Ordered multimodal porous carbon (OMPC) was explored as a counter electrode in ruthenium complex dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and CdSe quantum-dot (QDSCs). The unique structural characteristics such large surface area well-developed three-dimensional (3-D) interconnected ordered macropore framework with open mesopores embedded the walls make OMPC electrodes have high catalytic activities fast mass transfer kinetics toward both triiodide/iodide polysulfide electrolytes. efficiency (ca....

A ruthenium complex (JK-142) with an ancillary bipyridyl ligand substituted by a 3-carbazole-2-thiophenyl moiety was synthesized and explored as sensitizer in cosensitized solar cells combination organic dye (JK-62). The extended π-conjugation the enables JK-142 to have red-shift light absorption band; however, ineffective penetration of molecules into inner surface TiO2 film results low photovoltaic performance for single sensitized cell due its large molecular size JK-142. Interestingly,...

Hierarchical nanostructured spherical carbon with hollow core/mesoporous shell (HCMS) was explored as a counter electrode in CdSe quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells. Compared conventional Pt electrodes and commercially available activated carbon, the HCMS exhibits much larger fill factor due to considerably decreased charge transfer resistance at interface of electrode/polysulfide electrolyte. Furthermore, cell presents high power conversion efficiency up 3.90% well an incident...

A simple but very efficient reproducible approach was developed to fabricate novel mesoporous carbon nanofibers (MCNFs) with tailored nanostructure by using porous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) membrane and colloidal silica as hard templates phenolic resin a source. The as-prepared MCNFs channel diameter of ca. 200 nm reveal uniform one-dimensional (1D) nanofiber structure, created the replication AAO template, open interconnected spherical mesopores 30 in embedded CNFs, mainly controlled...

Hierarchical nanostructured carbon with a hollow macroporous core of ca. 60 nm in diameter combination mesoporous shell 30 thickness has been explored as counter electrode metal-free organic dye-sensitized solar cell. Compared other porous counterparts such activated and ordered CMK-3 Pt electrode, the superior structural characteristics including large specific surface area volume particularly unique hierarchical core/shell nanostructure along 3D interconnected interstitial guarantee fast...

Abstract Unambiguous and selective standoff (non-contact) infield detection of nitro-containing explosives taggants is an important goal but difficult to achieve with standard analytical techniques. Oxidative fluorescence quenching emerging as a high sensitivity method for detecting such materials prone false positives—everyday items perfumes elicit similar responses. Here we report thin films light-emitting dendrimers that detect vapours selectively—fluorescence not observed range common...

As part of a model‐evaluation exercise to forecast Loop Current and eddy frontal positions in the Gulf Mexico, Princeton Regional Ocean Forecast System (PROFS) is tested 14 4‐week periods Aug/25/99–Sep/20/00, during which powerful eddy, Eddy Juggernaut (Eddy‐J) separated from propagated southwestward. To initialize each forecast, PROFS assimilates satellite sea surface height (SSH) anomaly temperature (SST) by projecting them into subsurface density using surface/subsurface correlation that...

Fluorenylboronate ester chromophore-based thin films were investigated for the detection of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) vapors via decomposition product, hydrogen peroxide. Sensing with a high level sensitivity was achieved using fluorescence "turn-on" mechanism based on significant shifts in absorption and photoluminescence spectra that occurs when boronate esters converted to phenoxides by peroxide under basic conditions. The addition an organic base found be critical achieving fast...

This study puts forward a reliability analysis for the bearing performance of piles subjected to coupled action chloride corrosion and scouring. A diffusion model was constructed based on stiffness degradation factor Fick’s law. The Monte Carlo simulation method, along with consideration scouring effect water flow pile foundation, employed assess impact key factors failure probability, considering both bending moment lateral displacement damage criteria. results show that same exposure...

Two novel ruthenium sensitizers containing unsymmetrical indeno[1,2-b]thiophene or a fused dithiophene unit in the ancillary ligand have been designed and synthesized. The photovoltaic performance of JK-188 using an electrolyte consisting 0.6 M 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide, 0.05 I(2), 0.1 LiI, guanidinium thiocyanate, 0.5 tert-butylpyridine acetonitrile revealed short-circuit photocurrent density 18.60 mA/cm(2), open-circuit voltage 0.72 V, fill factor 0.71, yielding overall...

Abstract In‐field rapid and reliable identification of nerve agents is critical for the protection Defence National Security personnel as well communities. Fluorescence‐based detectors can be portable provide detection chemical threats. However, most current approaches cannot differentiate between dilute vapors agent classes are susceptible to false positives due presence common acids. Here a fluorescence‐based method shown differentiation V‐series phosphonofluoridate G‐series avoids...

The control of nanoporous microstructure TiO2 coating in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) through preparation methods influences significantly performance cells. To investigate effect deposit on cell's performance, present study, vacuum cold spray (VCS) process is employed to nanocrystalline coatings an ITO conductive glass substrate. deposits were produced using nanosized particles 25 nm diameter and composite powder composed polyethylene glycol (PEG) particles. deposition...

Abstract A common feature of fluorescent sensing materials for detecting chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and simulants is the presence nitrogen-based groups designed to nucleophilically displace a phosphorus atom substituent, with reaction causing measurable fluorescence change. However, such are also basic so sensitive acid. In this study we show it critical disentangle response candidate material acid CWA simulant. We report that pyridyl-containing react gave strong rapid increase in when...

Thin fluorescent dendrimer films detect 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its analogues dissolved in water.

Time-resolved quartz crystal microbalance with in situ fluorescence measurements are used to monitor the sorption of nitroaromatic (explosive) vapor, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) into a porous pentiptycene-containing poly(phenyleneethynylene) sensing film. Correlation mass uptake quenching shows that analyte diffusion follows Case-II transport model, film-swelling-limited process, which sharp diffusional front propagates at constant velocity through At low vapor pressure DNT ≈16 ppb,...