Abstract The theory of fibre diagrams as given by Polanyi and first applied to cellulose fibres Sisson Kratky enables one derive the orientation in a from intensity distribution diatropic interferences. Since these interferences are usually too weak X‐ray fibres, we must resort paratropic reflexions. present paper shows how reflexions be evaluated obtain factor f r rational measure average orientation. It is shown on experimental grounds that proximity A 4 interference does not invalidate...

Abstract If a long chain molecule in solution carries electric charges, the statistical coil is inflated, and average square of distance between ends larger than uncharged state. For number properties determining factor value ∑ k (r 2 )av, where r k'th link centre gravity. This quantity proportional to effective radius related by simple formula (section 2), provided small compared with length extended chain. In section 3 electrical free energy derived as function on assumption that no...

Abstract The extrapolation of the η sp / c versus curves for polyelectrolytes in dilute salt solutions is difficult because these show a sharp maximum at polymer concentration, , where equivalent concentration polyelectrolyte same order magnitude as that extraneous salt. A more reliable figure intrinsic viscosity can be obtained if effective ionic strength kept constant or nearly constant, which case becomes straight line. slope this line discussed § 8. viscosities are those pectinate and...

Using stopped flow light scattering, we show that assembly of fibrin following activation with non-rate-limiting amounts thrombin or reptilase occurs in two steps, which the first is end-to-end polymerization monomers to protofibrils and second lateral association fibers, agreement Ferry's original proposal. Polymerization found proceed as a bimolecular bifunctional monomers; overall rate varies inverse power concentration; monomers, monomer an oligomer, oligomers same constant. The value...

The structure and dynamics of the full unit cell a protein (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) containing 4 molecules 560 water have been simulated by using molecular method. obtained structure, atom positional fluctuations, factors are compared with x-ray values. A way calculating motional contributions to is proposed.

The geometrical factors governing light-scattering from rectangular and cylindrical cells are discussed. It is shown that the effect of refraction to introduce a factor n−2 in intensity measured those cases where receiver does not see past edges primary beam. This true irrespective whether cell or cylindrical.If beam, formulas for amount light received become more complicated.In connection with expressions derived, most preferable dimensions slits

From Boussinesq's work it is known that the frictional resistance of a particle in viscous, inert fluid, depends on its history. This plays an important part Brownian motion. The general theory fluctuations fluid dynamics leads to explicit expressions for autocorrelation function G(t) random force acting and φ(t) velocity. It demonstrated contains inertial term which velocity distribution liquid surrounding particle. results obtained lead correct value diffusivity.

The cellulose-tendering properties of anthraquinone-2,7-disulfonic acid disodium salt have been successfully applied to graft various vinyl monomers onto cellulosic materials. A cellophane (or cellulose derivative) film is suspended in a solution containing monomer, solvent, dye, and water irradiated with 100-w. AH-4 mercury-vapor lamp. photoexcited dye molecule abstracts hydrogen atom from the substrate. radical formed on backbone initiates polymerization polymer formed. grafted may be up...

A systematic search to explain the COO⁻ vibration band shift for zinc carboxylates formed in a work by van Gogh.

J. Hermans, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1947, 43, 591 DOI: 10.1039/TF9474300591

Abstract An approximate method is developed to calculate the velocity of a polymer molecule in centrifugal and an electric field. The model used porous sphere. hydrodynamic interaction between segments described by means Oseen's equations. It assumed that force acting on liquid has spherical symmetry flow derived from this may be replaced its average over surface. results calculation show approximation legitimate. For sedimentation equation obtained which similar Debye's though somewhat...

The general theory of the turbidity a mixture many components is applied to solution homologous polymers. It found that concentration dependence intimately related osmotic pressure. molecular weight distribution does not have any influence on turbidity.

(1938). XXXV. Charged colloid particles in an ultrasonic field. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine Journal of Science: Vol. 25, No. 168, pp. 426-438.

Abstract Ten series of model filaments with increasing orientation and swelling degrees ranging between 16 1.2 were prepared from three viscoses containing 4, 6, 10.5% cellulose. Their birefringence was measured their x‐ray diagrams taken quantitatively evaluated in order to determine the over‐all iiber substance that crystalline portion. It is shown a general relation exists crystallites entire fiber which same all fibers stretched swollen state. Once filament known, factor its crystallitee...

We identified the two-stranded fibrin protofibril and studied its structure in electron micrographs of negatively stained specimens. Based on these images considerations symmetry, we constructed a model which two strands trinodular molecules are related by two-fold screw axis between axes perpendicular to them. The held together staggered lateral contacts central nodules one strand outer other. within joined longitudinal nodules. This interpretation protofibrils is supported trimer complexes...

Abstract The interaction of xenon atoms with the interior myoglobin molecule has been simulated by molecular dynamics calculations. standard free energy binding computed from a simulation in which forcing potential was applied; and experimental values differ only 2 kJ/mole. In agreement evidence, simulations indicate that insertion first atom causes perturbation protein conformation facilitates one or more additional xenona.

Light-scattering intensities are reported of solutions containing bovine serum albumin (BSA = 2) and the polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG l), latter molecular weights 1,000, 7,500, 19,000, 100,000.With multicomponent light-scattering theory, low concentration limits thermodynamic interaction parameter, apz/acl, have been calculated from these results for three PEG samples lowest weight.The value apz/acl weight 1,000 is in reasonable agreeement with published equilibrium dialysis experiments...