Exposure to airborne particulates is estimated as the largest cause of premature human mortality worldwide and particular concern in sub-Saharan Africa where emissions are high data lacking. Particulate matter (PM) contains several toxic organic species including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) nitrated PAHs (NPAHs). This study provides first characterization source identification for PM10- PM2.5-bound NPAHs during a three-month period that spanned dry wet seasons at three locations...

Abstract. As a result of different types disturbance, forests are mixture stands at stages ecological succession. Successional stage is likely to influence forest productivity and carbon storage, linking the degree disturbance global cycle climate. Although tropical montane an important part ecosystems (ca. 8 %, elevation > 1000 m a.s.l.), there still significant knowledge gaps regarding dynamics stocks these forests, how differ between early (ES) late successional (LS) stages. This study...

Leaf morphological traits vary along climate gradients, but it is currently unclear to what extent this results from acclimation rather than adaptation. Knowing so important for predicting the functioning of long-lived organisms, such as trees, in a rapidly changing climate. We investigated leaf warming responses 18 tropical tree species with early (ES) abd late (LS) successional strategies, planted at three sites an elevation gradient 2400 m a.s.l. (15.2 °C mean temperature) 1300 (20.6...

Traditional ecological knowledge is an integrated part of the African people and indeed Rwandese for cultural purpose. Buhanga sacred forest a relict tremendous importance to Rwandan society located in Musanze District. The aim this study was assess traditional belief utilisation some important plant species conservation forest. Ecological information about ethnomedicinal practices were collected following structured questionnaire through interview involving eight healers three focus group...

Microsatellites, nucleotide sequences, and flow cytometry were used to determine if two sympatricAfrican peat mosses (Sphagnum ×planifolium S. ×slooveri) had a history of inter-subgeneric hybridization assess their phylogenetic relationship. Both species previously not been considered be hybrids. Sphagnum ×slooveri was found gametophytically allodiploid. Its maternal parent recurvum (or closely related species) subg. Cuspidata its paternal an unidentified from the africanum complex...

Pteridium aquilinum acts as an important ecological filters in dominated communities. A study to investigate the effects of its dominance vegetation Nyungwe was conducted. Sampling done Mubuga and Uwajerome mountains. total 53 alternate plots measuring 10 m × were sampled along a transect at regular interval m. In each plot, species identified cover abundance measured subjectively. Plant strategies, succession, biological forms, distribution conservation status also determined. Data on...

Division of Ecological and Earth Sciences, MAB Programme, UNESCO, Paris Cedex, FranceThe central African country Rwanda is part theAlbertine rift system — an important centre ofAfrican biodiversity. The includes largetracts intact montane tropical forest, as well assignificant areas savannah alpine vegetation.This vegetational diversity, coupled with the topo-graphical complexity country, suggests thatbryological diversity should also be high.In his checklist sub-Saharan mosses, O’Shea(2006)...

The escalating extreme weather conditions has forced rural farmers in Africa to rely disproportionately on Indigenous Fruit Trees (IFTs) sustain their household food/nutrition security, employment and income generation. This paper analysed farmers’ use of IFTs cope with climate variability selected Lake Victoria Basin Districts Uganda. Data were collected from using questionnaires, key informant interviews focus group discussions. From 13 most preferred IFTs, was the popular highly ranked...

Abstract. As a result of different types disturbance, forests are mixture stands at stages ecological succession. Successional stage is likely to influence forest productivity and carbon storage, linking the degree disturbance global cycle climate. Although tropical montane an important part ecosystems (c. 8 %, elevation > 1000 m a.s.l.), there still significant knowledge gaps regarding dynamics stocks these forests, how differ between early (ES) late successional (LS) stages. This study...

Abstract An accidental fire that affected vegetation across an elevational gradient on the eastern slope of Mount Muhabura in Volcanoes National Park (Rwanda) provided a unique opportunity to compare richness, diversity, composition and distribution plant taxa burned unburned Afromontane habitats 1 9 years after fire. Although richness local α‐diversity were comparable, community differed with former having lower cover woody perennials higher herbaceous annuals. We confirm role shaping...

The agriculture sector in Rwanda put much consideration into maize farming on which the acceleration sustainable and rural development is being based, as has a high yield compared to other historically produced grains. It relatively easy conserve, serves significant source of income for farmers. However, there still poor storage monitoring approach, leads loss considerable amount every year. To effectively maintain overcome grain damage, this research proposes an IoT-based system composed...

Premise Paleontologists use tooth form to assess diets of fossil mammals. Plants would also be expected adapt their morphology respond herbivory. Fossil nettle leaves with definitive stinging trichomes (tribe Urticeae, family Urticaceae) are described from the early Eocene upland lacustrine floras Okanogan Highlands, British Columbia, Canada. This is first report in record. Their occurrence western North America at a time major large herbivorous mammal radiation suggests they acted, as do...

Garcinia buchananii Baker (Family,Cluciaceae/Guttiferae) is an underutilized indigenous fruit tree that produces edible fruits are used as both food and medicine in tropical Africa. This study evaluated the physical chemical characteristics of G. collected from Uganda Rwanda. Ripe were harvested during their peak seasons Masaka Bugesera Districts Rwanda, respectively. The analyzed for including; weight, size (that length width), number seeds per fruit, seed dimensions(length, width breadth);...

The data presented in this article describe plant traits (ecological strategy, succession, biological form, distribution and conservation status), cover-abundance scores of individualized communities after the application Multivariate Statistical Package (MVSP) software coverage percentage species which compose areas sampled from Nyungwe forest. Taxonomic diversity indices (Shannon, Evenness Richness) were also calculated included dataset. observed can support evaluation Pteridium invasion...

Table S1.Biomass and tree turnover properties of all plots.Breast height diameter (D) are measured or calculated from measurements above any stem irregularities.Height (H) was on 930 trees to obtain coefficients calculate H (presented here) D trees.No stems, basal area (BA), mean D, (H), biomass production (prod) were based data > 5 cm BH .Big 40 D. Stem eq. 3 four different combinations species specific (Spec.)and generic (Gen.)H vs relationships wood densities ().Mortality recruitment...