A5059818772- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute
2012-2023
New York State Psychiatric Institute
2012-2023
New York University
2015-2023
Columbia University
2012-2023
Research Foundation For Mental Hygiene
2020-2021
Microsaccades are high-velocity fixational eye movements, with special roles in perception and cognition. The default microsaccade detection method is to determine when the smoothed velocity exceeds a threshold. We have developed new method, Bayesian (BMD), which performs inference based on simple statistical model of positions. In this model, hidden state variable changes between drift states at random times. position biased walk different distributions for each state. BMD generates samples...
Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area use glutamate as a cotransmitter. To elucidate behavioral role of cotransmission, we targeted glutamate-recycling enzyme glutaminase (gene Gls1). In mice with dopamine transporter (Slc6a3)-driven conditional heterozygous (cHET) reduction Gls1 their neurons, neuron survival and transmission were unaffected, while cotransmission at phasic firing frequencies was reduced, enabling selective focus on cotransmission. The showed normal emotional motor...
Abstract Glutaminase‐deficient mice (GLS1 hets), with reduced glutamate recycling, have a focal reduction in hippocampal activity, mainly CA1, and manifest behavioral neurochemical phenotypes suggestive of schizophrenia resilience. To address the basis for hypoactivity, we examined synaptic plastic mechanisms receptor expression. Although baseline strength was unaffected Schaffer collateral inputs to found that long‐term potentiation attenuated. In wild‐type (WT) mice, GLS1 gene expression...
In many studies of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), stimulus encoding and processing (perceptual function) response selection (executive have been intertwined. To dissociate deficits in these functions, we introduced a task that parametrically varied low-level features (orientation color) for fine-grained analysis perceptual function. It also required participants to switch their attention between feature dimensions on trial-by-trial basis, thus taxing executive processes....
Bayesian models of perception posit that percepts result from the optimal integration new sensory information and prior expectations. In turn, prominent perceptual disturbances in psychosis frame hallucination-like phenomena as excessively biased toward Despite mounting support for this notion, whether hallucination-related bias results secondarily imprecise representations at early processing stages or directly alterations priors—both suggested candidates potentially consistent with...
Introspective agents can recognize the extent to which their internal perceptual experiences deviate from actual states of external world. This ability, also known as insight, is critically required for reality testing and impaired in psychosis, yet little about its cognitive underpinnings. We develop a Bayesian modeling framework psychophysics paradigm quantitatively characterize this type insight while people experience motion after-effect illusion. People incorporate knowledge illusion...
Abstract Visual search is one of the most ecologically important perceptual task domains. One research tradition has studied visual using simple, parametric stimuli and a signal detection theory or Bayesian modeling framework. However, this mostly focused on homogeneous distractors (identical to each other), which are not very realistic. In different tradition, Duncan Humphreys (1989) conducted landmark study with heterogeneous distractors. they used complex stimuli, making dissociation...
Microsaccades (or small saccades) are fixational eye movements with high velocity. They have been proposed as an index for covert spatial attention, but this proposal has contested. One reason why it difficult to reach consensus is that different studies use different, arbitrary detection criteria such velocity thresholds. Here, we developed a principled method identifying microsaccades, based on Bayesian changepoint detection. Our generative model contains latent state variable changes...
Abstract In many studies of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), stimulus encoding and processing (per-ceptual function) response selection (executive have been intertwined. To dissociate deficits in these functions, we introduced a task that parametrically varied low-level features (orientation color) for fine-grained analysis perceptual function. It also required participants to switch their attention between feature dimensions on trial-by-trial basis, thus taxing executive...
Abstract Introspective agents can recognize the extent to which their internal perceptual experiences deviate from actual states of external world. This ability, also known as insight, is critically required for reality testing and impaired in psychosis, yet very little about its cognitive underpinnings. We developed a Bayesian modeling framework novel psychophysics paradigm quantitatively characterize this type insight while participants experienced motion after-effect illusion....
Search in visual working memory (VWM) is an important process everyday life, but it has so far not been investigated sufficiently using psychophysical and computational approaches. Here, we examine whether models from the study of VWM search also apply to VWM. Participants performed a two-alternative VWM-based color localization task which set size similarity were varied. We tested with resource-limited encoding stage Bayesian decision stage. found that variable-precision model fit data well...
Recent studies suggest that reducing synaptic glutamate release may prove therapeutic in schizophrenia. Phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG), present human brain mitochondria, is thought to medwiate the major flux of neurotransmitter pool. PAG catalyzes conversion L-glutamine (Gln) L-glutamic acid (Glu), so inhibiting seems a promising means Glu release. The goal this study was establish parameters for high-throughput screening identify potential inhibitors. Glutaminase A from E. coli used...
ABSTRACT Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area use glutamate as a cotransmitter. To elucidate behavioral role of cotransmission, we targeted glutamate-recycling enzyme glutaminase (gene GLS1 ). In mice with DAT-driven conditional heterozygous (cHET) reduction their dopamine neurons, neuron survival and transmission were unaffected, while cotransmission at phasic firing frequencies was reduced, enabling focusing cotransmission. DAT cHET showed normal emotional motor behaviors, an...
Visual search with homogeneous distractors has been extensively characterized within a modeling framework, both signal detection theory (Palmer et al, 2000), and optimal-observer models (Mazyar 2012). heterogeneous also investigated, starting Duncan Humphreys (1989), but much smaller proportion of this work used simple parametric stimuli, making dissociation component processes more difficult. Here, we performed detailed characterization the factors that influence performance in visual...
In the brain, phosphate-activated glutaminase catalyzes recycling of glutamine back to glutamate for excitatory neurotransmission. mice, genetic knockdown has been shown confer resilience schizophrenia-like symptoms, suggesting that inhibition may have therapeutic potential pharmacotherapy schizophrenia. As there are no known neuroactive inhibitors glutaminase, i.e. get into high-throughput screening a library 58,000 neuroative compounds was conducted using fluorescence-based assay; this...