A5019335839- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Climate variability and models
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Hemiptera Insect Studies
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Aerospace and Aviation Technology
- Artistic and Creative Research
- Insect Pheromone Research and Control
- Aerodynamics and Acoustics in Jet Flows
- Maritime Navigation and Safety
University of Notre Dame
2018-2023
Rothamsted Research
2017-2020
University of Oklahoma
2014-2019
Radar (United States)
2015
Significance The annual appearance of massive mayfly swarms is a source public fascination and spectacular natural phenomenon that plays key role in regional food webs. Alarming reports insect declines motivate efforts to uncover long-term large-scale invertebrate population trends. Monitoring aquatic abundance across ecosystems continues be logistically infeasible, leaving the vulnerability these communities intensifying anthropogenic impacts unknown. We apply radar remote sensing quantify...
Nocturnal avian migration flyways remain an elusive concept, as we have largely lacked methods to map their full extent. We used the network of European weather radars investigate nocturnal bird movements at scale flyway. mapped main directions and showed intensity movement across part Europe by extracting biological information from 70 radar stations northern Scandinavia Portugal, during autumn season 2016. On average, over 20 nights all sites, 389 birds passed per 1 km transect hour. The...
Abstract C-FOG is a comprehensive bi-national project dealing with the formation, persistence, and dissipation (life cycle) of fog in coastal areas (coastal fog) controlled by land, marine, atmospheric processes. Given its inherent complexity, coastal-fog literature has mainly focused on case studies, there continuing need for research that integrates across processes (e.g., air–sea–land interactions, environmental flow, aerosol transport, chemistry), dynamics (two-phase flow turbulence),...
Abstract In fine warm weather, the daytime convective atmosphere over land areas is full of small migrant insects, among them serious pests (e.g. some species aphid), but also many beneficial natural enemies pests). For years intensive aerial trapping studies were only way determining density profiles these and for taxon-specific still necessary. However, if we wish to determine generic behavioural responses air movements shown by day-migrating insects as a whole , combination...
Abstract Bats play an important role in agroecology and are effective bioindicators of environmental conditions, but little is known about their fundamental migration ecology, much less how these systems responding to global change. Some the world's largest bat populations occur during summer south‐central United States, when millions pregnant females migrate from lower latitudes give birth communal maternity colonies. Despite a relatively large volume research into colonies, many questions...
Abstract This paper presents an overview of the Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment (LABLE), which included two measurement campaigns conducted at Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Southern Great Plains site in Oklahoma during 2012 and 2013. LABLE was as a collaborative effort between University (OU), National Severe Storms Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLNL), ARM program. can be considered unique that it designed multiphase, low-cost, multiagency collaboration....
Migratory animals are affected by various factors during their journeys, and the study of animal movement radars has been instrumental in revealing key influences environment on flying migrants. Radars enable simultaneous tracking many individuals almost all sizes within radar range day night, under low visibility conditions. We review how atmospheric conditions, geographic features human development affect behavior migrating insects birds as recorded radars. focus flight initiation...
Abstract In this study, power-law relations are developed between the intercept parameter N 0 of exponential particle size distribution and water content for rain, hail, graupel, snow hydrometeor categories within Milbrandt Yau microphysics scheme. Simulations 3 May 1999 Oklahoma tornadic supercell performed using diagnostic rain only alternately all four precipitating species, results compared with those from original fixed- single- double-moment versions Diagnosing is found to improve...
Bioacoustic localization of bird vocalizations provides unattended observations the location calling individuals in many field applications. While this technique has been successful monitoring terrestrial distributions birds, no published study applied these methods to migrating birds flight. The value nocturnal flight call recordings can increase with addition three-dimensional position retrievals, which be achieved adjustments existing techniques. Using time difference arrival method, we...
Abstract Climate change is drastically changing the timing of biological events across globe. Changes in phenology seasonal migrations between breeding and wintering grounds have been observed taxa, including birds, mammals, insects. For strong links shown changes migration weather conditions at wintering, stopover, areas. other animal current understanding of, evidence for, climate (change) influences on still remains rather limited, mainly due to lack long‐term datasets. Bracken Cave Texas...
Abstract The fate of migrating insects that encounter rainfall in flight is a critical consideration when modelling insect movement, but few field observations this common phenomenon have ever been collected due to the logistical challenges witnessing these encounters. Operational cloud radars deployed around world by meteorological agencies study precipitation physics, and as byproduct, provide rich database freely available researchers. Although considered unwanted ‘clutter’ meteorologists...
The use of radar as an observational tool in entomological studies has a long history, and ongoing advances operational networks radio-frequency technology hold promise for applications such aerial insect detection, identification quantification. Realizing this potential requires increasingly sophisticated characterizations radio-scattering signatures broad set taxa, including variability probing wavelength, polarization aspect angle. Although task traditionally been approached through...
Abstract Huge numbers of insects migrate over considerable distances in the stably-stratified night-time atmosphere with great consequences for ecological processes, biodiversity, ecosystem services and pest management. We used a combination meteorological radar lidar instrumentation at site Oklahoma, USA, to take new look general assistance migrants receive from both vertical horizontal airstreams during their long-distance flights. Movement nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) presents very...
Abstract Understanding momentum exchange at the air-sea interface is important for accurate hurricane predictions and understanding fundamental storm dynamics. One method estimating transfer in high winds flux-profile method, which infers surface fluxes corresponding drag coefficient from mean velocity profiles obtained either dropsondes or meteorological towers, under assumption that boundary-layer wind profile low altitudes exhibits a logarithmic with height. In this study, we use...
Abstract The exchange of enthalpy and momentum at the air‐sea interface is an important process in tropical cyclone (TC) development intensification, effects sea spray have long been uncertain, particularly high wind speeds. Here we use a coupled large‐eddy simulation Lagrangian cloud model to run high‐resolution simulations idealized, spray‐laden TC boundary layer. Simulations are performed with without generation, using realistic generation function over speeds relevant TCs. We show that C...
In the UK, severe infestations by Plutella xylostella occur sporadically and are due mainly to immigration of moths. The aim this study was develop a more detailed understanding phenology P. in UK investigate methods monitoring moth activity, with providing warnings growers. monitored using pheromone traps, counting immature stages on plants, accessing citizen science data (records sightings moths) from websites Twitter. likely origin migrant moths investigated analysing historical weather...
Abstract A sodar simulator capable of producing time series data emulating signals has been developed and tested. The atmospheric fields used to populate the are taken from output a large-eddy simulation code. characteristics (number zenith angle beams, beamwidth, transmit frequency, range resolution, etc.) defined by user allow emulation existing systems. reflected acoustic signal is calculated based upon temperature-dependent speed sound. Realistic background noise simulated using filtered...
Abstract Predicting the rapid intensification (>15.0 m s −1 increase in 10 wind speed over 24 h or less) of tropical cyclones (TC) remains a challenge broader context numerical weather prediction largely due to their multiscale dynamics. Ocean observations show that size and magnitude sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies associated with cold wakes ocean eddies play important roles TC In this study, combination spectral structure function analyses is utilized generate realistic...