Human vision is an active process that involves shifting attention across the visual scene, with or without moving eyes. Such shifts of can be generated at will (endogenously) triggered automatically, i.e., in response to exogenous stimuli including socially relevant cues such as someone else's gaze. What are common and distinct brain mechanisms involved these processes? To address this question, we carried out a quantitative effect-location meta-analysis 59 brain-imaging experiments whose...

Most neuropsychological research on the perception of emotion concerns faces. Yet in everyday life, hand actions are also modulated by our affective state, revealing it, turn, to observer. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) identify brain regions engaged during observation performed either a neutral or an angry way. asked whether these same as those involved perceiving expressive During passive emotionally movements, fMRI signal increased significantly dorsal and ventral...

Abstract When looking at one object, human subjects can shift their attention to another object in visual field without moving the eyes. Such shifts of activate same brain regions as those involved execution eye movements. Here we investigate role main cortical oculomotor area, namely, frontal (FEF), attention. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a technique known disrupt transiently eye-movements preparation. hypothesized that if FEF is necessary element network shifting eyes,...

The human "mirror-system" is suggested to play a crucial role in action observation and execution, characterized by activity the premotor parietal cortices during passive of movements. previous motor experience observer has been shown enhance this network. Yet visual could also have determinant influence when watching more complex actions, as dance performances. Here we tested impact on simulation dance, measuring changes corticospinal excitability. We effects empathic abilities. To fully...

Together with the frontal and parietal eye fields, supplementary field (SEF) is involved in performance control of voluntary reflexive saccades ocular pursuit. This region was first described non-human primates rather well localized on dorsal surface medial cortex. In humans site SEF still ill-defined. Functional imaging techniques have allowed investigation location function SEF. However, there great variability regard to published standardized coordinates this area. We used here spatial...

Abstract What are the brain mechanisms allowing a stimulus to enter our awareness? Some theories suggest that this process engages resources overlapping with those required for action control, but experimental support these ideas is still required. Here, we investigated whether human frontal eye field (FEF), an area known control movements, involved in visual awareness. Volunteers participated backward masking task which they were able detect target small proportion of trials. We observed...

During the shift from a parent-dependent child to fully autonomous adult, peers take on significant role in shaping adolescent's behavior. Peer-derived influences are not always positive, however. Here, we explore neural correlates of interindividual differences probability resisting peer influence early adolescence. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, found striking between 10-year-old children with high and low resistance their brain activity during observation angry hand...

Given the vast amount of sensory information brain has to deal with, predicting some this based on current context is a resource-efficient strategy. The framework predictive coding states that higher-level areas generate model be communicated via feedback connections early areas. Here, we directly tested necessity visual area, V5, in processing an apparent motion paradigm. We flashed targets trace in-time or out-of-time with predicted illusory token. As previous studies, found predictable...

Enhanced motor corticospinal excitability (MCE) in passive action observation is thought to signify covert resonance with the actions seen. Actions performed by others are an important social stimulus and thus, prevalent during interaction. However, most studies employ simple/short snippets of recorded movements devoid any real-life context, which has recently been criticized for lacking ecological validity. Here, we investigated whether co-presence actor spectator impact on comparing...

To date, research on the development of emotion recognition has been dominated by studies facial expression interpretation; very little is known about children's ability to recognize affective meaning from body movements. In present study, we acquired simultaneous video and motion capture recordings two actors portraying four basic emotions (Happiness Sadness, Fear Anger). One hundred seven primary secondary school children (aged 4–17) 14 adult volunteers participated in study. Each...

The superior temporal sulcus (STS) and gyrus (STG) are commonly identified to be functionally relevant for multisensory integration of audiovisual (AV) stimuli. However, most neuroimaging studies on AV used stimuli short duration in explicit evaluative tasks. Importantly though, many our experiences a long ambiguous. It is unclear if the enhanced activity audio, visual, brain areas would also synchronised over time across subjects when they exposed such We intersubject correlation...

Abstract Converging evidence demonstrates that emotion processing from facial expressions continues to improve throughout childhood and part of adolescence. Here we investigated whether this is also the case for emotions conveyed by non-linguistic vocal expressions, another key aspect social interactions. We tested 225 children adolescents (age 5–17) 30 adults in a forced-choice labeling task using bursts expressing four basic (anger, fear, happiness sadness). Mixed-model logistic...

Object. The goal of this study was to investigate the anatomical localization and functional role human frontal eye fields (FEFs) by comparing findings from two independently conducted studies. Methods. In first study, 3-tesla magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging performed in 14 healthy volunteers divided into groups: group executed self-paced voluntary saccades complete darkness second repeated newly learned or familiar sequences saccades. intracerebral electrical stimulation (IES) 38 patients...

Visual exploration is organized in sequences of saccadic eye movements that depend on both perceptual and cognitive context. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we studied the neural basis sequential oculomotor behavior its dependence different types memory by analyzing cerebral activity during performance newly learned familiar movements. Compared to a resting condition, activated common fronto-parietal network, including frontal supplementary fields, several parietal areas. Within...

Emotions are strongly conveyed by the human body and ability to recognize emotions from posture or movement is still developing through childhood adolescence. To date, very few studies have explored how these behavioural observations paralleled functional brain development. Furthermore, currently no development of emotion modulation in areas. In this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) compare activity 25 children (age 6-11), 18 adolescents 12-17) 26 adults while they passively...

Both the frontal eye fields (FEFs) and supplementary (SEFs) are known to be involved in smooth pursuit movements. It has been shown recently that stimulation of smooth-pursuit area FEF [frontal (FPA)] monkey increases response unexpected changes target motion during pursuit. In current study, we applied transcranial magnetic (TMS) FPA SEF humans sinusoidal assess its effects on predictable, rather than unexpected, motion. For FPA, found TMS immediately before reversed direction increased...

Our ability to read other people's non-verbal signals gets refined throughout childhood and adolescence. How this is paralleled by brain development has been investigated mainly with regards face perception, showing a protracted functional of the face-selective visual cortical areas. In view importance whole-body expressions in interpersonal communication it important understand areas sensitive these social signals. Here we used magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) compare activity group 24...