A5002065590- Avian ecology and behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Marine animal studies overview
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Climate variability and models
- Marine and fisheries research
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Plant and animal studies
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
Carleton University
2012-2024
Environment and Climate Change Canada
2013-2024
Harvard University
1982-2017
University of Ottawa
1993-2014
University of Manitoba
2007-2013
University of Lethbridge
2012
National Wildlife Research Center
1991-2010
Wisconsin Disability Association
2009
University of Prince Edward Island
2002
Fisheries and Oceans Canada
2002
Group territorial behavior and cooperative breeding are now recognized as widespread phenomena among birds of warm-temperate, subtropical, tropical climates. Ecological factors which cause selection for group considered to be high adult survival saturation suitable habitat, modified by the demands different feeding strategies. Cooperative is viewed a consequence behavior, nonmathematical model presented predicts that maximum positive assistance nonbreeders reproductive success pair should...
1 We studied chick diet in a known-age, sexed population of long-lived seabird, the Brünnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia), over 15 years (N = 136; 1993–2007) and attached time–depth–temperature recorders to examine foraging behaviour multiple 36; 2004–07). 2 Adults showed specialization prey fed offspring, described by indices calculated years: 27% diversity was attributable among-individual variation (within-individual component total niche width 0·73); average similarity an individual's...
Flight is a key adaptive trait. Despite its advantages, flight has been lost in several groups of birds, notably among seabirds, where flightlessness evolved independently at least five lineages. One hypothesis for the loss seabirds that animals moving between different media face tradeoffs maximizing function one medium relative to other. In particular, biomechanical models energy costs during flying and diving suggest wing designed optimal performance should lead enormous when air. Costs...
Foraging behavior and physiological adaptations for diving were studied in Thick—billed Murrer, Uria lomiva, the field laboratory. Electronic, light—emitting diode, capillary recording devices used to measure foraging behavior. Individual dives a flattened U shape profile, occurred bouts lasting °15 min. Dive patterns nocturnal; most between 2000 0400. Murres probably concentrate their effort at times when prey is available as it migrates closer surface evening part of deep scattering layer....
Abstract Aim An understanding of the non‐breeding distribution and ecology migratory species is necessary for successful conservation. Many seabirds spend season far from land, information on their during this time very limited. The black‐legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla , a widespread numerous seabird in North Atlantic Pacific, but breeding populations throughout range have declined recently. To help understand reasons declines, we tracked adults colonies over using light‐based...
1 We compared the reproduction of a marine diving bird, Brunnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia), breeding at two Arctic colonies close to northern and southern limits species' range in Canadian Arctic. 2 At both colonies, timing for guillemots was positively correlated with summer ice cover, which determined by winter spring temperatures. Spring temperatures also modified effects conditions on breeding. 3 Coats Island, Hudson Bay, low waters, date egg-laying has advanced since 1981, simultaneous...
Breeding seabirds are extreme central-place foragers, commuting long distances between colonies and feeding areas. Central-place foraging theory predicts that prey items close to the colony will be preferred over distant from colony, which can lead depletion near ("Storer-Ashmole's halo"). To investigate relevance of these ideas a single-prey loader, we equipped chick-rearing Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) with time—depth recorders (1999–2007) monitored deliveries (1993–2008). Because...
Northern polar regions have warmed more than other parts of the globe potentially amplifying effects climate change on biological communities. Ice-free seasons are becoming longer in many areas, which has reduced time available to bears (Ursus maritimus) hunt for seals and hampered bears' ability meet their energetic demands. In this study, we examined use an ancillary prey resource, eggs colonial nesting birds, relation diminishing sea ice coverage a low latitude region Canadian Arctic....
Trends in the composition of nestling thick-billed murre diets were analyzed for period 1980-2002 on basis observations food delivered to nestlings at two breeding colonies northern Hudson Bay. The incidence arctic cod, sculpins, and benthic Zoarcidae decreased capelin sandlance increased over considered. Arctic cod fell from a mean 43% deliveries mid-1980s 15% late 1990s; species (zoarcids sculpins) 36% 15%, while 50% same period. July ice cover Bay approximately halved during 1981-99. We...
A seasonal decline in reproductive success is common to many birds breeding environments. We examined the of Thick—billed Murres at Coats Island, Northwest Territories, Canada assess extent which a could be accounted for by correlations between age and their date laying. In 1990 1991 declined with laying: this was due mainly proportion eggs that hatched. No corresponding found hatchlings reached fledging age. Pairs containing least one young (4— or 5—yr—old) bird laid later hatched lower...
Abstract. The breeding schedules of birds may not change at a rate sufficient to keep up with the current pace climate change, causing reduced reproductive success. This disruption synchrony is called “mismatch hypothesis.” We analyzed data on Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) colony in northern Hudson Bay, Canada, examine relative importance matched and mismatched timing determining growth rates nestlings. From 1988 2007 date break-up 50% clearance sea ice surrounding waters advanced by 17...
Abstract We found that synchronous fluctuations of two congeneric seabird species across the entire Arctic and sub‐Arctic regions were associated with changes in sea surface temperatures (SST) linked to climate shifts, 1977 again 1989. As SST shifts congruent at scale ocean basins, these occurred similarly continental or basin scale. Changes colony sizes examined for a decade following shifts. The magnitude shift was more important than its direction determining subsequent rate population...
Journal Article Adaptive Loss of Mass in Thick-Billed Murres Donald A. Croll, Croll Physiological Research Laboratory, Scripps Institution Oceanography A-004, La Jolla, CA 92093 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Anthony J. Gaston, Gaston Canadian Wildlife Service, National Centre, 100 Gamelin Blvd., Hull, Quebec, Canada KJA OH3 David G. Noble Department Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, The Condor, Volume 93, Issue 3, 1 August 1991, Pages...
The presence of sex-stereotyped behavior in monomorphic animals, where there are no sexual differences form to account for function, is often attributed intraspecific competition or differential parental investment. possibility that the use different behavioral strategies by each parent may increase reproductive success both partners through risk partitioning seldom considered. We studied thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia), male exclusively feeds offspring during late chick rearing. During...
Windscapes affect energy costs for flying animals, but animals can adjust their behavior to accommodate wind-induced costs. Theory predicts that should decrease air speed compensate increased tailwind and increase crosswind speed. In addition, are expected vary foraging effort in time space maximize efficiency across variable windscapes. We examined the influence of wind on seabird (thick-billed murre Uria lomvia black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla) behavior. Airspeed mechanical flight...