Abstract. The paper highlights the increased international trade and discussion in recent years of digital currencies, also known as virtual currencies or cryptocurrencies, including bilateral coin bitcoin (BTC). Scholars have emphasised need to consider different preconditions, focusing primarily on domestic perspectives payment intermediation within individual countries. inclusion global is motivated by recognition that time playing an increasingly important role dynamics. presented...

The objectives of reforming sub-levels the public sector have historically been driven by will and need to amalgamate municipalities. reasons given for amal­gamating primarily size-efficiency capacity, as well quality quantity in services. This is shown, example, a recent study selected European countries where these are high importance with regard amalgamations 11 (Steiner et al., 2016). Baldersheim Rose (2010) described “the consolidationist argument”. basic argument that, due scale...

Í þessari grein er fjallað um þær áherslur, hugmyndir og aðgerðir sem miðað hafa að því efla sveitarstjórnarstigið á Íslandi, frá miðri 20. öldinni til dagsins í dag. Fjallað hugmyndir, greinaskrif, lagasetningar, átaksverkefni eflingu sveitarfélaga með fækkun þeirra stækkun annað telja má verið hluti af þeirri viðleitni Íslandi þessu tímabili. Jafnframt reynt meta hvernig þróun eflingar fellur greiningarramma ítalska stjórnmálafræðingsins Bruno Dente það ríki lögmæta ríkisvaldið laga...

Voter participation in Iceland (measured as voter turnout) was significantly lower the two most recent local government elections than ever before. In 2006 elections, turnout country dropped below 80 percent for first time since registration began (to 78.7 percent) and fell even further to 73.4 2010 elections. This article presents data on this drop seeks potential explanations it. One hypothesis is that a major factor, especially disillusionment wake of Iceland’s economic collapse 2008...

This article discusses the issue of what kind a region Vestnorden is. The need for such discussion arises from challenges posed by globalisation idea and construction West Nordic space, to observe how this regional unit counters these processes. is based on an analytical framework which presupposes that functional has consist four elements. First, whether space its own institutions decision making; second, far there economic complementarities among involved nations territories; third, degree...

Í þessari grein er fjallað um þær röksemdir sem notaðar hafa verið í umræðu það hvort sameina beri sveitarfélög á Íslandi sjötíu ára skeið. Greind eru rök bæði sameiningarsinna og þeirra lagst gegn sameiningum. Notast m.a. við skilgreiningar Dönsku stjórnmálafræðinganna Ulrik Kjær Poul Erik Mouritzen því hvað felist bolmagni (d. bæredygtighed) lýðræði samspil þessara þátta þegar rætt stærð sveitarfélaga. Það meginniðurstaðan greiningunni að tengjast hagkvæmni, skilvirkni bolmagni; a)...

This paper examines the change of interregional migration following municipal amalgamations. Interregional migrations are mostly triggered by differentials in household utilities, local economic conditions, amenities and like. Thus, it is reasonable to believe that if an amalgamation municipalities leads a better service or lower taxes community, would attract new inhabitants thus, increase net-migration - as suggested Tiebout (1956). A macro panel data set from Iceland was used represents...