Robust counterpart optimization techniques for linear and mixed integer problems are studied in this paper. Different uncertainty sets, including those literature (i.e., interval set; combined ellipsoidal polyhedral set) new ones adjustable box; pure ellipsoidal; polyhedral; interval, ellipsoidal, work their geometric relationship is discussed. For the left hand side, right objective function of problems, robust formulations induced by different sets derived. Numerical studies performed to...

With the proposal of carbon peak and neutrality policy, electric vehicle as a clean new energy transportation tool has attracted more attention. Battery swapping station (BSS) is an alternative method to charge vehicles (EVs). This paper summarizes development present situation battery analyzes distribution probability model EVs' arrival based on historical data electrical station, which approximately obeys Poisson distribution. The convergence accuracy traditional particle swarm...

An ultra-low quiescent current dual-mode buck converter system is designed for IoT application, which includes a double clock time (DCT) and pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control modes. The proposed DCT mode can reduce the conversion loss over wide loading range from nA-to-mA achieve seamless transition to PWM control. Implemented in 0.18μm CMOS, this achieves peak efficiency of 92.7%/94.7% DCT/PWM >80% 10 μ A 50 mA (5000x), with input voltage 2 V 5 V. 470 nA including bandgap reference...

In order to achieve better economic and environmental benefits of microgrids (MGs) under multiple uncertainties in renewable energy resources loads, a novel production scheduling method is proposed based on robust multi-objective optimization with minimax criterion. Firstly, mixed integer formulation developed capture as well minimize objectives. Secondly, the primal problem decomposed into bi-level problem, which attempts seek scheme set worst-case realization framework. Finally,...

The steel industry is facing problems such as serious environmental pollution and high resource consumption. At the same time, it lacks effective methods to quantify potential impacts. purpose of this work conduct a specific analysis steelmaking production in plants. ultimate goal discover main identify options for improving environment. This paper uses life cycle assessment method carry out inventory quantitative on impact system. Through analysis, hazards are divided into four major...

Abstract The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has led to research interest in the cooperative control multi‐prosumers a transactive (TE) paradigm. While existing literature shows that TE offers significant grid flexibility and economic benefits, few studies have addressed incorporation security constraints TE. Herein, market‐based mechanism real‐time markets is proposed economically coordinate among prosumers while ensuring secure system operation. Considering...

Magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transfer (MCR-WPT) technology plays an important role in promoting the development of electric vehicles. In order to meet demand dual-load synchronous supply for vehicles, a novel system based on fundamental wave channel and harmonic is designed. The circuit model established solved by Kirchhoff's law superposition theorem. By numerical methods, relationship between performance cross-coupling studied, variable σi introduced measure severity mutual...

Air handler unit (AHU) is considered as the main part of HVAC system consuming nearly half total energy. Airflow blockage and leakage has become a significant problem in AHU recently. This paper describes an electrical measurement based study mainly focuses on airflow fault detection estimation insufficient airflow. It proposes relatively simple fault-detection method induction machine diagnostic work. The fan torque speed are estimated order to get relationship between variation stator...

In order to eliminate the potential safety hazard that arises when metal foreign objects intervene in wireless charging area of electric vehicles, this paper proposes a object detection method be applied system vehicles based on optimal design array coil. Firstly, equivalent circuit model is established, then principle analyzed, and scale factor β introduced as optimization index Secondly, change with parameters analyzed appropriate are compared selected. Thirdly, basis planar square spiral...

This paper presents a new adaptive voltage drive approach for paralleled LED strings with linear current regulators. The employs pre-regulator an output which guarantees the proper operation of strings, also has protection method to avoid damage modules in some abnormal situations. Voltage drops across regulators are minimized achieve maximum efficiency. No feedback wire from regulator is required simplifies system design and lowers total cost.

Among many types of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology, Magnetically Coupled Resonance (MCRWPT) technology has been studied more and due to its stable transmission strong anti-interference ability. In this paper, the operating characteristics Dual-LCC MCRWPT system based on secondary side controlled rectifier are analyzed, variation current with D, phase relationship between input voltage resonant network, output load in depth. Through simulation analysis inverter MOSFET switching...

With the construction of new power system with energy as main body, large-scale distributed photovoltaic (PV) access to distribution network has caused serious problems such flow return and voltage out limit. Based on game theory NSGA-II algorithm, a two stage generation-grid-load-energy storage interactive optimization operation strategy promote PV consumption was proposed. Firstly, Dynamic loadability (DLDN) is defined endow demand response resources in time space characteristics. It...

In this paper, the synchronization stability of converter system based on phase-locked loop (PLL) is studied, especially when it connected to a weak AC grid. First, small signal model considered PLL, power control, current control and voltage feedforward (VFF) built. The open-loop transfer function can analyze but hides dynamic PLL. So conjugated circuit proposed, which describes dynamics PLL other part separately. Based Bode diagrams, we explore how grid impedance controller parameters...

Steam power system and production process are the important parts of industry. provides steam, electricity other energy it needs, relationship between them is very close. In order to obtain maximum benefit total plant, integrated optimization steam important. this paper, framework model established. An iterative method based on genetic algorithm proposed solve model. Simulation example shows effectiveness method.

As the integration of high-proportion renewable energy into grid increases, intermittency and uncertainty output significantly affect safe stable operation power system. Combining utility-scale storage technology with coordination is one methods to address these issues. Compressed air (CAES) has garnered extensive attention due its large capacity, long operational life, clean, low-carbon advantages. Given poor compressibility high critical point, using carbon dioxide as working fluid in...

Production continuity is an important process characteristic which receives significant attentions in actual refinery process. However, there hasn't been a sufficient and comprehensive expression of production literatures scheduling. The core this paper to deal with the scheduling optimization problem operations based on continuity. quantitative performance evaluation criterion given, formulated as generalized disjunctive programming (GDP) model relied discrete time representation. describes...

One of the most important factors that contribute to traffic accidents on expressway is low visibility, which may be caused by local or regional weather status such as agglomerate fog, rain, snow and sandstorm. A pre-warning system would great help prevent due visibility. Considering some problems existing system, limited monitoring area expensive cost, etc., a new kind visibility presented in this paper. The made up measuring nodes communications bus. At node there long-distance...