Dual-band electrochromic (EC) materials are expected to be utilized as building for energy saving, but their cycle stability is still an obstacle. Here, two D-A conjugated polymers, PDPPCz36 and PDPPCz27, based on diketopyrrolopyrrole carbazole linked with different sites, synthesized. Both of them exhibit dual-band EC behaviors a dark blue color in the neutral state high absorption near-infrared (NIR) region when oxidized. However, exhibits better shorter response time than PDPPCz27. In...

We fabricated graphene-thermopolyurethane (G-TPU) flexible conductive film by a blending method and systematically investigated the electrical, thermal self-healing properties of G-TPU infrared light electricity. The experimental results demonstrate that composite films have good conductivity in appropriate mass content graphene film. electro-thermal response performances performance is closely related to film, but not. scratch on can be completely healed, using electricity or light. healing...

Based on the alternating direction implicit finite-difference time-domain (ADI-FDTD) algorithm, a higher order perfectly matched layer (HO-PML) is proposed to solve problems in three-dimensional computational domain. The scheme can not only take advantage of HO-PML for improving absorbing performance but also has ADI-FDTD algorithm terms unconditional stability. A dielectric resonator antenna example carried out validate its effectiveness. results show that Courant-Friedrich-Levy limit be...

Since nearly all studies concerning the approximate Crank-Nicolson perfectly matched layer (CN-PML) are limited to 2-D cases, a computationally efficient implementation that can be used truncate 3-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) lattices is presented in this article. More precisely, it based on CN direct-splitting (DS) scheme and bilinear transform (BT) method. This article fully exploit unconditional stability of standard CN-FDTD method free from Courant-Friedrich-Lewy (CFL) limit;...

In this experiment, the electrical performance of zinc oxide based-resistive random access memory (RRAM) is successfully improved by using annealing in ammonia hydroxide solution at low-temperature and high pressure to complete ammonium-doped ZnO based-RRAM. The results material analysis indicate that CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> as carrier during process leads reduction dangling bond density. This can be clearly...

Most terahertz (THz) radar systems can only work in the near-field region, because THz source power is limited and size of target scattered near field up to tens kilometers. Such conditions will result conventional range equation being unsuitable. Therefore, cross section (RCS) formula given according numerical simulation on different targets. By modifying parameters field, including gain antennas RCS targets, generalized proposed. The working efficiency whole model were employed validate...

Reading with a bit of yellowish or greenish paper, as compared to white is thought be more comfortable and friendly, can help decrease eye fatigue some degree. In this work, we try map the light different colors on given paper within region interest alter presented by consequently influence reading experience. We conducted an ergonomic experiment study comfort clarity under consistent illuminance levels. adopted 6 color series(red, yellow, green, cyan, blue, magenta), 5 chroma levels(0, 10,...

Based upon the approximate Crank-Nicolson (CN) algorithms and higher order (HO) concept, unconditionally stable perfectly matched layer (PML) implementations are proposed for electromagnetic problems in finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) lattice. The CN include direct-splitting (CNDS) approximate-factorization-splitting (CNAFS). schemes take advantage of terms eliminating Courant-Friedrichs-Levy stability condition maintaining computational accuracy. By introducing HO concept to PML...

Flexible conductive films were prepared via a convenient blending method with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as matrix and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) modified chemically reduced graphene oxide (RGO/NCC) the fillers. The relationships between electrical thermal properties well tensile strength electrothermal response performance of composite film mass content (RGO) initial TPU concentration systematically investigated. experimental results show that resistivity RGO/NCC 7 wt% an 20 is...

HfZrOx (HZO)-based materials have received much attention due to their special film characteristics in recent years. Ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) based on this HZO material also has promising potential as a next generation its non-volatile characteristics, excellent endurance, and low power consumption. Previous research mainly focused the properties of HZO-based FeRAM. However, an in-depth investigation electrical FeRAM is necessary better understand transporting mechanism. In...

An unconditionally stable and efficient higher order complex frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer (CFS-PML) based on the Crank-Nicolson-approximate-decoupling (CNAD) algorithm is proposed for truncating finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) computational domain filled with left-handed materials (LHMs). The CFS-PML implemented by bilinear transform (BT) approach LHMs are solved trapezoidal recursive convolution (TRC) method. A numerical example provided to validate effectiveness of...

This study investigates an improvement in memory characteristics through depositing In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> layer as oxygen ion reservoir the switching (SL) of resistive random access (RRAM). The deposition , denoted Pt/HfO /In /TiN device, provides better including lower forming voltage (V xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F</sub> ), set/reset...

By incorporating the complex envelope (CE) method and higher order concept, unconditionally stable perfectly matched layer (PML) is proposed based on Crank-Nicolson approximate-factorization-splitting (CNAFS) algorithm to simulate bandpass problems in finite-difference time-domain lattice. The has advantages of CNAFS algorithm, PML CE terms improving efficiency, enhancing absorbing performance, simulating problems. A patched antenna model carried investigate effectiveness efficiency.

An unconditionally stable implementation of the higher order complex frequency-shifted (CFS) perfectly matched layer (PML) is proposed for Crank–Nicolson-approximate-decoupling (CNAD) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme. The CFS-PML, which implemented by auxiliary differential equation (ADE) method, not only has better performance than first-order PML but also maintains unconditional stability origin Crank–Nicolson (CN) algorithm. unmagnetised plasma, can be expressed Drude medium...

This letter developed the high-performance GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for ultraviolet (UV) light emission at 385 nm with output power enhanced by up to 52% compared that of conventional UV-LEDs. The high-power-efficiency UV-LEDs include sidewall-passivated Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> dielectric nanoscale air voids, which were created using atomic...

In multi-dimension problems, huge sparse matrices must be calculated according to Crank-Nicolson (CN) procedure which results in degeneration of efficiency and accuracy. Based on the iterated CN procedure, domain decomposition method, an alternative scheme is proposed for termination unbounded uniform finite-difference time-domain domains. Meanwhile, absorbing boundary condition incorporated with higher order concept. The employs explicit during calculation rather than implicit one. Thus,...

Based on the alternating direction implicit (ADI) procedure, complex envelope (CE) method, and higher order (HO) concept, an unconditionally stable performance-enhanced convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML) is proposed to efficiently simulate bandpass electromagnetic (EM) devices signals in finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) lattice. Through numerical example, scheme shows advantages of ADI HO-CPML scheme, CE method terms absorbing performance, computational efficiency, EM simulation.

This study examines the influence of different electrode thermal conductivity on switching behavior during reset process. Electrical analysis methods and an current conduction mechanism indicate that better in will require larger input power order to induce more active oxygen ions take part More result a oxidized layer, cause effective gap (dsw) become The effect are explained by our model clarified electrical methods.

In order to analyze the scattering properties in multi-radiator problems, active radar cross section (ARCS) concept is proposed under complex electromagnetic (EM) environments. The corresponding calculation methods and formulation are by incorporating monostatic (RCS) with external disturbances. By introducing phase characteristics into ARCS concept, coherent problems can be accurately solved. Through analyzing disturbance waves employing finite element method, incoherent of simulated...

In this article, an n-type double-gate low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS) TFT is investigated. Previous work has confirmed that the hot-carrier effect will cause impact ionization. Here we observed that, after stress (HCS), transfer curve in saturation region a negative Vth shift, and hump also observed. The reverse output characteristic shows gate induced drain leakage (GIDL) of transistor gradually increases subthreshold swing (S.S.) tendency to collapse. structures with longer lightly...

According to the two-dimensional aperture principle, directivity and gain are expected be proportional area of an antenna or array. Our simulations measurements end-fire radiation array overturn this conventional wisdom. The is found much higher than that calculated by principle. We introduce a length component into principle propose three-dimensional A four-element designed measured verify correctness new opens pathway novel types utilization.