The force-displacement response of a single duplex DNA molecule was measured. force saturates at plateau around 70 piconewtons, which ends when the has been stretched about 1.7 times its contour length. This behavior reveals highly cooperative transition to state here termed S-DNA. Addition an intercalator suppresses this transition. Molecular modeling process also yields and suggests structure for extended form. These results may shed light on biological processes involving extension open...

Cosolvent addition of glycerol (G) and the use cosolvent ethylene glycol (EG) increase conductivity poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene-sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films to values on order indium tin oxide conductivity. The underlying morphological changes are probed via scanning electron microscopy as well advanced scattering techniques microfocused grazing incidence small- wide-angle X-ray scattering. enhancement in is ascribed fundamental molecular reorientation within crystalline...

DNA solutions subjected to an electric field exhibit instability that leads segregation in aggregates tilted with regard the field. With use of epifluorescence videomicroscopy, evolution patterns capillaries as a function concentration, size, strength, and frequency was studied. The threshold for decreased when lowered or molecular weight concentration increased. Aggregation is attributed electrohydrodynamic triggered by dipole-dipole interaction. This phenomenon explains failure earlier...

A major shortcoming of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is their highly non-linear optical-power-versus-current characteristic. This non-linearity largely restricts the dynamic range and transmission power common optical wireless transmitters. restriction degrades performance communication (OWC) systems. In this paper, a novel transmitter concept for OWC proposed which employs discrete level stepping. The consists several on-off-switchable emitter groups. These groups are individually controlled...

Abstract A systematic study has been undertaken to prove or disprove the predictions of a revised reptation model, biased with fluctuations (BRF). Our data, which scan about two orders magnitude DNA sizes and electric fields, fourfold range gel concentrations, are in qualitative quantitative agreement model support applicability this theory electrophoresis. In particular, we show that mobility compression zone scales as first power field, limit separation inverse for low enough fields. ©...

The mobilities of oligomers phage lambda DNA and yeast chromosomes in agarose gels during field inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE) were measured at different pulse times electric fields. Also the ratios between forward backward and/or gradients varied. problem ‘band inversion’ FIGE, leading to an ambiguity mobility large fragments, was solved by using two dimensional with parameters first second dimension. results are compared those obtained other pulsed systems a theoretical model.

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars have been shown to improve target detection for surveillance applications thanks their proven high-performance properties. In this paper, the design, implementation, and results of a complete 3-D imaging frequency-modulated continuous-wave MIMO radar demonstrator are presented. The sensor working frequency range spans between 16 17 GHz, proposed solution is based on 24-transmitter 24-receiver architecture, implemented by time-division multiplexing...

We have studied the separation of single-stranded and double-stranded DNA in a matrix entangled, linear poly-N,N-dimethylacrylamide. Our results give better insight into mechanisms involved during separations polymer solutions. The dependence different parameters on size, electric field, pore size chain length are evaluated compared to theoretical predictions. Striking differences between experimental data predicted scaling laws found. should help optimize capillary electrophoresis improve...

We describe the construction and performance of a fully automated multicapillary electrophoresis system for analysis fluorescently labeled biomolecules. A special detection allows simultaneous spectral all 96 capillaries. The main features are true parallel without any moving parts, high robustness, full compatibility to existing protocols. device can process up 40 microtiter plates (96 384 well) human interference, which means 15 000 samples before it has be reloaded.

The electrophoretic separation of single-stranded and double-stranded DNA has been examined, using a matrix linear poly-N,N-dimethylacrylamide (pDMA). dependence peak spacing, width resolution on important parameters such as polymer concentration, chain length electric field strength, studied. This work complements our systematic study mobility under different conditions (C. Heller, Electrophoresis 1999, 20, 1962—1977), will help to further optimize improve high performance in capillary...

Abstract When investigating the use of different polymers for capillary electrophoresis we found that poly‐ N,N ‐dimethylacrylamide (pDMA) has a very low viscosity compared to other comparable molecular mass and resolving power. This makes it potentially useful matrix DNA separation in multi‐capillary electrophoresis, where short cycle times or pressure replacement are preferred. We have characterized this by systematic studies on concentration, chain length field strength dependence. It is...

This work is a continuation of earlier studies on the influence polymer concentration and composition capillary electrophoretic separation DNA. The focus dimensions electric field strength as factors influencing resolution. aim was to establish optimum conditions for single-stranded DNA in capillaries derive strategies construction micromachined devices.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModel and computer simulations of the motion DNA molecules during pulse field gel electrophoresisSteven B. Smith, Christoph Heller, Carlos BustamanteCite this: Biochemistry 1991, 30, 21, 5264–5274Publication Date (Print):May 28, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 28 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00235a021https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00235a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...

Abstract We have investigated the viscosity of different commercially available polymers in solution and found that dextran has a low compared to other comparable molecular weight resolving power. This makes it potentially useful matrix for DNA separation capillary electrophoresis, where either short time or pressure are preferred replacement. showed performs well oligonucleotides double‐stranded fragments. Together with well‐known application protein separation, this universal polymer...

We present a study aimed at understanding the factors affecting separation of large DNA molecules by capillary electrophoresis in polymer solutions. In first series experiments, systematic effect operational parameters on development an electrohydrodynamic instability resulting aggregation and spurious peaks electropherograms is presented. The results are discussed regard to recent theory instabilities macroion suspensions, recently proposed Isambert et al. Overall, provide strong support...

Abstract We have built an automated pulsed field capillary electrophoresis system on the basis of a commercially available device. Using entangled polymer solutions as separating matrix, we demonstrate considerable improvement separation double‐stranded DNA in range 1–50 kbp under conditions. The influence main parameters, i.e. pulse frequency and electric field, is studied results are compared to existing theories.

Metal poses a serious source of interference and loss performance for RFID systems. This paper presents novel antenna design transponder (tag) that enables long read/write range tags mounted on metal surfaces. The is constructed to exploit the deflection magnetic field operated by metallic surface, coupling it in coil oriented parallel with surface. criteria optimizing structure are based EM numerical simulations measurements several prototypes

The culture-independent and automated detection of bacteria in the environment is a scientific technological challenge. For alone, number sensitive methods are known (e.g., PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], fluorescent situ hybridization) but major problem remaining enrichment separation that usually occur at low concentrations. Here, we present an capturing system, which can easily be combined with one techniques. We have developed method for Legionella pneumophila liquid...