A5018075510- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Aerospace and Aviation Technology
- Air Traffic Management and Optimization
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- UAV Applications and Optimization
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks
- Computational Physics and Python Applications
- 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
- Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
- Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
2015-2024
University of Nebraska System
2024
NOAA National Weather Service
2021
Purdue University West Lafayette
2004-2007
National Center for Supercomputing Applications
2007
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2004-2007
University of Illinois System
2004
Abstract Tornadoes are among nature’s most destructive forces. The violent, long-lived tornadoes form within supercell thunderstorms. ranked EF4 and EF5 on the Enhanced Fujita scale that exhibit long paths least common but damaging deadly type of tornado. In this article we describe an ultra-high-resolution (30-m gridpoint spacing) simulation a produces long-track tornado exhibits instantaneous near-surface storm-relative winds reaching as high 143 m s−1. computational framework enables work...
This paper discusses results of the CLOUD-MAP (Collaboration Leading Operational UAS Development for Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics) project dedicated to developing, fielding, evaluating integrated small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) enhanced atmospheric physics measurements. The team includes scientists, meteorologists, engineers, computer geographers, chemists necessary evaluate needs develop advanced sensing imaging, robust autonomous navigation, data communication, management...
ABSTRACT Because unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) offer new perspectives on the atmosphere, their use in atmospheric science is expanding rapidly. In support of this growth, International Society for Atmospheric Research Using Remotely-Piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) has been developed and convened annual meetings “flight weeks.” The 2018 flight week, dubbed Lower Profiling Studies at Elevation–A Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE), involved a 1-week deployment to Colorado’s San Luis Valley. Between 14 20...
Abstract This paper reports results from field deployments of the Tempest Unmanned Aircraft System, first its kind unmanned aircraft system designed to perform in situ sampling supercell thunderstorms, including those that produce tornadoes. A description critical components, consisting aircraft, ground support vehicles, communications network, and custom software, is given. The unique concept operations regulatory issues for this type highly nomadic dynamic are summarized, airspace...
The Collaborative Colorado–Nebraska Unmanned Aircraft System Experiment (CoCoNUE) was executed on 1 March and 30 September 2009. principal objective of this project to examine the feasibility using a small unmanned aircraft operating semi-autonomously with an onboard autopilot observe atmospheric phenomena within terrestrial boundary layer covered by United States National Airspace System. application system (UAS; along communications logistics infrastructure required for operation) is beset...
Abstract This paper presents the results of design and field deployment multiple autonomous fixed‐wing unmanned aircraft into supercell thunderstorms. As part a campaign in Spring 2019, up to three were deployed simultaneously different regions thunderstorms, To learn more about atmospheric conditions that lead formation tornadoes. Successful is attributed (a) nomadic concept operations allows system team science work seamlessly together while satisfying all aviation regulations (b)...
Abstract The boundary layer plays a critical role in regulating energy and moisture exchange between the surface free atmosphere. However, lower atmosphere (including shallow flow features horizontal gradients that influence local weather) are not sampled at time space scales needed to improve mesoscale analyses used drive short-term model predictions of impactful weather. These data gaps exasperated remote less developed parts world where relatively cheap observational capabilities could...
Abstract Initiation is the part of convective life cycle that currently least understood and well forecast. The inability to properly forecast timing and/or location deep convection initiation degrades skill, especially during warm season. To gain insight into what atmospheric parameters distinguish areas where storms initiate from they do not initiate, over 55 000 thunderstorm points central United States 2005 2007 are found a number thermodynamic kinematic computed 20-km Rapid Update Cycle...
Abstract Uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) observations collected during the 2018 Lower Atmospheric Process Studies at Elevation—a Remotely Piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE) field campaign were assimilated into a high-resolution configuration of Weather Research and Forecasting Model using an ensemble Kalman filter. The benefit UAS was assessed for terrain-driven (drainage upvalley) flow event that occurred within Colorado’s San Luis Valley (SLV) independent observations. analysis...
Abstract Small uncrewed aircraft systems (sUAS) are regularly being used to conduct atmospheric research and starting be as a data source for informing weather models through assimilation. However, only limited number of studies have been conducted evaluate the performance these assess their ability replicate measurements from more traditional sensors such radiosondes towers. In current work, we use collected in central Oklahoma over 2-week period offer insight into five different sUAS...
Abstract Numerical experiments are conducted using an idealized cloud-resolving model to explore the sensitivity of deep convective initiation (DCI) lapse rate active cloud-bearing layer [ACBL; atmospheric above level free convection (LFC)]. Clouds initiated a new technique that involves preexisting airmass boundary initialized such (unrealistic) adjustment state variables imposed is disassociated from simulation convection. Reference environments used in experiment suite have identical...
Abstract. Unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) offer innovative capabilities for providing new perspectives on the atmosphere, and therefore atmospheric scientists are rapidly expanding their use, particularly studying planetary boundary layer. In support of this expansion, from 14 to 20 July 2018 International Society Atmospheric Research using Remotely piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) hosted a community flight week, dubbed Lower Profiling Studies at Elevation – Remotely-piloted Team Experiment...
Abstract A lack of routine environmental observations located near deepening cumulus congestus clouds limits verification important theorized and simulated updraft–environment interaction processes occurring during deep convection initiation (CI). We analyze radiosonde profiles collected several hundred CI events a mountain range in central Argentina the CACTI field campaign. Statistical analyses illustrate conditions supporting radar-observed outcomes that span spectrum convective cell...
Traditional configurations for mounting Temperature-Humidity (TH) sensors on multirotor Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) often suffer from insufficient radiation shielding, exposure to mixed and turbulent air propellers, inconsistent aspiration while situated in the wake of UAS. Descent profiles using traditional methods are unreliable (when compared an ascent profile) due mixing by UAS descending into that flow field. Consequently, atmospheric boundary layer rely such bias-prone certain...
Understanding and predicting the dynamic behavior of our planet's environment over multiple spatial temporal scales remains an outstanding scientific challenge [1], [2]. More than 50 years investment advancements in remote weather-sensing systems (satellite-based as well ground-based radar) have resulted remarkable capabilities; however, these cannot deliver observations to meet current requirements for timeliness, positional precision, acquisition data that can only be obtained situ. Highly...
Abstract The Thunderstorm Observation by Radar (ThOR) algorithm is an objective and tunable Lagrangian approach to cataloging thunderstorms. ThOR uses observations from multiple sensors (principally multisite surveillance radar data cloud-to-ground lightning) along with established techniques for fusing identifying spatially coherent regions of reflectivity (clusters) that are subsequently tracked using a new tracking scheme. main innovation the that, operating offline, full record...
Abstract The objective of the research presented is to assess impact sensor response and aircraft airspeed on accuracy in situ observations collected by small unmanned systems profiling convective boundary layer or transecting airmass boundaries. Estimates are made using simulated flown within large-eddy simulations. Both instantaneous errors (differences between observed temperature, which include effects airspeed, actual temperature) representation serial representative snapshots...
ABSTRACT A first‐of‐its‐kind automated thunderstorm tracking algorithm that relies on radar reflectivity data and cloud‐to‐ground lighting is used to identify the spatiotemporal distribution of initiation over central United States for 2005–2007. Nearly 56 000 initiations are identified. High concentrations found near prominent topography Gulf coast. The annual exhibits a peak in August diurnal cycle at local solar noon with majority occurring between 2 h prior 6 past noon. While results...
Abstract The sensitivity of storm longevity to the pattern deep convection initiation (e.g., multiple, quasi-linearly arranged initial convective cells versus an isolated cell) is examined using idealized cloud-resolving simulations conducted with a low-shear environment. When multiple are initialized in close proximity one another either line thermals or shallow airmass boundary, long-lived storms produced. However, when initiated, resultant steadily decays following initiation. These...
We use unmanned aerial vehicles to interrogate the surface layer processes during a solar eclipse and gain comprehensive look at changes made atmospheric as result of rapid change insolation. Measurements structure by systems are connected measurements provide holistic view impact on near-surface behaviour, large-scale turbulent structures small-scale dynamics. Different regimes behaviour were identified, with most significant including formation stable just after totality evidence...
Abstract A suite of experiments conducted using a cloud-resolving model is examined to assess the role that preexisting airmass boundaries can play in regulating storm propagation. The 27 May 1997 central Texas tornadic event used guide these experiments. environment this was characterized by multiple boundaries, large CAPE, and weak vertical shear. Only with produce back-building propagation (storm motion opposition mean wind). When both cold front dryline are present, maintenance occurs...
This paper describes an energy-aware, airborne, dynamic data-driven application systems for persistent sensing in complex atmospheric conditions. The work combines i.) new onboard and remote real-time, wind capabilities; ii.) online models planning based on Gaussian processes data that assimilate Doppler radar data; iii.) a hierarchical guidance control framework with algorithms can adapt to environmental, sensing, computational resources. novel aspects of this include real-time synthesis...
Abstract The complex interactions between soil moisture and precipitation are difficult to observe, consequently there is a lack of consensus as the sign, strength, location these interactions. Inconsistency moisture–precipitation interaction studies can be attributed multitude factors, including difficulty demonstrating causal relationships, dataset differences, autocorrelation. purpose this study explore potential confounding factors determine which most important for consideration when...
Abstract Results are presented from an intercomparison of temperature, humidity, and wind velocity sensors the Tempest unmanned aircraft system (UAS) National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) mobile mesonet (NSSL-MM). Contemporaneous evaluation sensor performance was facilitated by mounting wing with attached to NSSL-MM instrument rack such that could collect observations within a nearly identical airstream. This complemented tunnel simulations designed evaluate impact vehicle on observed...