The use of multispectral satellite imagery for water monitoring is a fast and cost-effective method that can benefit from the growing availability medium–high-resolution free remote sensing data. Since 1970s, has been exploited by adopting different techniques spectral indices. high number available sensors their differences in spatial characteristics led to proliferation outcomes depicts nice picture potential limitations each. This paper provides review applications extent delineation...

The characterization of stormwater runoff on urbanized surfaces by means comparison between experimental data and simulations is a strict requirement for sustainable management urban sewer systems. A monitoring campaign was carried out within residential area in Puglia (Southern Italy) order to collect evaluate quantity quality data. strong correlation observed COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) TSS (Total Suspended Solid) concentrations, whose values exceed water standards. used calibration Storm...

Flood extent delineation techniques have benefited from the increasing availability of remote sensing imagery, classification and introduction geomorphic descriptors derived Digital Elevation Models (DEM). On other hand, high-performing Machine Learning (ML) methods allowed for development accurate flood maps by integrating several predictor variables into supervised or unsupervised algorithms. Among others, Random Forest (RF) is a powerful widely applied ML classifier, providing predictions...

Protection of surface water quality plays a crucial role for sustainable urban watershed management since the wash-off from impervious contaminated surfaces generates transport phenomena range pollutants (like nutrients, such as total nitrogen (Ntot) and phosphorus (Ptot)). This leads to consequent reduction quality, phenomena, eutrophication presence algae blooms. For this reason, comprehensive understanding nutrient build-up is essential efficient stormwater treatment design. However, data...

Abstract The Two-Component Extreme Value (TCEV) distribution is traditionally known as the exact of extremes arising from Poissonian occurrence a mixture two exponential exceedances. In some regions, flood frequency affected by low-frequency (decadal) climate fluctuations resulting in wet and dry epochs. We extend approach to such regions show that TCEV arises annual maximum floods for occurrences (at least two) A case study using coastal basins Queensland New South Wales (Australia)...

The hydrological response of small basins remains complex and challenging  to quantify in an accurate way, particularly during extreme events such as floods well the context sustainable water resources management (Sellami et al., 2016). application models at basin scale offers a promising solution this challenge by providing valuable tools for management, enabling analysis past current conditions evaluation implications decisions imposed changes. In study, distributed model DREAM...

Abstract. In general, different mechanisms may be identified as responsible of runoff generation during ordinary events or extraordinary at the basin scale. a simplified scheme these represented by thresholds. this context, derived flood frequency model, based on effect partial contributing areas peak flow, proposed Iacobellis and Fiorentino (2000), was generalized providing new formulation distribution where two components are explicitly considered. The model tested group basins in Southern...

In the design of a water supply network, use traditional formulas peak factor may lead to over-dimensioning network pipelines, especially in small towns. This discrepancy is probably due changes human habits as consequence general improvement living conditions. Starting from these considerations, and given availability wide random sample data, an analysis demand for several towns Puglia was carried out, leading definition relationship between above mentioned number inhabitants, based on...

In the context of implementation sustainable water treatment technologies for soil pollution prevention, a methodology that try to overcome lack runoff quality data in Puglia (Southern Italy) is firstly tackled this paper. It provides tool obtain total suspended solid (TSS) pollutographs areas without availability monitoring campaigns. The proposed procedure based on relationship between rainfall characteristics and pollutant wash-off. particular, starting from evaluation observed regional...

A large karst area of South-Eastern Italy (Puglia) is characterized by endorheic basins, whose runoff does not discharge into the sea but converges toward internal lowlands and infiltrates or flows underground cave systems through swallow holes. In such environment whenever intense rainfall events cover areas intensity exceeds capacity sinks holes, significant volumes are produced stored on surface causing floods risks for people goods. Most these often at end small independent basins...

Urban stormwater runoff represents a significant challenge for the practical assessment of diffuse pollution sources on receiving water bodies. Given high dimensionality problem, main goal this study was comparison linear and non-linear machine learning (ML) methods to characterize urban nutrient from impervious surfaces. In particular, principal component analysis (PCA) technique self-organizing map (SOM) were chosen compared considering number successful applications in quality field. To...

Abstract. Understanding the spatial variability of key parameters flood probability distributions represents a strategy to provide insights on hydrologic similarity and building probabilistic models able reduce uncertainty in prediction ungauged basins. In this work, we exploited theoretically derived distribution floods model TCIF (Two Component Iacobellis Fiorentino model; Gioia et al., 2008), based two different threshold mechanisms associated ordinary extraordinary events. The is...

A comparison between superficial soil moisture content, m, values predicted by the DREAM hydrologic model and those retrieved from time-series of ALOS/PALSAR COSMO-SkyMed SAR data acquired in 2007 2010–2011 is presented. The area investigated part Celone at Ponte Foggia-S. Severo river basin, which a tributary Candelaro river, downstream S. Giusto Dam, Puglia (Southern Italy). Results show good agreement terms bias rmse modeled SAR-retrieved mv-values, open new opportunities for use...

Abstract This study aims at recognizing the mechanisms of mass transport between karst surface and saturated zone in a morphostructural relief Mesozoic carbonate platform Murgia (Puglia, Southern Italy). The large dimension aquifer, regional scale flow system, boundary condition constituted by sea, lack freshwater springs constrain to use wells as monitoring points limit area recharge comprising 986 endorheic basins. concentrations non‐reactive tracers (nitrates) waters autogenic (from...

This work investigates the routing effect provided by an artificial reservoir to a double-peak flood of given return period. The present paper introduces dimensionless form balance equation that describes hydrologic-hydraulic processes may occur and allows for evaluation coefficient (RC). Exploiting this equation, extensive sensitivity analysis based on use two simple parametric indices depend storage capacity (SC) reservoir, discharge (DC) spillway (with fixed-crest) hydrologic behavior...

Abstract. The need to fit time series characterized by the presence of a trend or change points has generated increased interest in investigation nonstationary probability distributions recent years. Considering that available hydrological can be recognized as observable part stochastic process with definite distribution, two main topics tackled this context: first is related definition an objective criterion for choosing whether stationary hypothesis adopted, whereas second regards effects...

Abstract Catchment‐scale hydrological models encountered dichotomies with the numerical hydrodynamic when describing surface routing process. We propose a new modeling framework, so‐called “Runoff‐On‐Grid” approach, for embedding distributed process‐based into shallow water models, as an alternative to traditional Fully Hydrodynamic Approach (also known Rain‐On‐Grid). Antecedent Soil Moisture, subsurface dynamics, and other topsoil processes are implicitly integrated in governing equations...

Abstract. A regional probabilistic model for the estimation of medium-high return period flood quantiles is presented. The based on use theoretically derived probability distributions annual maximum peaks (DDF). general called TCIF (Two-Component IF model) and encompasses two different threshold mechanisms associated with ordinary extraordinary events, respectively. Based at-site calibration this 33 gauged sites in Southern Italy, a analysis performed obtaining satisfactory results periods...

The vegetation space-time variability during 1999-2010 in the North of Apulian region (Southern Italy) was analysed using SPOT VEGETATION (VGT) sensor data. Three bands (RED, NIR and SWIR) were used to implement index named reduced simple ratio (RSR) derive leaf area (LAI). monthly average LAI is an indicator biomass canopy cover, while difference between annual maximum minimum turnover. distribution at catchment scale over examined period detect consistency dynamics study area. A diffuse...

Abstract. The analysis of runoff thresholds and, more in general, the identification main mechanisms generation controlling flood frequency distribution is investigated, by means theoretically derived distributions, framework regional analysis. Two nested theoretically-derived distributions are fitted to annual maximum series recorded several basins Southern Italy. Results exploited order investigate heterogeneities and homogeneities obtain useful information for improving available methods...

In the present paper, an analytical work for description of soil water balance and runoff production was adopted over a significant number river basins belonging to humid region Southern Italy. The model is based on stochastic differential equation, where spatial heterogeneity basin incorporated by parabolic function describing distribution storage capacity at scale. provides probability density (PDF) relative saturation as well PDF daily production. proposed includes five parameters that...