Due to the non-uniform geographic distribution and time-varying characteristics of ground traffic request, how make full use limited beam resources serve users flexibly efficiently is a brand-new challenge for hopping satellite systems. The conventional greedy-based methods do not consider long-term reward, which difficult deal with demand. Meanwhile, heuristic algorithms such as genetic algorithm have slow convergence time, can achieve real-time scheduling. Furthermore, existing based on...

Due to the non-uniform distribution of ground traffic demand and high mobility non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellites, how make full use limited beam resources serve users flexibly efficiently is a brand-new challenge for NGSO communication systems. In order achieve efficient spectrum utilization, combination frequency multiplexing hopping major trend in future satellite However, conventional methods are mainly based on geostationary which do not take into account interference between...

Non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) constellations enabled by beam hopping (BH) technology are characterized wide coverage and high spectrum efficiency. However, how to efficiently schedule multi-satellite resources satisfy the heterogeneous uneven terrestrial traffic demands remains a huge challenge for satellite operators. This paper proposes satellite-terrestrial coordinated BH scheduling framework, where complex problem is formulated into long-term short-term subproblems. The subproblem...

Abstract Background Mixed agglutination is a serological pattern in some ambiguous ABO blood type identification. This study focused on the and molecular genetic characteristics of B3 phenotype induced by c.259G > T mutation gene. Study Design Methods Serological methods such as gel cards tubes were used to identify patient, with fluorescent PCR for genotyping Sanger sequencing analysing exons. Protein 3D Structure was simulated further analysed using SWISS‐MODLE PyMOL. Both wild‐type...

An examination of the observational record in Ross Sea over period 1982–1994 indicates that there is a statistically significant relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and ENSO signal tropical Pacific. During this SSTs lag by 2–4 months with highest correlation coefficient occurring 3 months. Observations ice concentration during also indicate relation cycle, reduced concentrations El Niño years.

This paper proposes a moving source localization method that combines TDOA, FDOA and doppler rate measurements. First, the observation equations are linearized by introducing nuisance variables an initial solution of all is acquired using weighted least squares method. Then, Taylor expression gradient applied to eliminate correlation between elements in obtain final estimation position velocity. The proposed achieves CRLB derived much more accurate than conventional TDOA/FDOA based In...

Non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellite communication system plays an important role in achieving seamless global coverage and addressing the digital divide. The uneven distribution of terrestrial users high mobility NGSO satellites put forward higher requirements for resource management. In this letter, we propose a multi-satellite beam hopping scheme based on load balancing interference avoidance, where complicated joint problem is decomposed into two sub-problems, namely satellite-cell...

Considering the estimation accuracy reduction of Frequency Difference Arrival (FDOA) caused by relative Doppler companding, a joint Time (TDOA), FDOA and differential rate method is proposed its Cramer-Rao low bound derived in this paper. Firstly, second-order ambiguity function utilized to reduce dimensionality estimate initial TDOA rate. Secondly, updated obtained using cross function, which companding compensated existing Thirdly, estimator. Theoretical analysis on variance shows that...

Triploid crucian carp is a new breed of aquaculture with rapid growth characteristics. However, its regulation mechanism has not yet been elucidated. In this study, our results show that the expression levels mTOR signaling pathway-related genes (AKT1, AKT2, AKT3, mTOR, 4E-BP1 and S6K1) are higher in muscle intestine tissues triploid than those diploid red carp. Embryos exhibit faster rate comparing to And effect stage, mRNA pathway related carp, except for AKT2. Inhibition activity...

In order to enhance the redundancy and reliability for distributed generation, a grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) generation system based on series-connected module integrated inverters (SC-MIIs) is proposed in this paper. system, each MII interfaced with PV panel independent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) harvest solar energy. The outputs of MIIs are at AC-line frequency connected series fulfill voltage requirement by utility grid. Since high step-up conversion conventional micro-inverter...

High-speed train (HST) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), as typical scenes of 5G communication, have attracted extensive attention from academia industry in recent years. Aiming at the channel characteristics frequency-selective fading, fast time-varying time-domain non-stationary high mobility scenarios, a nonlinear Kalman filter-based high-speed estimation algorithm for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is proposed. We adopt basis expansion model (BEM) to eliminate...

Personal navigation system(PNS) is mainly used for tracking and locating personnel walking real-time location which can be realized as underground exploration or indoor positioning when the GPS signal loses. MEMS inertial sensors are small size, low cost, power consuming, mass-production capability silicon-based sensors. Strap-down system achieve its autonomous capabilities by fixing sensor on user's shoes. Zero velocity updating (ZUPT) correct of algorithm. This paper proposes an adaptive...

GCN2-eIF2α signaling pathway plays crucial roles in cell growth,development, and protein synthesis. However, polyploid fish, the function of this is rarely understood. In study, genes associated with (pkr, pek, gcn2, eif2α) are founded lower expression levels triploid crucian carp (3nCC) muscle compared to that red (RCC). effect stage embryos 3nCC, mRNA generally than those RCC, excluding hri fgf21. Inhibiting gcn2 3nCC downregulates downstream gene (eif2α, atf4, fgf21), accelerating...

Considering the limited FDOA estimation performance for frequency-hopping signal, a coherent accumulation method is developed in this paper. The normalizes of every hopping pulse and then accumulates all these modified CAFs coherently. As result, it can enlarge accumulative time length improve resolution accuracy distinctly. Theoretical analysis simulation results finally show superior proposed accuracy.

A passive localization method of single satellite depending on the time arrival (TOA) pulse signals is put forward in this paper. On basis TOA, location an emitter earth can be estimated from sequence with two times difference TOA by grid searching case repetition interval (PRI) unknown. Likewise, Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) performance and Geometric Dilution Precision (GDOP) are derived measurement error radial position jointly taken into consideration. The simulations focus analyzing...

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) are used in numerous fields, but their vulnerability is a global problem that has yet to be solved. A promising way effectively address this by integrating into emerging dense nongeosynchronous orbit (NGSO) megaconstellations. To maximize the downlink efficiency for users, an integrated and communication (ISNAC) framework proposed work, which necessary number of packetized bursty signals directly purposes. Then, user terminal estimates time arrival...

Localization of radiant emitter is becoming a major aspect wireless technologies, with applications in logistics, surveillance, and emergency response. Single sensor passive localization for stationary addressed this paper. When transmit pulses, can obtain time arrival (TOA) even though the transmitted unknown as prior. In paper, we proposed novel algorithm using Second Difference Time Delay (SDTD) solve non-linear equations Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm. Simulations corroborate...

The passive localization using multiple sensors is considered for emitter transmitting pulse signals with unknown start transmission time and period. Time of arrival (TOA) a estimated at every sensor, it difficult to intercept all pulses during the observation in practice, as there maybe obstacle on line sight or signal too weak be detected, namely, incomplete measurements. In this paper, an algorithm based combination new second difference coherent delays (SDCTD) measurement traditional...

An efficient one-dimensional search solution is proposed for single-sensor emitter localization based on signal periodicity. By introducing an intermediate variable, this problem can be solved by solving a set of equations classic multi-sensor time difference arrival localization, whose algebraic solutions obtained the well-known two-stage weighted least squares (TSWLS) algorithm. In manner, two-dimensional or three-dimensional location replaced variable. Simulations indicate that, at...

Understanding the characteristics of Doppler frequency and rate is a first knowledge in designing Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver, which important choosing GNSS signal acquisition tracking strategies. However, there lacks work that comprehensively derives summarizes receiver under different scenarios literal, especially for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Medium (MEO) receivers. In this paper, analytical expression are derived ground stationary receivers, moving Center Fixed (ECEF)...

This research aims to identify the hub genes associated with senescence of triploid caudal fin cells. Transcriptomic data are obtained from high and low generation (P6, P60) crucian carp cells by high-throughput sequencing technology. Initially, all differential between generations screened, yielding 4140 significantly upregulated 3724 downregulated genes. Subsequently, an aging gene set containing 950 is downloaded CellAge database extract differentially expressed cell aging, totaling 29 GO...