A5008494192- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Personality Traits and Psychology
- Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Gun Ownership and Violence Research
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
University of Michigan
2015-2024
Michigan Medicine
2024
BAE Systems (United States)
2024
Johns Hopkins University
2023
University of Pittsburgh
2023
University of Pennsylvania
2023
Rutgers Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights
2023
The University of Texas at Austin
2023
Rütgers (Germany)
2023
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
2023
A hierarchical biometric model is presented of the origins comorbidity among substance dependence, antisocial behavior, and a disinhibited personality style. The posits spectrum psychopathology, united by an externalizing factor linked to each phenotype within spectrum, as well specific factors that account for distinctions phenotypes spectrum. This fit self-report mother-report data from 1,048 male female 17-year-old twins. variance was mostly genetic, but both genetic environmental...
Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by impulsive antisocial deviance in the context of emotional and interpersonal detachment. A factor analysis subscales Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI) yielded evidence for 2 factors. One showed relations with external criteria mirroring those emotional-interpersonal facet psychopathy, including high dominance, low anxiety, venturesomeness. The other paralleling social positive correlations behavior substance abuse, negative...
Antisocial behavior and substance dependence disorders exact a heavy financial human cost on society. A better understanding of the mechanisms familial transmission for these "externalizing" is necessary to understand their etiology help develop intervention strategies.To determine extent which family externalizing due general vs disorder-specific vulnerability and, owing genetically informative nature our data, estimate heritable environmental effects.We used structural equation modeling...
In three samples consisting of community and undergraduate men women incarcerated men, we examined the criterion validity two distinct factors psychopathy embodied in Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI) as indexed by primary trait scales from Multidimensional Questionnaire (MPQ). Consistent with PPI themselves, MPQ-estimated PPI-I related negatively internalizing disorder symptoms fearfulness positively thrill adventure seeking, sociability, activity, narcissism. PPI-II was associated...
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease responsible for millions of deaths worldwide. Effective vaccines against COVID-19 are now available, however, an extreme form vaccine hesitancy known as anti-vax attitudes challenge acceptance and distribution efforts. To understand these their associated psychological characteristics, we examined several predictors generally. We surveyed 1004 adults (M = 47.0 years, SD 17.1 range 18–98 years) in September-October 2020 across...
Abstract The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a large, infrared space telescope that has recently started its science program which will enable breakthroughs in astrophysics and planetary science. Notably, JWST provide the very first observations of earliest luminous objects universe start new era exoplanet atmospheric characterization. This transformative enabled by 6.6 m passively cooled with 5 layer sunshield. primary mirror comprised 18 controllable, low areal density hexagonal...
Little research has examined genetic and environmental contributions to psychopathic personality traits. Additionally, no studies have etiological connections between traits the broad psychopathological domains of internalizing (mood anxiety) externalizing (antisocial behavior, substance abuse). The current study was designed fill these gaps in literature.
The relationship between altruism and antisocial behavior has received limited attention because tend to be studied discussed in distinct literatures. Our research bridges these literatures by focusing on three fundamental questions. First, are opposite ends of a single dimension, or can they coexist the same individual? Second, do have etiologies? Third, stem from aspects person's personality? findings indicate that uncorrelated tendencies stemming different sources. Whereas was linked...
Low negative emotionality (NEM) holds a central place in classic descriptions and seminal theories of psychopathy. However, the empirical link between low NEM psychopathy is weak. The authors posited that this inconsistency due to multifaceted nature both constructs suppressor effects facets relation criteria. sought delineate differential associations large sample male prisoners using Psychopathy Checklist--Revised (PCL-R; R. D. Hare, 2003) self-report measures assessing different aspects...
Using data from over 1,000 male and female twins participating in the Minnesota Twin Family Study, authors examined developmental change, gender differences, genetic environmental contributions to symptom levels of four externalizing disorders (adult antisocial behavior, alcohol dependence, nicotine drug dependence) ages 17 24.Both men women increased symptoms for each disorder, with increasing at a greater rate than women, such that modest gap age widened large one 24.Additionally,...
… as we know, there are known knowns; things know know.We also unknowns; that is to say some do not know.But unknown unknowns -the ones don't know.
The discriminant validity of the interpersonal-affective and social deviance traits psychopathy has been well documented. However, few studies have explored whether these follow distinct or comparable developmental paths. present study used Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (A. Tellegen, in press) to examine development psychopathic Fearless Dominance (i.e., interpersonal-affective) Impulsive Antisociality deviance) from late adolescence early adulthood a...
ABSTRACT We conducted a longitudinal‐biometric study examining stability and change in personality from ages 17 to 24 community sample of male female twins. Using Tellegen's (in press) Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ), facets Negative Emotionality (NEM) declined substantially at the mean individual levels, whereas Constraint (CON) increased over time. Furthermore, individuals late adolescence who were lowest on NEM highest CON remained most stable time, those exhibiting...
<h3>Context</h3> Studies of gene-environment interplay in the development psychiatric and substance use disorders are rapidly accumulating. However, few attempts have been made to integrate findings articulate general mechanisms influence emergence psychopathology. <h3>Objective</h3> To identify patterns between externalizing (antisocial behavior use) several environmental risk factors. <h3>Design</h3> We used quantitative genetic models examine how for changes as a function context....
Abstract Although personality disorders are best understood in the context of lifetime development, there is a paucity work examining their longitudinal trajectory. An understanding expected course and genetic environmental contributions to these necessary for detailed risk processes that lead manifestation. The current study examined heritability borderline disorder (BPD) over period 10 years starting adolescence (age 14) ending adulthood 24). In doing so, we built on existing research by...
Recent empirical investigations utilizing male prisoners have begun to validate clinical conceptualizations of primary and secondary psychopathy subtypes. We extended this literature by identifying similar psychopathic subtypes in female on the basis personality structure using model-based cluster analysis. Secondary psychopaths (n = 39) were characterized traits negative emotionality low behavioral constraint, an early onset antisocial criminal behavior, greater substance use abuse, more...
Background We hypothesized that gender differences in average levels on the internalizing and externalizing factors account for co-morbidity among common psychopathological syndromes both men women prevalence of specific syndromes. Method The latent structure 11 was examined a middle-aged (mean age=52.66 years, s.d .=5.82) sample 2992 (37% men) members community-based Minnesota Twin Registry (MTR) assessed using 10 scales Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) an adult...
To date, models of the structure psychopathy as assessed by Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) have taken a higher-order approach in which factors PCL-R are modeled correlated elements construct. Here, we propose an alternative structural model PCL-R, bifactor model, accounts for covariance among items terms general factor reflecting overlap across all items, and independent subfactors unique coherency particular groups items. We present examples how this can account diverging...
A dominant paradigm in psychopathology research proposes that individual differences personality are centrally involved the origins and manifestations of psychopathology, structural models have been extremely useful helping to organize associations among many traits disorders. However, these merely describe patterns covariation; they do not explain processes by which emerge. We argue field is stagnated, as it overly focused on demonstration concurrent confirming a spectrum model disorders...
Abstract Reduced P3 amplitude has been consistently linked to a spectrum of externalizing disorders. Utilizing data from large sample adolescent male twins ( N =1196), we used biometric modeling assess the genetic and environmental contributions association between reduced general vulnerability Externalizing was indexed by composite symptoms conduct disorder, adult antisocial behavior, alcohol, nicotine, drug dependence. The included two independent age cohorts, providing an internal...
We used a longitudinal twin design to examine the causal association between sexual, emotional, and physical abuse in childhood (before age 18) borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits at 24 using discordant biometric modeling. Additionally, we examined mediating moderating effects of symptoms externalizing internalizing disorders on link BPD traits. Although abuse, traits, were all correlated, analyses modeling showed little no evidence that was consistent with effect Instead, our...
<h3>Importance</h3> Twin-family studies have shown that parent-child resemblance on substance use disorders and antisocial behavior can be accounted for by the transmission of a general liability to spectrum externalizing disorders. Most studies, however, include only biological parents offspring, which confound genetic environmental effects. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine familial among both adoptive (genetically unrelated) relatives better distinguish mechanisms transmission....