 3 experiments in which the qualitative nature of memorial processing was manipulated at both input (encoding) and output (retrieval). A total 76 undergraduates participated. In line with previous studies, it found that for each type encoding, retention levels were highest when th

Introduction This article provides a meta‐analysis of new, cognitive approach to (non‐)verbal lie detection. detection consists three techniques: (1) imposing load, (2) encouraging interviewees say more, and (3) asking unexpected questions. Method A was carried out on studies using the approach, 14 which directly compared standard approach. Results The produced superior accuracy results in truth (67%), total (truth combined, 71%) traditional detection: 57%; 47%; 56%). Conclusions...

In Experiment 1, we examined whether three interview styles used by the police, accusatory, information-gathering and behaviour analysis, reveal verbal cues to deceit, measured with Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA) Reality Monitoring (RM) methods. A total of 120 mock suspects told truth or lied about a staged event were interviewed police officer employing one these styles. The results showed that accusatory interviews, which typically result in making short denials, contained fewest...

We hypothesised that the responses of pairs liars would correspond less with each other than truth tellers, but only when are given to unanticipated questions. Liars and tellers were interviewed individually about having had lunch together in a restaurant. The interviewer asked typical opening questions which we expected anticipate, followed by spatial and/or temporal information suspects not also request draw layout results supported hypothesis, based on correspondence questions, up 80%...

This research evaluated an innovative interview procedure, the cognitive interview, that was designed to aid eyewitnesses recall details of crimes. Experiment 1 conducted examine success in a nonstudent population. Fifty-one volunteers viewed police training films simulated violent crimes and were questioned individually interactive interviews 48 hr later by experienced law-enforcement personnel. The elicited significantly more correct information from subjects than did standard without...

Given the crucial role of eyewitness evidence, statements should be obtained as soon possible after an incident.This is not always achieved due to demands on police resources.Two studies trace development a new tool, Self-Administered Interview (SAI), designed elicit comprehensive initial statement.In Study 1, SAI participants reported more correct details than who provided free-recall account, and performed at same level given Cognitive Interview.In 2, viewed simulated crime half recorded...

Abstract We present two lie detection approaches based on cognitive theory. The first approach, ‘measuring load’, assumes that the mere act of lying generates observable signs load. This is traditional approach formulated by Zuckerman, DePaulo, & Rosenthal (1981). second ‘imposing was developed us (Vrij, Fisher, Mann, Leal, 2006) and goes one step further. Here, detector attempts to actively increase differences between truth telling introducing mentally taxing interventions. assume...

Deception research regarding insurance claims is rare but relevant given the financial loss in terms of fraud. In S tudy 1, a field study large multinational fraud detection company, truth telling mock claimants ( N = 19) and lying 21) were interviewed by company telephone operators. These operators classified correctly only 50% these truthful claimants, their task was particularly challenging: Claimants said little, deceptive statements did not differ quality (measured with Criteria‐Based...

Interviews are an important part of investigations, as the information obtained from interviewees generates leads and evidence. However, for several psychological reasons, even cooperative victims witnesses do not spontaneously report all they know, their accounts may incorporate errors. Furthermore, suspects often deliberately withhold or attempt to mislead interviewer. First, known factors promote complete accurate reports by victims. Such relate social dynamics between witness interviewer...

Background We examined the hypothesis that liars will report their activities strategically and will, if possible, avoid mentioning details can be verified by investigator. Method A total of 38 participants wrote a statement in which they told truth or lied about during recent 30‐minute period. Two coders counted frequency occurrence cannot verified. Results Liars, compared with tellers, included fewer an equal number statement, ratio between verifiable unverifiable was smaller tellers. High...

SUMMARY According to the verifiability approach, liars tend provide details that cannot be checked by investigator and awareness of this increases investigator's ability detect lies. In present experiment, we replicated previous findings in a more realistic paradigm examined vulnerability approach countermeasures. For purpose, collected written statements from 44 mock criminals (liars) 43 innocents (truth tellers), whereas half them were told before writing their will checked. Results showed...

Abstract In two experiments, we tested the hypotheses that (a) differences in nonverbal and verbal behaviour between liars truth tellers will be greater when interviewees are instructed to maintain eye contact with interviewer than no instruction is given, (b) instructing facilitate deception detection. Experiment 1, 80 mock suspects either told or lied about a staged event were not requested interviewer. The maintaining condition contained more cues deceit control condition. 2, 106...

Purpose. Most past research on detecting deception has relied the assumption that liars often fabricate a story to account for their whereabouts, whereas truth tellers simply recall an autobiographical memory. However, little examined whether liars, when free choose topic of own reports, will actually information rather than use different strategy constructing lies. We describe two studies evaluated liars’ strategies selecting content lies given freedom whatever they desired. Method. In...

Despite the importance of eyewitness information in criminal investigation, police receive inadequate training to interview cooperative witnesses. They make avoidable mistakes that minimize amount elicited and contribute inaccurate recollections. Interviewing techniq