A5075690626- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Forest ecology and management
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Forest Management and Policy
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Plant responses to water stress
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems
- Climate variability and models
- Seedling growth and survival studies
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- African Botany and Ecology Studies
- Plant Ecology and Soil Science
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Plant and soil sciences
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2020-2025
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
2018-2025
Los Alamos National Laboratory
2015-2022
United States Department of Energy
2018
Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières
2010-2015
Université de Lorraine
2012-2015
Ecologie fonctionnelle & biogéochimie des sols & des agro-systèmes
2012
Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement
2012
Abstract The importance of biodiversity in supporting ecosystem functioning is generally well accepted. However, most evidence comes from small‐scale studies, and scaling‐up patterns biodiversity–ecosystem (B‐EF) remains challenging, part because the environmental factors shaping B‐EF relations poorly understood. Using a forest research platform which 26 functions were measured along gradients tree species richness six regions across Europe, we investigated extent potential drivers context...
Significance In the context of climate change, expected drier and warmer environmental conditions will have drastic consequences on forest functions services may bring about important drought-induced die-off events. Biodiversity promotes ecosystem performance resistance to insect pests diseases, but whether or not diverse forests are also better adapted deal with drought stress remains unknown. Within our study network 160 stands across Europe, we found that mixed species less exposed in...
Many experiments have shown that local biodiversity loss impairs the ability of ecosystems to maintain multiple ecosystem functions at high levels (multifunctionality). In contrast, role in driving multifunctionality landscape scales remains unresolved. We used a comprehensive pan-European dataset, including 16 measured 209 forest plots across six European countries, and performed simulations investigate how plot-scale richness tree species (α-diversity) their turnover between (β-diversity)...
Abstract There is considerable evidence that biodiversity promotes multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality), thus ensuring the delivery of services important for human well-being. However, mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood, especially in natural ecosystems. We develop a novel approach to partition effects on multifunctionality into three and apply European forest data. show throughout Europe, tree diversity positively related with when moderate levels...
Summary The persistence of vegetation under climate change will depend on a plant's capacity to exploit water resources. We analyzed source dynamics in piñon pine and juniper trees subjected precipitation reduction, atmospheric warming, both simultaneously. Piñon exhibited different opposite shifts uptake depth response experimental stress background over 3 yr. During dry summer, responded warming with shift shallow sources, whereas reduction deeper sources autumn. In normal wet summers,...
Summary Model scenarios of climate change predict that warming and drought will occur simultaneously in the future many regions. The capacity woody species to modify their physiology morphology response environmental conditions is widely recognized, but little known about responses trees reduced precipitation increased temperature acting simultaneously. In a semi‐arid woodland, we assessed physiological (needle emergence, maximum photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency...
Abstract Stable isotope ratios of water (δ 18 O, δ 2 H) have long been used to study a core question in plant ecology and ecohydrology: ‘From where do plants take up water?’ Indeed, decades research has involved sampling potential sources the subsurface, classifying those as distinct endmembers (e.g. deep vs. shallow soil waters) then evaluating their contributions xylem sample through mixing‐model analysis identify depths root uptake. However, more detailed interrogations subsurface domains...
Disentangling the relative impacts of precipitation reduction and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) on plant water dynamics determining whether acclimation may influence these patterns in future is an important challenge. Here, we report sap flux density (FD ), stomatal conductance (Gs hydraulic conductivity (KL ) xylem anatomy piñon pine (Pinus edulis) juniper (Juniperus monosperma) trees subjected to five years reduction, atmospheric warming (elevated VPD) their combined effects. No occurred...
Summary Trees may survive prolonged droughts by shifting water uptake to reliable sources, but it is unknown if the dominant mechanism involves activating existing roots or growing new during drought, some combination of two. To gain mechanistic insights on this unknown, a dynamic root‐hydraulic modeling framework was developed that set up feedback between hydraulic controls over carbon allocation and role root growth soil–plant hydraulics. The model tested using 5 yr drought/heat field...
It has been known for a long time that drought intensity is critical variable in determining water stress of Mediterranean tree species. However, not as much attention paid to other characteristics, example the timing dry periods. We investigated impact and extreme droughts on growing season length, growth water-use efficiency three species, Pinus nigra ssp. Salzmannii J.F. Arnold, Quercus ilex ballota (Desf.) Samp. faginea Lam. coexisting continental ecosystem. Over study period (2009–13),...
Abstract Forest ecosystem functioning generally benefits from higher tree species richness, but variation within richness levels is typically large. This mostly due to the contrasting performances of communities with different compositions. Evidence‐based understanding composition effects on forest productivity, as well multiple other functions will enable managers focus selection that maximize functioning, rather than diversity per se. We used a dataset 30 measured in stands and six...
Summary Drought frequency and intensity are predicted to increase in many parts of the Northern Hemisphere effects such changes on forest growth tree mortality already evident regions around world. Mixed‐species forests increasing species diversity have been put forward as important risk reduction adaptation strategies face climate change. However, little is known about whether interactions that occur diverse will reduce drought susceptibility or water stress. In this study, we focused...
Predictions of warmer droughts causing increasing forest mortality are becoming abundant, yet few studies have investigated the mechanisms persistence. To examine resistance forests to droughts, we used a five-year precipitation reduction (∼45% removal), heat (+4 °C above ambient) and combined drought experiment in an isolated stand mature Pinus edulis-Juniperus monosperma. Despite severe experimental heating, no trees died, observed only minor evidence hydraulic failure or carbon...
Stomata regulate CO2 uptake for photosynthesis and water loss through transpiration. The approaches used to represent stomatal conductance (gs ) in models vary. In particular, current understanding of drivers the variation a key parameter those models, slope (i.e. measure intrinsic plant water-use-efficiency), is still limited, particularly tropics. Here we collected diurnal measurements leaf gas exchange potential (Ψleaf ), suite traits from upper canopy 15 tropical trees two contrasting...
Temperature (T) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) are important drivers of plant hydraulic conductivity, growth, mortality, ecosystem productivity, independently soil water availability. Our goal was to disentangle the effects T VPD on responses. Young trees Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus pubescens Willd. ilex L. were exposed a cross-combination manipulation under unlimited Stem conductivity leaf-level traits (e.g., gas exchange osmotic adjustment) tracked over full growing season. Significant...