The swimming of a pair spherical bladders that change their volumes and mutual distance is superior to other models artificial swimmers at low Reynolds numbers. resembles the wriggling motion known as metaboly certain protozoa.

We propose a novel scenario to explain the observed cosmological asymmetry between matter and antimatter, based on nonperturbative QCD physics. This relies mechanism of separation quarks antiquarks in two coexisting phases at end phase transition: ordinary hadrons (and antihadrons), along with massive lumps antilumps) color superconducting phase. The latter would serve as cold dark matter. In certain conditions charge is $C$ $CP$ asymmetric can leave net excess over antihadrons conventional...

We discuss the possibility that recent detection of 511 keV $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays from galactic bulge, as observed by International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory, can be naturally explained supermassive very dense droplets (strangelets) dark matter. These are assumed to made ordinary light quarks (or antiquarks) condensed in a nonhadronic color superconducting phase. The carry electrons positrons) bulk or/and on surface. ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ annihilation events take place...

It is suggested that the Minkowski vacuum of quantum field theories a large number fields N would be gravitationally unstable due to strong energy fluctuations unless an dependent sub-Planckian ultraviolet momentum cutoff introduced. We estimate this implied using effective theory massless couple semiclassical gravity and find it (assuming cosmological constant vanishes) bounded by ${M}_{\mathrm{Planck}}/\mathcal{N}{}^{1/4}.$ Our bound can made consistent with entropy bounds holography, but...

The Bell theorem stands as an insuperable roadblock in the path to a very desired intuitive solution of EPR paradox and, hence, it lies at core current lack clear interpretation quantum formalism. states through experimentally testable inequality that predictions mechanics for polarization two entangled particles cannot be reproduced by any statistical model hidden variables shares certain features. In this paper, we show, however, proof involves subtle, though crucial, assumption is not...

Motivated in part by the several observed anomalies involving $CP$ asymmetries of $B$ and ${B}_{s}$ decays, we consider standard model with a 4th sequential family (SM4) which seems to offer rather simple resolution. We initially assume $T$-invariance taking up down-quark $4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4$ mass matrix be real. Following Friedberg Lee (FL), then impose hidden symmetry on unobserved (hidden) SU(2) states. The for four generations ensures existence two zero-mass...

If, in addition to the standard model fields, a new pseudoscalar field exists and couples hypercharge topological number density, it can exponentially amplify hyperelectric hypermagnetic fields symmetric phase of electroweak plasma, while coherently rolling or oscillating. We present equations describing coupled system electromagnetic an plasma at temperatures above transition, discuss approximations their validity. then solve approximate using assorted analytical numerical methods,...

A cosmological pseudoscalar field coupled to hypercharge topological number density can exponentially amplify hyperelectric and hypermagnetic fields while coherently rolling or oscillating, leading the formation of a time-dependent condensate density. The be converted, under certain conditions, into baryons in sufficient quantity explain observed baryon asymmetry universe. amplified perhaps sufficiently strengthen electroweak phase transition, by doing so, save any pre-existing from extinction.

Quantum fluctuations of a certain class bulk operators defined in spatial subvolumes Minkowski space-time have an unexpected area scaling property. We present evidence that such may be ascribed to boundary theory. first highlight the implications with two examples which regions is not monotonic their volume. Next, we show covariance are restricted different space scale linearly mutual area. Finally, example demonstrates why this implies underlying

We describe an explicit statistical model of local hidden variables that reproduces the predictions quantum mechanics for ideal Franson experiment and sheds light on physical mechanisms might be involved in actual experiment. The crux our is spontaneous breaking time-translation gauge symmetry by configurations pairs photons locked time energy experiment, which acquire a non-zero geometric phase through certain cyclic transformations.

We describe an explicitly non-contextual statistical model of hidden variables for the qutrit, which fully reproduces predictions quantum mechanics, and thus, bypasses constraints imposed by Kochen–Specker theorem its subsequent reformulations. notice that these renowned theorems crucially rely on implicitly assumed existence absolute frame reference with respect to physically indistinguishable tests related spurious gauge transformations can supposedly be assigned well-defined distinct...

Interference effects are important for swimming of mesoscopic systems that small relative to the coherence length surrounding quantum medium. Swimming is geometric slow swimmers and distance covered in each stroke determined, explicitly, terms on-shell scattering matrix. Remarkably, a one-dimensional Fermi gas at zero temperature we find topological: one quantized half integer multiples wavelength. In addition, careful choice can eliminate dissipation.

If in addition to the standard model fields, a new pseudoscalar field that couples hypercharge topological number density, axion, exists, it can be produced colliders association with photons or Z bosons, and detected by looking for its decay into Z's. For range of masses below TeV coupling above fraction 1/TeV, existing data from LEP II Tevatron already put interesting constraints, future accessible detection is increased significantly. The axion help explaining matter-antimatter asymmetry universe.

We re-examine the CHSH experiment, which we abstract here as a multi-round game played between two parties with each party reporting single binary outcome at round. explore in particular role that symmetries, and spontaneous breaking thereof, play determining maximally achievable correlations parties. show, help of an explicit statistical model, rotational symmetry allows for stronger than those can be achieved its absence. then demonstrate may lead to violation renowned inequality. believe...

The Bell inequality is thought to be a common constraint shared by all models of local hidden variables that aim describe the entangled states two qubits. Since violated quantum mechanical description these states, it purportedly allows distinguishing in an experimentally testable way predictions mechanics from those and, ultimately, ruling latter out. In this paper, we show, however, constrained share subtle, though crucial, feature not required fundamental physical principles hence, might...

Many theoretically well-motivated extensions of the standard model contain heavy pseudoscalars that couple to hypercharge topological density. The cosmological dynamics such axions could, under certain conditions, lead generation a net baryon number in sufficient amount explain observed asymmetry universe. We examine minimal supersymmetric and string or M-theory models determine specific conditions which axion-like must satisfy successfully drive baryogenesis. find all candidates fail obey...

It is shown that the vacuum state of weakly interacting quantum field theories can be described, in Heisenberg picture, as a linear combination randomly distributed incoherent paths obey classical equations motion with constrained initial conditions. We call such ``pseudoclassical'' and use them to define dynamics fluctuations. Every physical observable assigned time-dependent value on each path way respects uncertainty principle, but consequence, some standard algebraic relations between...

We revise the statistical properties of primordial cosmological density anisotropies that, at time matter-radiation equality, seeded gravitational development large scale structures in otherwise homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Robertson-Walker flat universe. Our analysis shows that random fluctuations field same instant equality with comoving wavelength shorter than causal horizon can naturally account, when globally constrained to conserve total mass (energy) system, for observed...