A5073343409- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Color perception and design
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Child Development and Digital Technology
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Color Science and Applications
- Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Early Childhood Education and Development
University of Massachusetts Boston
2016-2025
Boston University
2004-2023
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
1995-2010
Brown University
2002
University of California, Irvine
1995-1999
University of Southern California
1999
Plaisted, O'Riordan and colleagues (Plaisted, & Baron-Cohen, 1998; O'Riordan, 2004) showed that school-age children adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are faster at finding targets in certain types of visual search tasks than typical controls. Currently though, there is very little known about the skills young (1-3-year-olds) - either typically developing or ASD. We used an eye-tracker to measure looking behavior, providing fine-grained measures 2.5-year-old toddlers without ASD...
Research on the neural underpinnings of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has focussed primarily impairments social interaction and communication. Less is known though about second diagnostic criterion restricted behaviors interests. Uniquely in this domain, alongside stands an 'ASD advantage' characterised by superior performance many visual tasks. We recently found that 2-year-olds with ASD dramatically outperform age-matched, typically developing controls search. Here we use task-evoked,...
An ambiguous motion paradigm, in which the direction of apparent is determined by salience (i.e., extent to an area perceived as figure versus ground), used assay amplification color attention color. In red–green colored gratings these experiments, without instructions, depends on chromaticity difference between stripes embedded sequence and yellow background. Selective red (or green) alters found be equivalent increasing physical redness greenness) 25–117%, depending observer Whereas a...
A central function of vision is determining the layout and size objects in visual field, both which require knowledge egocentric distance (the an object from observer). wide range cues can reliably signal relative depth relations among objects, but retinal signals directly specifying to are limited. potential source information pattern blurring on retina, since nearer fixation generally produces larger gradients blur extra-foveal retina. While prior studies implicated as only a qualitative...
Short-term monocular deprivation (∼150 min) temporarily shifts sensory eye balance in favor of the deprived (Lunghi, Burr, & Morrone, 2011; Zhou, Clavagnier, Hess, 2013), opposite to classic studies (Hubel Wiesel, 1970). Various types deprivation—light-tight, diffuser lenses, image degradation—have been tested, and it seemed that a contrast was necessary, sufficient, for these shifts. This could be accommodated feedforward model binocular combination (Meese, Georgeson, Baker, 2006; Sperling...
Attention turns looking, into seeing. Yet, little developmental research has examined the interface of attention and visual working memory (VWM), where what is seen maintained for use in ongoing tasks. Using task-evoked pupil response – a sensitive, real-time, involuntary measure focused that been shown to correlate with VWM performance adults older children we relationship between 13-month-olds. We used Delayed Match Retrieval paradigm, test infants' object-location bindings went while...
There are concerns that reliance on external resources (e.g., information digital devices) may be harmful to our own internal memory. Here, in a pre-registered study, we investigated how the reliability of an resource (i.e., whether will available when needed) affects young children’s use it. In tablet-based Shopping Game, children picked items from store based shopping list. Importantly, and list were not visible simultaneously, but could toggle between them. reliable condition, was always...
Most work on working memory development has children remember a set of items as well they can. However, this approach sidesteps the extended mind, integration external information with memory. Indeed, adults prefer to use resources (e.g., lists, models) but will more cost access them increases. Here, in our shopping game, we investigated trade-off 5- 8-year-olds. Using touchscreen, shopped virtual store. Their list and store were not visible simultaneously could be toggled. We manipulated by...
Proactive interference (PI) occurs when previously learned memories compete with currently relevant information. Despite extensive literature investigating the effect in adults, little work has been done young children. In three preregistered studies (N = 38, 35, 172; convenience samples from Northeastern United States), first, we showed that 3-year-old toddlers are highly sensitive to of PI visual working memory and second, these effects can originate reactivation encoded Third, tested how...
Abstract We tested 8‐ and 10‐month‐old infants’ visual working memory ( VWM ) for object‐location bindings – what is where with a novel paradigm, Delayed Match Retrieval, that measured anticipatory gaze responses (using Tobii T120 eye tracker). In an inversion of Delayed‐Match‐to‐Sample tasks inspiration from the game Memory , in test trials, three face‐down virtual ‘cards’ were presented. Two flipped over sequentially (revealing, e.g. swirl pattern then star), back face‐down. Next, third...
Abstract At what stages of the human visual hierarchy different features are bound together, and whether this binding requires attention, is still highly debated. We used a colour‐contingent motion after‐effect (CCMAE) to study colour signals. The logic our approach was as follows: if CCMAEs can be evoked by targeted adaptation early processing stages, without allowing for feedback from higher integration then would support hypothesis that automatically on basis spatiotemporally local...
Abstract We report a new method for calibrating differences in perceptual salience across feature dimensions, infants. The problem of inter‐dimensional arises many areas infant studies, but general addressing the has not previously been described. Our is based on preferential looking paradigm, adapted to determine relative two stimuli. here case stimuli differing color and luminance, though wider potential. were able psychophysical curve point at which contrast was equally salient infants as...
The rise of pupillometry in infant research over the last decade is associated with a variety methods for data preprocessing and analysis. Although pupil diameter increasingly recognized as an alternative measure popular cumulative looking time approach used many studies (Jackson & Sirois, 2022), open question whether approaches to analyse this variable converge. To end, we proposed crowdsourced A dataset from 30 9-month-old infants (15 girls; M
What kind of featural information do infants rely on when they are trying to recognize a previously seen object? The question whether use certain features (e.g., shape or color) more than others luminance) can only be studied legitimately if visual salience is controlled, as the magnitude feature values—how noticeable and interesting are—will affect results. We employed novel methodology, interdimensional mapping, that allowed us quantify calibrate changes along shape, luminance, color...
Abstract The dominant view of children's memory is that it slow to develop and inferior adults’. Here we pitted 4‐year‐old children against adults in a test verbatim recall verbal material. Parents read novel rhyming verse (and an integrated word list) as their child's bedtime story on ten consecutive days. A group young listened the verse, matching exposure children. All participants subsequently performed free‐recall verbatim. (Parents knew they would be tested; did not.) Four‐year‐olds...
By the late 19th century, tests of adults' shortterm visual memory—how much one retains from a briefly presented display—had acquired familiar character: An alphanumeric array was presented, removed, and participants were asked to report items (Wundt, 1912). These ‘whole report’ revealed capacities 3-4 (Cattell, 1886; Sperling, 1960). However, often felt they had seen more items, but forgotten them before report. A crucial innovation ask for just ‘partial report’, cuing sample their memory...
The visual system must organize dynamic input into useful percepts across time, balancing between stability and sensitivity to change. temporal integration window (TIW) has been hypothesized underlie this balance: If two or more stimuli fall within the same TIW, they are integrated a single percept; those that in different windows segmented (Arnett & Di Lollo, 1979; Wutz, Muschter, van Koningsbruggen, Weisz, Melcher, 2016). Visual TIWs have studied adults, showing average of 65 ms (Wutz et...