Abstract A large portion of the chemical subspace is multi‐component reaction (MCR). Apart from Domino reactions, MCR one most promising routes for one‐pot synthesis. Thus, derived product can be considered as a synthetic hub to vast diversity novel cyclic or acyclic compounds. Heterocyclic moiety such naphthyridines, quinolines, dihydropyridines (DHPs), quinazolines, pyrimidines, imidazoles, diazepines, and spiro‐heterocycles are widely recognized in clinical evaluation. Because their...

Introduction: Myopia, or nearsightedness, has been steadily increasing worldwide, particularly among school-aged children. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its shift to distance learning, significantly increased children's screen time while reducing outdoor activities. This raised concerns about accelerated myopia progression, as prolonged exposure and reduced natural light became common. Objective: To examine how online learning other environmental factors influenced the progression of during...

Background: A penetrating corneal injury is characterized by a full-thickness breach of the cornea. If not managed appropriately, it can lead to severe consequences such as blindness, loss eye, or phthisis bulbi. Potential complications include iris tissue prolapse, crystalline lens opacity, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal tears, and detachment. Prompt surgical intervention essential for enhancing visual outcomes maintaining ocular integrity. Objective: To evaluate clarity vision in individuals...

Abstract Organoboron compounds, especially alkenylboronates and arylboronates are highly useful reagents versatile building blocks in the modern synthetic chemistry toolbox. This review focuses on copper‐catalyzed routes to access alkenyl‐ arylboronate esters. Various copper salts ligands have been employed them excellent regio‐ stereoselectivity as well high yields. Both addition substitution reactions highlighted based various methodologies including hydroboration, carboboration,...

4-(2'-Bromoaryloxymethylene)-9-methyl-2,3,9-trihydrothiopyrano[2,3-b]indoles under tri-n-butyltin hydride mediated aryl radical cyclization furnished exclusively the 4-{2'-benzo(2',3'-dihydro)furo}-9-methyl-2,3,9-trihydrothiopyrano[2,3-b]indoles in excellent yield (75−80%) via 4-exo-trig cyclization, opening of oxetene ring, and 5-endo-trig cyclization.

Abstract Practical access to diversely functionalized carbazoles has been developed by consecutive Cu‐catalyzed Chan‐Lam N −arylation of various o ‐iodoanilines and boronic acids, Pd‐catalyzed intramolecular aryl C−H activation 2‐iodo‐ ‐arylanilines. Use 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) as base was found beneficial for both steps. In the step, DBU acts ligand well base, resulting in improved functional tolerance higher yields than those observed with inorganic or other nitrogen...

A novel, stereoselective synthesis of sterpuranes and coriolin via modulation the photochemical reactivity a tricyclic system having β,γ-enone chromophore, which was assembled intramolecular π4s + π2s cycloaddition 1-oxaspiro[2.5]octa-5,7-dien-4-ones, is presented.

Thieno[2,3- b]indoles can be synthesised in 70–80 % yield by the sulfoxide rearrangement of 2-(4′-aryloxybut-2′-ynylthio)-1-methylindoles. The substrates are prepared phase-transfer-catalysed alkylation 1-methylindoline-2-thione with 1-aryloxy-4-chlorobut-2-ynes.

Abstract magnified image Spirocyclic 4‐{3′‐benzo(2′,3′‐dihydro)furo}‐9‐methyl‐2,3,9‐trihydrothiopyrano[2,3‐ b ]indoles are regioselectively synthesized by treating suitable enol ethers, 4‐aryloxymethylene‐9‐methyl‐2,3,9‐trihydrothio‐pyrano[2,3‐ with H 2 SO 4 in dichloromethane‐methanol‐water. The substrates for the aforesaid reaction turn thio ‐Claisen rearrangement of 2‐(4′‐aryloxybut‐2′‐ynylthio)‐1‐methylindoles. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 46 , 62 (2009).

Hitherto unreported indole-annulated pentacyclic heterocycles containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur have been synthesised by thermal Claisen rearrangement followed Lewis acid catalysed rearrangement. 9-Acetyl-4-aryloxymethyl-2,9-dihydrothiopyrano[2,3- b]indoles are regioselectively in 80–85 % yield of 2-(4′-aryloxybut-2′-ynylthio)-1-acetylindoles. A second, catalysed, gave 7-acetyl-11c-methyl-4b,5,7,11c-tetrahydro[1]benzofuro[2′,3′: 4,5]thiopyrano[2,3- yields 85–90 %. The refluxing...

A modular, eight-step synthesis of bengamide E and six analogues from a common chiral pool has been developed. The key step in this approach is cross-metathesis coupling various commercial terminal olefins alkene bearing the required stereogenic centers bengamides lateral chain, which was easily derived α-d-glucoheptonic-γ-lactone. Complete E-selectivity, up to 92% yield were achieved for crucial step.

2-[(2-Bromobenzyl)sulfonyl]indoles under Bu3SnH-mediated aryl radical cyclization furnished exclusively the benzo[c]thiopyrano[2,3-b]indoles in 56–61% yields via 6-endo-trig whereas 2-[(2-bromobenzyl)sulfanyl]indole 3a gave only β-scission product.

Abstract Synthesis of 1,8‐naphthyridine‐annulated polyheterocycles containing oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur has been achieved by thionation sequential Claisen rearrangement 4‐(4′‐aryloxybut‐2′‐ynyloxy)‐1‐phenyl[1,8]‐naphthyridin‐2‐ones first heating in 1,2‐dichlorobenzene for 1–2 h then anhydrous AlCl3‐catalyzed dichloromethane 1 h.

A number of thieno[3,2-b]indoles have been regioselectively synthesized in 85-90% yield by the tandem cyclization 1-acetyl-3-(4-aryloxybut-2-ynylthio)indoles on treatment with one equivalent m- CPBA CH2Cl2 at rt for 1 h. 1-Acetyl-3-(4-aryloxybut-2-ynylthio)indoles were turn prepared from indole via (i) formation thiuronium salt (ii) then reacting 1-aryloxy-4-chlorobut-2-yne (iii) acetylation acetyl chloride under PTC condition. Keywords: Sulfoxide rearrangement, thieno[3,2-b]indole,...

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Abstract magnified image A number of new 4‐aryloxymethylene‐2,3,5‐trihydrothiopyrano[3,2‐ b ]indoles are regioselectively synthesized in 78‐84% yield by the thio ‐Claisen rearrangement 3‐(4′‐aryloxybut‐2′‐ynylthio)indoles. The endocyclic double bonded products isolated introducing electron withdrawing acetyl group at indole nitrogen and also can be converted to corresponding exocyclic isomers deacetylation subsequent heating.

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