Core Ideas We used CT‐derived parameters to explain solute, water, and air transport at field scale. CT matrix was found be the best parameter solute transport. Limiting macroporosity gave highest correlations with water Combining improved relationships of flow. The characterization soil pore space geometry is important for explaining fluxes air, solutes through understanding hydrogeochemical functions. X‐ray computed tomography (CT) can applied this characterization, in study were soil....

Preferential flow and transport in structured soils can be intimately linked to numerous environmental problems. Surface‐applied chemicals are susceptible rapid deeper depths structural soil pores, thereby potentially contaminating valuable resources posing risks public health. This study focused on establishing links between the pore space preferential using a combination of standard physical measurement methods for air water permeabilities, breakthrough experiments, X‐ray computed...

Watershed and pasture health is a transdisciplinary concern crucial to promoting sustainable practices. The aim of this study identify effective systems-level conservation management practices in longitudinal following 14 years consistent by i) teasing apart complex relationships between multivariate water soil quality using principal component analysis (PCA); ii) identifying interactions among variables that contribute most watershed within catchments partial least squares-path modeling...

Although both aboveground and belowground components of vegetation act together in reducing soil erosion, mainly the component has received attention past research. The aim this study was to evaluate contribution roots erosion control effect root density erodibility physical properties. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. Hugo) grown pans, laboratory rainfall simulation experiments were conducted after 4, 8, 12 weeks their growth with seeding 50 kg ha−1, 4 for 100 on a control. done...

Antibiotic resistance is increasingly recognized as a critical challenge affecting human, animal, and environmental health. Yet, dynamics transport of antibiotic genes (ARGs) microbial communities in karst non-karst leachate following poultry litter land applications are not well understood. This study investigates impacts broiler application on the proliferation ARGs (tetW, qnrS, ermB, sulI, blaCTX-M-32), class 1 integron (intI1 i), alterations (16S rRNA) within derived soils, which crucial...

Flow and transport of gases through soils are largely controlled by pore structural attributes. The quantification network characteristics is therefore essential for accurate prediction air permeability gas diffusivity. In this study, the seven different subjected to 22 mo field regeneration were quantified with X-ray computed tomography (CT) compared functional estimated from measurements Furthermore, predictive models diffusivity developed based on CT-derived parameters previously proposed...

Core Ideas The soil–water retention characteristics govern the water effect on soil vis‐NIR spectra. Soil clay, silt, sand content, and content at pF3 can be predicted with high degree of accuracy using spectroscopy any field moisture condition. OC derived properties showed poorer prediction when exceeds capacity (pF<2). physical are important drivers for functions productivity. Field applications near‐infrared (NIRS) already deployed in situ mapping therefore, fast precise measurements...

Limited knowledge and experimental data exist on pesticide leaching through partially frozen soil. The objective of this study was to better understand the complex processes freezing thawing effects these have water flow transport To achieve we conducted a soil column irrigation experiment quantify non-reactive tracer herbicide MCPA in In total 40 intact topsoil subsoil columns from two agricultural fields with contrasting types (silt loam) South-East Norway were used experiment. bromide...

Core Ideas Vis‐NIR can be used for estimation of soil physical and structural properties. Structural parameters are better predicted using vis‐NIR than pedotransfer functions. a fast reliable method predicting soils' transport behavior. Soil structure is key property affecting soil's flow X‐ray computed tomography (CT) increasingly to quantify structure. However, the availability, cost, time, skills required processing still limiting number soils studied. Visible near‐infrared (vis‐NIR)...

Deep-rooting cover crops (tap-rooted plants and grasses) are suggested to enhance soil properties when used as bio-subsoilers in compacted soils. However, there is limited knowledge the impact of on anisotropy pore system zones. The objective this study evaluate different bio-subsoiler species characteristics a sandy loam subsoil. experimental treatments consisted spring barley control chicory, lucerne tall fescue bio-subsoilers. samples were taken both vertical horizontal directions at...

Abstract The intensification of agricultural production to meet the growing demand for commodities is increasing use chemicals. ability soils transport dissolved chemicals depends on both soil’s texture and structure. Assessment (solutes) through performed using breakthrough curves (BTCs) where application a solute at one site its appearance over time another are recorded. Obtaining BTCs from laboratory studies extremely expensive time- labour-consuming. Visible–near-infrared (vis–NIR)...

Biochar applications to soils may enhance soil quality, hydrological properties, and agronomic productivity. Modification of biochar by activation via introduction heteroatoms at different pyrolysis conditions can alter physical chemical characteristics, which although the extent this is unknown. The objective study was investigate impacts temperature (400, 500, 600, 700 °C) on activated (activated with methanesulfonic acid) unactivated produced from poultry litter identify optimum...

Abstract Soil porosity estimated conventionally cannot provide the spatial distribution and geometrical properties of pore networks. This on‐farm study assessed impacts grassland–cropland conversion on soil characteristics. aimed to quantify microscale changes in pores near surface (0–10 cm) under grasslands converted croplands managed with a rotation corn ( Zea mays L.)–soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (CS); an integrated crop–livestock system (ICLS) corn–soybean–oats Avena sativa...

The gas transport parameters, diffusivity and air-filled porosity are crucial for soil aeration, microbial activity greenhouse emission, directly depend on structure. In this study, we analysed the effect of long-term tillage irrigation practices surface structure an arable in New Zealand. Our hypothesis was that topsoil would change under intensification production, affecting exchange. Intact cores were collected from plots intensive (IT) direct drill (DD), irrigated or rainfed. total, 32...

Preferential flow and transport through macropores affect plant water use efficiency enhance leaching of agrochemicals the colloids, thereby increasing risk for contamination groundwater resources. The effects soil compaction, expressed in terms bulk density (BD), organic carbon (OC) content on preferential were investigated using 150 undisturbed cores sampled from 15 × 15–m grids two field sites. Both fields had loamy textures, but one site significantly higher OC content. Leaching...

Water-dispersible soil colloids (WDC) act as carriers for sorbing chemicals in macroporous soils and hence constitute a significant risk the aquatic environment. The prediction of WDC readily available facilitated chemical transport is an unsolved challenge. This study identifies key parameters predictive indicators assessing field-scale variation WDC. Samples representing three measurement scales (1- to 2-mm aggregates, intact 100-cm rings, 6283 cm columns) were retrieved from topsoil...