Marten Winter
A5001868290- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Plant and animal studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Biological Control of Invasive Species
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Environmental Conservation and Management
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research
2016-2025
Leipzig University
2016-2023
Ecological Society of America
2017-2019
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2017-2019
Hudson Institute
2019
United States Geological Survey
2017
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
2008-2016
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
2016
Zoological Society of London
2014
Stellenbosch University
2014
Abstract Although research on human-mediated exchanges of species has substantially intensified during the last centuries, we know surprisingly little about temporal dynamics alien accumulations across regions and taxa. Using a novel database 45,813 first records 16,926 established species, show that annual rate worldwide increased 200 years, with 37% all reported most recently (1970–2014). Inter-continental inter-taxonomic variation can be largely attributed to diaspora European settlers in...
Urbanization contributes to the loss of world's biodiversity and homogenization its biota. However, comparative studies urban leading robust generalities status drivers in cities at global scale are lacking. Here, we compiled largest dataset date two diverse taxa cities: birds (54 cities) plants (110 cities). We found that majority bird plant species native cities. Few cosmopolitan, most common being Columba livia Poa annua. The density (the number per km(2)) has declined substantially: only...
Species moved by human activities beyond the limits of their native geographic ranges into areas in which they do not naturally occur (termed aliens) can cause a broad range significant changes to recipient ecosystems; however, impacts vary greatly across species and ecosystems are introduced. There is therefore critical need for standardised method evaluate, compare, eventually predict magnitudes these different impacts. Here, we propose straightforward system classifying alien according...
ABSTRACT The use of phylogenies in ecology is increasingly common and has broadened our understanding biological diversity. Ecological sub‐disciplines, particularly conservation, community macroecology, all recognize the value evolutionary relationships but resulting development phylogenetic approaches led to a proliferation diversity metrics. many metrics across sub‐disciplines hampers potential meta‐analyses, syntheses, generalizations existing results. Further, there no guide for...
Our ability to predict the identity of future invasive alien species is largely based upon knowledge prior invasion history. Emerging species-those never encountered as aliens before-therefore pose a significant challenge biosecurity interventions worldwide. Understanding their temporal trends, origins, and drivers spread pivotal improving prevention risk assessment tools. Here, we use database 45,984 first records 16,019 established investigate dynamics occurrences emerging Even after many...
The accelerating rates of international trade, travel, and transport in the latter half twentieth century have led to progressive mixing biota from across world number species introduced new regions continues increase. importance biogeographic, climatic, economic, demographic factors as drivers this trend is increasingly being realized but yet there no consensus regarding their relative importance. Whereas little may be done mitigate effects geography climate on invasions, a wider range...
Abstract Biological invasions have steadily increased over recent centuries. However, we still lack a clear expectation about future trends in alien species numbers. In particular, do not know whether will continue to accumulate regional floras and faunas, or the pace of accumulation decrease due depletion native source pools. Here, apply new model simulate numbers based on estimated sizes pools dynamics historical invasions, assuming continuation processes as observed past (a...
Spatial structure of species change Biodiversity is undergoing rapid driven by climate and other human influences. Blowes et al. analyze the global patterns in temporal biodiversity using a large quantity time-series data from different regions (see Perspective Eriksson Hillebrand). Their findings reveal clear spatial richness composition change, where marine taxa exhibit highest rates change. The tropics, particular, emerge as hotspots losses. Given that activities are affecting magnitudes...
Summary The subdiscipline of ‘community phylogenetics’ is rapidly growing and influencing thinking regarding community assembly. In particular, phylogenetic dispersion co‐occurring species within a commonly used as proxy to identify which assembly processes may have structured particular community: clustering for abiotic assembly, that habitat filtering, overdispersion biotic notably competition. We challenge this approach by highlighting (typically) implicit assumptions are, in reality,...
Using the recently built Global Naturalized Alien Flora (GloNAF) database, containing data on distribution of naturalized alien plants in 483 mainland and 361 island regions world, we describe patterns diversity geographic invasive plant species, taxonomic, phylogenetic life-history structure global flora as well levels naturalization their determinants. The with highest numbers aliens are some Australian states (with New South Wales being richest this continent) several North American (of...
Abstract Non‐native species cause changes in the ecosystems to which they are introduced. These changes, or some of them, usually termed impacts; can be manifold and potentially damaging biodiversity. However, impacts most non‐native poorly understood, a synthesis available information is being hindered because authors often do not clearly define impact. We argue that explicitly defining impact will promote progress toward better understanding implications biodiversity caused by species;...
Trade plays a key role in the spread of alien species and has arguably contributed to recent enormous acceleration biological invasions, thus homogenizing biotas worldwide. Combining data on 60-year trends bilateral trade, as well biodiversity climate, we modeled global plant among 147 countries. The model results were compared with recently compiled unique set numbers naturalized vascular representing most comprehensive collection distributions currently available. identifies major source...
Human activities have altered the composition of biotas through two fundamental processes: native extinctions and alien introductions. Both processes affect taxonomic (i.e., species identity) phylogenetic evolutionary history) structure assemblages. However, it is not known what relative magnitude these effects at large spatial scales. Here we analyze large-scale plant introductions on diversity floras across Europe, using data from 23 regions. Considering both losses additions in concert...
Despite intensive research during the past decade on effects of alien species, invasion science still lacks capacity to accurately predict impacts those species and, therefore, provide timely advice managers where limited resources should be allocated. This has been partly by context-dependent nature ecological impacts, highly skewed toward certain taxa and habitat types, lack standardized methods for detecting quantifying impacts. We review different strategies, including specific...
Summary Theory predicts that the processes generating biodiversity after disturbance will change during succession. Comparisons of phylogenetic and functional (alpha beta) diversity with taxonomic can provide insights into extent to which community assembly is driven by deterministic or stochastic processes, but comparative approaches have yet be applied successional systems. We characterized taxonomic, plant within between four stages in a > 270‐year‐long arable‐to‐grassland...
Soils harbor a substantial fraction of the world's biodiversity, contributing to many crucial ecosystem functions. It is thus essential identify general macroecological patterns related distribution and functioning soil organisms support their conservation consideration by governance. These analyses need represent diversity environmental conditions that can be found worldwide. Here we characterize existing gaps in taxa data across studies 17,186 sampling sites globe. include important...
Abstract Aims Vegetation‐plot records provide information on the presence and cover or abundance of plants co‐occurring in same community. data are spread across research groups, environmental agencies biodiversity centers and, thus, rarely accessible at continental global scales. Here we present sPlot database, which collates vegetation plots worldwide to allow for exploration patterns taxonomic, functional phylogenetic diversity plant community level. Results version 2.1 contains from...