In this letter, we propose a cooperative relaying system (CRS) based on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) which uses an amplify-and-forward relay. This letter proposes novel detection scheme in the received signals of two consecutive time slots at destination is applied. We calculate asymptotic outage probability and derive diversity order for each symbol. Simulations show that our has much better performance than NOMA-based CRS with decode-and-forward (DF) Also, ergodic sum rate...

Edge intelligence, a new paradigm to accelerate artificial intelligence (AI) applications by leveraging computing resources on the network edge, can be used improve intelligent transportation systems (ITS). However, due physical limitations and energy-supply constraints, powers of edge equipment are usually limited. High altitude platform station (HAPS) considered promising extension computing. HAPS is deployed in stratosphere provide wide coverage strong computational capabilities. It...

High altitude platform station (HAPS), which is deployed in the stratosphere at an of 20-50 kilometres, has attracted much attention recent years due to their large footprint, line-ofsight links, and fixed position relative Earth. Compared with existing network infrastructure, HAPS a larger coverage area than terrestrial base stations closer satellites ground users. Besides small-cells macro- cells, can offer one mega-cell, complement legacy networks 6G beyond wireless systems. This article...

In this paper, we propose a cell-free scheme for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) base stations (BSs) to manage the severe intercell interference between terrestrial users and UAV-BSs of neighboring cells. Since requires enormous bandwidth backhauling, use sub-terahertz (sub-THz) band backhaul links central processing unit (CPU). Also, because sub-THz reliable line-of-sight link, high altitude platform station (HAPS) as CPU. At first time-slot proposed scheme, send their messages UAVs at sub-6...

Abstract In this paper, we study the performance of a cooperative non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system with dedicated relay. This relay is full duplex (FD) and works in an amplify‐and‐forward (AF) mode. Our NOMA consists two users where one them near to base station other assumed be far from station. We derive exact expressions for outage probability ergodic achievable rate users. The simulations demonstrate that case imperfect self‐interference cancelation, our proposed FD‐AF...

In this paper, we find trajectory planning and power allocation for a vehicular network in which an unmanned-aerial-vehicle (UAV) is considered as relay to extend coverage two disconnected far vehicles. We show that two-user with amplify-and-forward (AF) relay, non-orthogonal-multiple-access (NOMA) always has better or equal sum-rate comparison orthogonal-multiple-access (OMA) at high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regime. However, the cases where i) base station (BS)-to-relay link weak, ii)...

In this paper, we propose two novel cooperative-non-orthogonal-multiple-access (C-NOMA) and cooperative-rate-splitting-multiple-access (C-RSMA) schemes for uplink user cooperation. At the first mini-slot of these schemes, each transmits its signal receives transmitted other in full-duplex mode, at second mini-slot, relays user's message with amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol. both to achieve better spectral efficiency, users transmit signals non-orthogonal mode mini-slots. C-RSMA, also apply...

Distributed computing enables Internet of vehicle (IoV) services by collaboratively utilizing the resources from network edge and vehicles. However, interruption issue caused frequent handoffs, a severe shortage are two problems in providing IoV services. High altitude platform station (HAPS) can be promising addition to existing distributed frameworks because its wide coverage strong computational capabilities. In this regard, paper proposes an adaptive scheme new framework that involves...

In 5G wireless communication networks, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has attracted much attention in recent years. This paper investigates physical layer security of a NOMA system with Full Duplex Relay (FDR) and Half (HDR). consists one eavesdropper two legal users where dedicated FDR (or HDR) assists far user. order to characterize the secrecy performance considered scenario, new exact expressions are derived for Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP) both HDR systems. Monte Carlo...

In this paper, we propose a cell-free scheme for unmanned-aerial-vehicle (UAV) base-stations (BSs) to manage the severe intercell interference between aerial and terrestrial nodes. Since requires huge bandwidth backhauling, use terahertz (THz) band wireless backhaul links UAV-BSs central-processing-unit (CPU). Also, because THz reliable line-of-sight (LoS) link, instead of CPU, high-altitude-platform-station (HAPS) as CPU. At first time-slot proposed scheme, users send their messages UAVs at...

Vertical heterogeneous networks (vHetNets) are promising architectures to bring significant advantages for 6G and beyond mobile communications. High altitude platform station (HAPS), one of the nodes in vHetNets, can be considered as a complementary terrestrial meet ever-increasing dynamic capacity demand provide sustainable wireless future. However, problem interference is bottleneck optimal operation such an integrated network. Thus, designing efficient management techniques inevitable. In...

Vertical heterogeneous networks (VHetNets) and artificial intelligence (AI) play critical roles in 6G beyond networks. This article presents an AI-native VHetNets architecture to enable the synergy of AI, thereby supporting varieties AI services while facilitating intelligent network management. Anomaly detection stands as essential service across various applications Internet Things (IoT), including intrusion detection, state monitoring, analysis device activities, security supervision. In...

High altitude platform station (HAPS) computing can be considered as a promising extension of edge to improve intelligent transportation systems (ITS). HAPS is deployed in the stratosphere provide wide coverage and strong computational capabilities, which suitable coordinate terrestrial resources store fundamental data associated with ITS-based applications. In this work, three layers, i.e., vehicles, network edges, HAPS, are integrated build computation framework for ITS, where library...

Anomaly detection for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a major intelligent service required by many fields, including intrusion detection, state monitoring, device-activity analysis, and security supervision. However, heterogeneous distribution data resource-constrained end nodes in ubiquitous IoT systems present challenges existing anomaly models. Due to advantages flexible deployment multi-dimensional resources, high altitude platform stations (HAPSs) unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which...

In this paper, we propose two novel transmission and detection schemes based on rate-splitting (RS) non-orthogonal-multiple-access (NOMA) for uplink user cooperation. At the first mini-slot of these cooperative schemes, each transmits its signal receives transmitted other user, at second mini-slot, relays user's message with amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol. To achieve better spectral efficiency, users transmit their signals in non-orthogonal mode both mini-slots. We proposed (C)-NOMA...

To cope with the unprecedented surge in demand for data computing applications, promising concept of multi-access edge (MEC) has been proposed to enable network edges provide closer processing mobile devices (MDs). Since enormous workloads need be migrated, and MDs always remain resource-constrained, offloading from MEC server will inevitably require more efficient transmission designs. The integration nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique shown applications lower latency higher...

In this paper, we present a novel hemispherical antenna array (HAA) designed for high-altitude platform stations (HAPS). A significant limitation of traditional rectangular arrays HAPS is that their elements are oriented downward, resulting in low gains distant users. Cylindrical were introduced to mitigate drawback; however, face the horizon leading suboptimal users located beneath HAPS. To address these challenges, study, introduce our HAA. An HAA's strategically distributed across surface...

We propose a federated learning (FL) in stratosphere (FLSTRA) system, where high altitude platform station (HAPS) facilitates large number of terrestrial clients to collaboratively learn global model without sharing the training data. FLSTRA overcomes challenges faced by FL networks, such as slow convergence and communication delay due limited client participation multi-hop communications. HAPS leverages its size allow more with line-of-sight (LOS) links placement powerful server. However,...

High-altitude platform station (HAPS) systems are considered to have great promise in the multi-tier architecture of sixth generation (6G) and beyond wireless networks. A HAPS system can be used as a super macro base (SMBS) communicate with users directly since there is significant line-of-sight (LoS) link between terrestrial users. One problems that SMBS face, however, high spatial correlation channel gain adjacent users, which due LoS In this paper, addition utilizing multiple improve user...

In this paper, we find trajectory planning and power allocation for a vehicular network in which an unmanned-aerial- vehicle (UAV) is considered as relay to extend coverage two disconnected far vehicles. We show that two-user with amplify-and-forward (AF) relay, non-orthogonal- multiple-access (NOMA) always has better or equal sum-rate performance comparison orthogonal-multiple-access (OMA) at high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regime. However, the cases where i) base station (BS)-to-relay...

Distributed computing enables Internet of vehicle (IoV) services by collaboratively utilizing the resources from network edge and vehicles. However, interruption issue caused frequent handoffs, a severe shortage are two problems in providing IoV services. High altitude platform station (HAPS) can be promising addition to existing distributed frameworks due its wide coverage strong computational capabilities. In this regard, paper proposes an adaptive scheme new framework that involves HAPS...