Abstract The aim of the present study was to specify involvement basal ganglia in motor response selection and inhibition. Two samples were studied. first sample consisted patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) who received deep-brain stimulation (DBS) subthalamic nucleus (STN). second DBS for treatment PD or essential tremor (ET) ventral intermediate thalamus (Vim). Stop-signal task go/no-go performances studied both groups. Both groups performed these tasks (on stimulation)...

Abstract Anticipation increases the efficiency of cognitive processes by partial advance activation neural substrate involved in those processes. In case perceptual anticipation, a slow cortical potential named Stimulus-Preceding Negativity (SPN) has been identified. The SPN observed preceding four types stimuli: (1) stimuli providing knowledge-of-results (KR) about past performance, (2) conveying an instruction future task, (3) probe against which outcome previous task to be matched, and...

The aim was to examine the effects of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) intervention on cardiovascular and cortisol activity during acute stress.Eighty-eight healthy community-dwelling individuals reporting elevated stress levels were randomly assigned MBSR protocol or waitlist control group. Before after period they participated in laboratory consisting mental arithmetic speech tasks. Laboratory measurements included continuous parameters (heart period, heart rate variability,...

Abstract Many researchers have used off‐line techniques for the automatic detection of electromyogram (EMG) onset. However, very little is known about accuracy these methods. In present study, five such methods are evaluated and their reported. Five subjects were asked to produce fast (ballistic) slow (ramp) contractions with thumb index finger right hand in a simple reaction time task. EMG was recorded from first dorsal interosseus muscle, onsets visually determined raw EMG. These compared...

AbstractBody postures provide clear signals about emotional expressions, but so far it is not what muscle patterns are associated with specific emotions. This study lays the groundwork for a Body Action Coding System by investigating combinations of muscles used bodily expressions and assessing whether these also automatically respond to perception behavior. Surface electromyography in arms (biceps triceps) shoulders (upper trapezius deltoids) were measured during both active expression...

We present a method to quantitatively and objectively compare algorithms for correction of eye movement artifacts in simulated ongoing electroencephalographic signal (EEG). A realistic model the human head is used, together with tracker data, generate data set which potentials ocular cerebral origin are simulated. This approach bypasses common problem brain-potential contaminated electro-oculographic signals (EOGs), when monitoring or simulating movements. The five different EEG electrode...

Research into the expression and perception of emotions has mostly focused on facial expressions. Recently, body postures have become increasingly important in research, but knowledge muscle activity during or emotion is lacking. The current study continues development a Body Action Coding System (BACS), which was initiated previous study, described involvement muscles neck, shoulders arms fear anger. expands BACS by assessing patterns three additional muscles. Surface electromyography neck...

Abstract. Electrophysiological and performance measures obtained in a study using the stop-signal paradigm ( Van Boxtel, der Molen, Jennings, & Brunia, 2001 ) were used to examine neural generators of error-related brain potentials. The task consists normal (choice) response trials, which occasionally have be stopped. However, stopping is not always successful. Erroneous responses stop signals carefully matched for motor activity trials. difference between error trials was accompanied at...

This study examined stopping and performance adjustments in four age groups (M ages: 8, 12, 21, 76 years). All participants performed on three tasks, a standard two-choice task the same which stop-signal trials were inserted requiring either suppression of response activated by choice stimulus (global stop task) or when one was presented but not other occurred (selective task). The results showed that global faster than selective all groups. Global matured more rapidly stopping....