Researchers and journalists have argued that work-related factors may be partly responsible for disproportionate COVID-19 infection death rates among vulnerable groups. We evaluate these issues by describing racial ethnic differences in the likelihood of exposure to COVID-19. extend previous studies considering 12 groups five types potential occupational virus: infection, physical proximity others, face-to-face discussions, interactions with external customers public, working indoors. Most...

The incidence of polygyny, its effect on fertility, and future in sub-Saharan Africa are discussed from results the World Fertility Surveys. Polygyny, marriage which husbands have more than 1 wife, is frequent most southern West western Central Africa. proportion men polygynous marriages ranged form 9% Lesotho to 48% Senegal. In Kenya Ivory Cast, wives unions average child less those monogamous unions. may decreased by separate residences, age differences, subfecundity some wives, possibly...

In this paper we explore the relation between changes in reproductive behavior, such as those that might result from an effective family planning program developing countries, and child maternal mortality. Specifically, use results recent multivariate studies to estimate mortality altering age, birth order, spacing distributions of live births. Our indicate if childbearing were confined "prime" ages 20-34, then infant rates would fall by about 5 percent. Limiting 20-39 may also reduce ratio...

This article reexamines an important and controversial issue relating to the effect of current economic conditions public health programs on trends in child mortality developing world. Several observers 1980s have suggested that there has been a major slowdown pace decline because living standards are not improving very rapidly more recently structural-adjustment policies designed cope with deteriorating conditions. The authors find little basis for conclusion slowed general. On other hand...

We assessed whether the few findings to date suggesting weak relationships between education and health-related variables among Hispanics are indicative of a more widespread pattern.

Abstract Researchers and journalists have argued that work-related factors may be partly responsible for disproportionate COVID-19 infection death rates among vulnerable groups. We evaluate these claims by examining racial ethnic differences in the likelihood of exposure to COVID-19. extend previous studies considering 12 groups five types potential occupational virus: infection, physical proximity others, face-to-face discussions, interactions with external customers public, working...

Approximately 5% to 6% of grandchildren and 10% grandparents live in grandparent-grandchild households at any point time. The proportion children living with appears have remained relatively stable over In this article, the authors critically review previous research on determinants grandparent care for grandchildren. This suggests that generally is precipitated by need or problems experienced parents. However, custodial (in which become sole caretakers) coresidence (three-generation...

We sought to determine whether the association between neighborhood characteristics and health differs for people with without a chronic condition.We analyzed data from 2536 adults Los Angeles Family Neighborhood Survey evaluated relationship presence of condition at individual level, socioeconomic status (SES), self-rated health. constructed multilevel models evaluate SES index conditions, after adjustment other characteristics.Having was associated substantially poorer among participants...

Estimates of the unmet need for family planning among currently married women in developing countries who want no more children vary widely within and between depending upon measure used to define that need. The authors examine implications 12 measures 18 3rd World participated Fertility Survey address differential demographic impact various measures. By simplest measure--the percentage are not using an effective contraceptive (pill IUD injection sterilization barrier methods)--unmet...