Our understanding of the mechanisms airborne transmission viruses is incomplete. This paper employs computational multiphase fluid dynamics and heat transfer to investigate transport, dispersion, evaporation saliva particles arising from a human cough. An ejection process droplets in air was applied mimic real event We employ an advanced three-dimensional model based on fully coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian techniques that take into account relative humidity, turbulent dispersion forces, droplet...

Face mask filters-textile, surgical, or respiratory-are widely used in an effort to limit the spread of airborne viral infections. Our understanding droplet dynamics around a face filter, including containment and leakage from passing through cover, is incomplete. We present fluid study transmission respiratory droplets filter. By employing multiphase computational fully coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian framework, we investigate induced by mild coughing incident examine phenomena affecting...

The contribution of this paper toward understanding airborne coronavirus survival is twofold: We develop new theoretical correlations for the unsteady evaporation (CoV) contaminated saliva droplets. Furthermore, we implement in a three-dimensional multiphase Eulerian-Lagrangian computational fluid dynamics solver to study effects weather conditions on virus transmission. theory introduces thermal history kernel and provides transient Nusselt (Nu) Sherwood (Sh) numbers as function Reynolds...

The impact of air ventilation systems on airborne virus transmission (AVT), and aerosols in general, confined spaces is not yet understood. recent pandemic has made it crucial to understand the limitations regarding AVT. We consider an elevator as a prototypical example space show how designs alone, regardless cooling or heating, contribute Air circulation effects are investigated through multiphase computational fluid dynamics, performance purifier for reducing AVT assessed. have three...

Abstract We present an experimental approach used to measure both normal stress differences and the particle phase contribution stresses in suspensions of non-Brownian hard spheres. The methodology consists measuring radial profile along velocity gradient direction a torsional flow between two parallel discs. values first second differences, ${N}_{1} $ ${N}_{2} , are deduced from measurement slope origin ordinate. measurements carried out for wide range volume fractions (between 0.2 0.5). As...

Abstract Topology optimization (TO) method is developed and applied to 3D heat sinks design using the finite element (FEM). To go from theory practical application of optimized sink designs, impact ratio between fin height (Hc) substrate thickness (Hb) on performance was investigated, studying critical role geometric parameters in dissipation performance, focusing optimizing internal fluid channels enhance overall hydraulic thermal efficiencies under various operating conditions. Optimal...

Epidemic models do not account for the effects of climate conditions on transmission dynamics viruses. This study presents vital relationship between weather seasonality, airborne virus transmission, and pandemic outbreaks over a whole year. Using data obtained from high-fidelity multi-phase, fluid simulations, we calculate concentration rate Coronavirus particles in contaminated saliva droplets use it to derive new Airborne Infection Rate (AIR) index. Combining simplest form an...

Convective heat transfer can be enhanced by streamwise vortices and coherent flow structures produced downstream Vortex Generators (VGs). The thermal performance depends on the VG shape which controls intensity topology of vortices. Thus, optimization is a major challenge in designing sustainable efficient exchangers. In present study, multi-objective performed through large space exploration design to find optimal shapes that adapt different regimes. Simulations are carried out parallel...

This study investigates how airborne pollen pellets (or grains) can cause severe respiratory-related problems in humans. Given that capture ribonucleic acid viruses, we show grains could transport virus particles such as the coronavirus (CoV) disease (COVID-19) or others. We consider environmental conditions featuring highest concentration season and conduct computational multiphysics, multiscale modeling simulations. The investigation concerns a prototype problem comprising of 104 dropped...

Vortex generators (VGs) have been extensively studied and utilized in multifunctional heat exchangers/reactors due to their remarkable ability create coherent flow structures streamwise vortices. These characteristics significantly enhance the mixing transfer performance laminar turbulent regimes. With advancement of computational power, VG shape optimization has become feasible, leading discovery various optimized shapes literature for different Reynolds numbers. In this paper, response...

The design of rigid vortex generators (RVG) influences the thermal performance various technologies. We employed Discrete Adjoint-Based Optimization to show optimal development generators. Under turbulent flow conditions, different bi-objective functions on RVG were examined. Specifically, we aimed at an shape that minimizes pressure drop and maximizes local heat transfer in a rectangular channel. can be obtained using computational fluid dynamics conjunction with Pareto Front cost order...

This paper concerns the application of a long short-term memory model (LSTM) for high-resolution reconstruction turbulent pressure fluctuation signals from sparse (reduced) data. The model’s training was performed using data computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations high-speed boundary layers over flat panel. During preprocessing stage, we employed cubic spline functions to increase fidelity and subsequently fed them LSTM precise reconstruction. We evaluated our method with root mean...

Air purifiers are limited to small polluting airborne particles and poor air circulation (fan) for bringing inside the device. Thus, optimal utility of domestic (DAPs) eliminating viruses is still ambiguous. This paper addresses above limitations using computational fluid dynamics modeling simulations investigate local design a DAP in an indoor space. We also integrated fan system transport viruses. Three different scenarios standard equipment (144 m3/h) explored space comprising furnished...

Swarms of drones is an emerging field research and technology. Multicopter are noisy machines, the noise effects would increase for a swarm. It is, therefore, essential to understand what flight formation conditions reduce emissions. This study concerns induced by drone swarms. We developed high-resolution computational methodology predicting aeroacoustic footprints emitted from swarm multi-copter drones. show that V-flight emits less sound pressure level than U-shape (or rectangular)...