This paper describes the design, fabrication, integration, characterization, and demonstration of a novel flexible double-sided curvature sensor array for use in soft robotics. The explores performance potential applications piezoresistive consisting four gold strain gauges on polyimide (PI) substrate arranged Wheatstone bridge configuration. Multiple strips were like fingers hand. Integrating Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) foils alongside was explored to mimic human hand-gripping motion...

In this paper, a Lorentz force-based <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$XY$</tex></formula> positioning stage with stack of four electromagnetic linear motors in parallel configuration is presented. The overall design the consists mobile and fixed part separated using four-point contact technique. uniqueness proposed lies its light ability to perform variable strokes at short...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this paper, an electromagnetic actuator having four discrete positions is discussed. The principle, the modeling, and experimental device of are presented in study. This composed a mobile permanent magnet, fixed magnets, which ensure holding positions, two perpendicular wires to switch independently directions. part has each direction. An modeling been realized compute magnetic forces exerted...

In this paper, a digital actuators array composed of 25 elementary placed in 5 × matrix configuration is presented. The originality the actuator lies its ability to reach four discrete positions horizontal xy-plane. An analytical model presented and has been used design an experimental prototype. A control module proposed independently or simultaneously along two displacement axes. This based on strategy dedicated electrical circuit which reduces number channels needed array. position...

This paper presents a monolithic multistable micro-actuator based on antagonistic pre-shaped double beams. The designed is formed by two rows of bistable micro-actuators providing four stable positions. mechanism for each row pair has an easier pre-load operation compared to the pre-compressed beams method. Furthermore, it solves asymmetrical force output problem parallel At same time, geometrical limit lower than beams, which ensures smaller stroke with dimensions. fabricated using laser...

In this paper, a parallel-kinematics-based micropositioning system prototype driven with four electromagnetic motors is presented. The optimal design characteristics of the incorporate its long-range displacement capability submicrometer level positioning precision suitable for numerous microapplications. order to achieve compact micrometer component assembly tolerances, movable mechanical structure experimental has been microfabricated in silicon material using inductively coupled plasma...

The design of a fibre-optic sensor able to measure high-precision angular displacements is presented. has small size which allows easy integration in miniature mechanical systems. Two configurations are designed: lens-free configuration and GRIN micro-lens for the fixed on tip probe. experimental results obtained by displacement based compared with simulation modelling system good agreement found. Then, long-range measurement technique described. In 'lens-free configuration', limit...

Contactless energy transfer (CET) methods offer great flexibility in the design of complex micro-systems. This paper reports a laser based contactless and selective method. A compliant bistable micro-actuator (curved beam size 25 mm × 1.5 0.508 mm) is actuated between its two stable positions using heated shape memory alloy (SMA) active elements (size: 3 1 0.1 mm). The switching time actuator turns out to be 0.5 s for d0 equal 700 μm power 90 mW (d0 half total stroke length). also...

This paper presents a planar electromagnetic conveyor for microfactory. The uniqueness of the design lies in its arrangement overlapped two-dimensional mesh coils matrix configuration that enables to drive mobile part over long strokes. architecture includes fixed part, which consists 5 × has been fabricated on multilayer printed circuit board. An analytical model takes into account and friction effects developed. A prototype experimentally characterized open-loop control. Linear motions,...

Wireless and/or sensorless components offer a great potential for friendly integration in mechatronic systems. This paper presents wireless technique to actuate bistable curved beam using wavelength-selective shape-memory-alloy (SMA) thin foils. The SMA foil is irradiated remotely by continuous-mode laser diodes of 785 and 658 nm wavelengths. First, comparison between two numerical thermal models done. These obey the same conduction convection equations but effect phase transformation...

A critical component of the highly packaged and automated environment microfactory is its transportation system. It needs to be autonomous, flexible, precise and, crucially, easy integrate given compact dense nature microfactory. In this article, we present modeling experimental validation a digital actuator array used as stick-slip microconveyance This based on modular scalable design 2 ×2 matrix electromagnetic actuators working in open-loop collaboration perform planar conveyance tasks...

Spontaneous emission control around 490 nm for praseodymium ions implanted inside planar dielectric structures, such as microcavities, is investigated and compared with a theory. Using an Ar+ laser at 457.9 the pump beam, we demonstrate existence of optimal pumping angle. Furthermore, obtain enhanced directive radiation patterns wavelength which cavities are tuned (490 nm) underline very wavelength-dependent behavior patterns. In any case, good agreement obtained between experiment theory...

This paper describes the optimal design of a miniature fiber-optic linear displacement sensor. It is characterized by its ability to measure displacements along millimetric range with sub-micrometric resolution. The sensor consists triangular reflective grating and two probes. measurement principle presented. sensor's has been geometrically optimized considering step angle enhance optimization method revealed global optimum at which highest resolution obtained.

In this work, a closed loop control system is developed to optically localize and track micro-robots with high precision. These (i.e., micro-conveyors) are in motion simultaneously across smart surface.The method’s primary objectives optimize their trajectories, avoid collisions between them, position micrometric resolution. This article presents characterizes the tracking of single micro-conveyor, method works similarly when multiple move over surface. Our starts scanning phase, where 2D...

The use of shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators in smart structures is increasing significantly especially the field Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) due to their unique properties. In this work wavelength dependent remote power supply for SMA presented avoid electrical cables from working area structure and demonstrate selective addressing a high number micro-actuators placed small space. Low (∼100 mW) continuous mode laser diodes are used as sources. A thermal numerical model...

In this paper, the design, modeling, and characterization of a 1×4 optical fiber switch possibility to extend it an N×M array are presented. The proposed is based on four positions digital actuator where switching mobile part between discrete ensured using electromagnetic effect (Lorentz force). A holding in position without any energy consumption also magnetic effect. matrix first described. principle analytical model application as then Using model, prototype has been designed fabricated....

In this article, a new method to measure the friction coefficient based on an electromagnetic digital device is presented. First of all, principle and modelling are detailed. Using modelling, experimental prototype has been designed, manufactured, tested. Next, micro-tribometer one described. Finally, determine value from measurements presented, sensitivity studied.

In this paper, the design of a 5 × digital electromagnetic actuators array is presented. Each elementary actuator has four discrete positions with two orthogonal displacement axes. This work composed parts: first, defined using experience previous study and secondly, designed by taking into account magnetic interactions between actuators.

A high-precision planar digital electromagnetic actuator with two displacement directions and four discrete positions is presented in this paper. The are located at each corner of a square cavity where mobile permanent magnet moves thanks to Lorentz forces generated when driving current passes through orthogonal wires placed below the cavity. Four fixed magnets around order ensure magnetic holding position. An analytical model used characterize its properties (switching time, energy...

This paper presents a planar digital actuator based on hexagonal design. The is comprised of Mobile Permanent Magnet (MPM) surrounded by six Fixed Magnets (FPMs). originality the proposed lies in its ability to reach discrete positions xy-plane with different stroke sizes (along x-axis: 0.50 mm and 1.00 mm; along y-axis: 0.86 mm). An analytical model has been developed compute electromagnetic magnetic forces exerted MPM. Using this model, design parameters have selected. A prototype then...