The influence of high versus low hope on problem-solving ability and coping with stressful academic interpersonal situations was examined in 211 college students. Consistent Snyder's (1995) model, high-hope students were found to have greater abilities than low-hope High-hope also employ less disengagement strategies for situations. No difference the used by high- Separate hierarchical regression analyses indicated that an important predictor both life satisfaction independent activities....

Cultural differences were examined between 111 Asian American and Caucasian students matched on age sex in a prospective design study. Using separate optimism pessimism scores, Americans found to be more pessimistic than Americans. also use problem avoidance social withdrawal coping strategies When health outcomes assessed 6 weeks later, report depressive psychological symptoms, but not physical Results of regression analyses for each ethnic group indicated that along with different...

The Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised was used to examine the relations between problem-solving abilities and hopelessness, depression, suicidal risk in three different samples: undergraduate college students, general psychiatric inpatients, inpatients. A similar pattern of results found both students patients: a negative problem orientation most highly correlated with all criterion variables, followed by either positive or an avoidance style. Rational skills emerged as important...

This study assessed racial variations in how adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism relate to psychological functioning a sample of 150 Black White female college students. Comparative results indicated that women, as compared with reported less perfectionism, life satisfaction, greater stress, negative affect. Correlational for both groups, but not was associated stress. Accordingly, model which stress mediates the link between tested. Overall, path-analytic completely or partially mediated...

As the positive psychology movement gains momentum, both within and in broader culture, it becomes increasingly important to ensure that complexity of individual personality psychological processes do not get lost a "one-size-fits-all" approach improving human functioning. In this article, we consider some ways costs benefits different kinds optimism pessimism may vary across individuals, situations, cultural contexts. We use defensive research illustrate there are times when negative...

To clarify and extend Snyder's (1994, 2002) hope theory to a more diverse population, this study examined variations in agentic pathways thinking, their relations with social problem solving, affect, life satisfaction across college student sample of 46 European Americans, 30 African 33 Latinos, Asian Americans. Although comparative results indicated levels components the 4 racial/ethnic groups, correlational that manner which related measures behavior adjustment were similar groups....

The authors examined trait hope and hopelessness as potential moderators of the association between depressive symptoms suicidal behavior.A diverse sample 372 college students.Depressive symptoms, (Beck Hopelessness Scale), (Trait Hope behaviors were assessed. Trait is defined confidence in ability to identify attain goals, whereas encompasses future attitudes motivation loss.In independent models, low buffered behavior for our whole sample, blacks, whites, Hispanics whites. Examined...

The isolation to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can give rise anxiety, especially for lonely people who often feel upset without others' company. Although being isolated from others, still perceive other's support, which might lower their COVID-19 anxiety. To examine relationship among loneliness, perceived social and we measured 222 Chinese participants' (54.50% female, Mage = 31.53, SD 8.17) trait chronic anxiety before outbreak, state at peak decline...

A path model examining the influence of hope on appraisals, coping, and dysphoria was assessed in a sample 341 college students. Results indicated that had significant secondary appraisal coping. Moreover, contrast to Lazarus Folkman's (1984) view appraisals coping are sufficient predictors adjustment, also found be an important predictor independent influences These findings taken provide support for Snyder's (1994) theory predicting psychological adjustment.

This study attempted to address limitations in the understanding of optimism and pessimism among middle-aged adults. Specifically, a model affectivity as mediator link between outcome expectancies psychological adjustment (life satisfaction depressive symptoms) was presented examined sample 237 Consistent with mediation model, results path analyses indicated that (particularly former) had significant direct indirect links (by means positive negative affectivity) symptoms life satisfaction....

The relations between general perfectionistic tendencies as measured by R. O. Frost, P. Marten, C. Lahart, and Rosenblate's (1990) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), stress, psychological outcome were assessed among a sample of younger (M = 20.00 years; n 270) older adults 46.99 256). Results conducting series path analyses examining mediation model indicated that the influence perfectionism on measure positive (viz., life satisfaction) was fully mediated stress. In contrast,...

This study examined the relations between self-esteem, social problem-solving ability, and aggression in a sample of 205 college students. The Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised was used to measure five different dimensions ability (viz., positive problem orientation, negative rational solving, impulsivity/carelessness style, & avoidance style) Aggression Questionnaire four physical aggression, verbal anger, hostility). Self-esteem were measured at same time, whereas six seven weeks...

The relations among perfectionism, stress, subsequent psychological symptoms, and hopelessness were examined 215 college students. Hierarchical regression analyses conducted to determine whether dimensions of perfectionism (P. Hewitt & G. Flett, 1991) predicted symptoms (1 month later), the extent which stress scores added incremental validity these predictions. Results indicated that socially prescribed was a significant predictor both adjustment measures. In addition, accounted for amount...