A5011017860- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Infant Health and Development
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Blind Source Separation Techniques
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Crustacean biology and ecology
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
University of Chicago
2004-2024
Northwestern University
2021
Medical College of Wisconsin
2005-2016
Milwaukee VA Medical Center
2014
Molecular Biology Consortium
2005
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
2004
Texas Tech University
2004
Case Western Reserve University
1997-2000
Rett syndrome is a severe X-linked neurological disorder in which most patients have mutations the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene and suffer from bioaminergic deficiencies life-threatening breathing disturbances. We used vivo plethysmography, vitro electrophysiology, neuropharmacology, immunohistochemistry, biochemistry to characterize consequences of MECP2 mutation on wild-type (wt) Mecp2-deficient (Mecp2-/y) mice. At birth, Mecp2-/y mice showed normal number medullary neurons...
Many rhythmic behaviors are continuously modulated by endogenous peptides and amines, but whether neuromodulation is critical to the expression of a behavior often remains unknown, particularly in mammals. Here, we address this issue respiratory network that was isolated spontaneously medullary slice preparations from mice. Under control conditions, generates fictive eupneic activity. We hypothesized previously activity depends on two types pacemaker neurons. The bursting properties one rely...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and lethal tumor types. Evidence continues to accrue indicating that complex relationship between GBM brain microenvironment contributes this malignant phenotype. However, interaction neurotransmitters, signaling molecules involved in neuronal communication, remains incompletely understood. Here we examined, using human patient-derived xenograft lines, how monoamine dopamine influences cells. We demonstrate cells express receptor 2 (DRD2),...
Many networks generate distinct rhythms with multiple frequency and amplitude characteristics. The respiratory network in the pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-Böt) generates both low-frequency, large-amplitude sigh rhythm a faster, smaller-amplitude eupneic rhythm. Could same set of pacemakers rhythms? Here we used an vitro brainslice preparation. We describe subset synaptically isolated that spontaneously two bursting patterns. These patterns resemble activity including sigh-like bursts occur at...
The goal of this work was to define the contributions intrinsic and synaptic mechanisms toward spontaneous network-wide bursting activity, observed in dissociated rat hippocampal cell cultures. This network behavior is typically characterized by short-duration bursts, separated order magnitude longer interburst intervals. We hypothesize that while short-timescale processes modulate spectro-temporal intraburst properties burst propagation, much timescales membrane such as persistent sodium...
Memory formation requires de novo protein synthesis, and memory disorders may result from misregulated synthesis of critical proteins that remain largely unidentified. Plasma membrane ion channels receptors are likely candidates given their role in regulating neuron excitability, a candidate mechanism. Here we conduct targeted molecular monitoring quantitation hippocampal plasma mice with intact or impaired contextual fear to identify putative candidates. report deficits correspond increased...
Measurements of neuronal signals during human seizure activity and evoked epileptic in experimental models suggest that, these pathological states, the individual nerve cells experience an driven depolarization block, i.e. they saturate. We examined effect such a saturation Wilson-Cowan formalism by adapting nonlinear activation function; we substituted commonly applied sigmoid for Gaussian function. discuss recordings that support this substitution. Next perform bifurcation analysis on...
Mammals have circadian variation in blood pressure, heart rate, vascular tone, thrombotic tendency, and cerebral flow (CBF). These changes may be part orchestrated by clock gene expression within cells comprising the vasculature that modulate (e.g., fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, astrocytes, endothelial cells). However, downstream mechanisms underlie are unknown. Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases (Cyp4x1 Cyp2c11) expressed brain metabolize arachidonic acid (AA) to form epoxyeicosatrienoic...
Abstract Recently developed methods for transforming 2D patterns of thin‐film materials into 3D mesostructures create many interesting opportunities in microsystems design. A growing area interest is multifunctional thermal, electrical, chemical, and optical interfaces to biological tissues, particularly multicellular, millimeter‐scale constructs, such as spheroids, assembloids, organoids. Herein, examples mechanical are presented, which thin ribbons parylene‐C form the basis transparent,...
Synaptic and endogenous pacemaker properties have been hypothesized as principal cellular mechanisms for respiratory rhythm generation. This rhythmic activity is thought to originate in the pre-Bötzinger complex, an area that can generate fictive respiration when isolated brainstem slice preparations of mice. In preparations, external potassium concentration ([K+]o) typically elevated from 3 8 mm induce population activity. However, [K+](o) may not simply depolarize neurons but also change...
Neuromodulators, such as substance P (SubP), play an important role in modulating many rhythmic activities driven by central pattern generators (e.g. locomotion, respiration). However, the mechanism which SubP enhances breathing regularity has not been determined. Here, we used mouse brainstem slices containing pre-Bötzinger complex to demonstrate, for first time, that activates transient receptor protein canonical (TRPC) channels enhance respiratory rhythm regularity. Moreover, enhancement...
Cockroaches were induced to walk or search for a foothold while they tethered above glass plate made slick with microtome oil. We combined kinematic analysis of leg joint movements electromyographic (EMG) recordings from extensor muscles during walking and searching characterize these behaviors. The preparation provides technical advantages multi-joint neural analysis. However, the behavioral relevance is an important issue. To address this issue, we evaluated effects tethering animals by...
High-gamma (HG; 80-150 Hz) activity in macroscopic clinical records is considered a marker for critical brain regions involved seizure initiation; it correlated with pathological multiunit firing during neocortical seizures the core, an area identified by spiking and low frequency activity. However, effects of spatiotemporal dynamics on HG power generation are not well understood. Here, we studied propagation, using three-step, multiscale signal analysis modeling approach. First, analyzed...
Most mammals modulate respiratory frequency (RF) to dissipate heat (e.g., panting) and avoid stroke during hyperthermic conditions. Respiratory neural network activity recorded in an isolated brain stem-slice preparation of mice exhibits a similar RF modulation response hyperthermia; fictive eupneic increases while inspiratory amplitude duration are significantly reduced. Here, we study the effects hyperthermia on synaptically pacemakers examine possibility that these changes may account for...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Canonically, this has been ascribed to enhancing effect on neuronal excitability synaptic plasticity the CA1 region. However, it is pyramidal neurons subiculum that form primary efferent pathways conveying hippocampal information other areas of brain, yet BDNF these remained unexplored. We present new data regulates cellular a much more complex manner than previously suggested....
Most mammals modulate respiratory frequency (RF) to dissipate heat (i.e., panting) and avoid stroke during hyperthermic conditions. During hyperthermia, the RF of intact increases then declines or ceases (apnea). It has been proposed that this modulation depends on presence higher brain structures such as hypothalamus. However, direct effects hyperthermia neural network have not examined. To address issue, [i.e., ventral group (VRG)] was isolated in a stem preparation taken from medulla mice...
In a previous study, we combined joint kinematics and electromyograms (EMGs) to examine the change in phase relationship of two principal leg joints during walking searching. this recorded intracellularly from motor neurons semi-intact behaving animals mechanisms coordinating extension at these joints. particular, examined coxa-trochanter (CTr) femur-tibia (FT) doing so, discovered marked similarities activity CTr FT extensor onset searching end stance walking. The data suggest that same...
To test the hypothesis that focal and parafocal neocortical tissue from pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy exhibits cellular synaptic differences, authors characterized propensity of these neurons to generate (a) voltage-dependent bursting (b) synaptically driven paroxysmal depolarization shifts. Neocortical slices were prepared resected epilepsy. Multiunit network activity simultaneous whole-cell patch recordings made three patient groups: (1) those normal histology; (2) mild...
Abstract Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are hypothesized to play a key role in generating the central respiratory rhythm and other rhythmic activities driven by pattern generators (e.g. locomotion). However, functional of mGluRs activity many motor patterns is very poorly understood. Here, we used mouse brain‐slice preparations containing pre‐Bötzinger complex (pre‐BötC) identify group I (mGluR1 mGluR5) generation. We found that activation mGluR1/5 not required for pre‐BötC...
Neocortical oscillations result from synchronized activity of a synaptically coupled network and can be strongly influenced by the intrinsic firing properties individual neurons. As such, electroresponsive neurons may have important implications for overall function. Rhythmic bursting (rIB) are particular interest, as they poised to initiate and/or influence oscillations. Although neocortical rIB been recognized in multiple species, current study is first identify characterize human...
The gene KCNJ11 encodes Kir6.2 a major subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) expressed in both pancreas and brain. Heterozygous gain function mutations can cause neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM). In addition, many patients exhibit neurological defects ranging from modest learning disorders to severe cognitive dysfunction seizures. However, it remains unclear what extent these deficits are due direct brain-specific activity mutant KATP. We have generated cerebral organoids...