Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) has gained significant attention across diverse school environments in justice by supporting students from culturally underrepresented groups. However, how teachers develop their agency toward inclusive practices and what influences the developed have been undertheorized underexplored. This study aims to identify factors that support teachers’ initial enactment of CRT strengthens or weakens positive developed. is guided a grounded theory approach. Sixteen...

Whistleblowing is a psychological process that involves the calculation of risks and benefits. While there exists broad range research on whistleblowing in public sector, previous studies have not examined its entire due to limited focus either intention or behavior. This study aims fill this gap by applying theory planned behavior (TPB) context. Specifically, we examine how individual beliefs about likely consequences (attitude toward whistleblowing), others’ expectations (subjective norm),...

Abstract Representative bureaucracy is a values-based theory of bureaucratic decision making. Its key assumption that bureaucrat’s demography shapes her pre-organizational socialization, values, and ultimately decisions, in way can advance the interests represented client or group (i.e., active representation). However, scholars have not critically examined presumed links among these four factors. We review literature make an argument for representative to incorporate psychological...

Abstract Organizational behaviorists have long argued that inequity in worker compensation is problematic. The authors use data on 254 public and private nonprofit research universities to evaluate the antecedents of salary differences between male female full‐time assistant professors. Drawing representative bureaucracy theory, they hypothesize representation among associate full professor ranks, as well executive management positions (including university president), will be negatively...

Representative bureaucracy is a critical element of modern public administration and governance. Since the advent nonracial democracy, South African government has transformed apartheid into new service that closely mirrors country's diverse population. Questions remain, however, about how this demographic transformation impacted service. Grounded in theory representative bureaucracy, we use mixed methods approach to examine relationship between representation historically disadvantaged...

Abstract The transformation of the South African Public Service into a bureaucracy that is broadly representative population one most significant public sector reforms to occur since end apartheid. Grounded in theory bureaucracy, this study examines demographic representation and how it impacts organisational effectiveness national departments. empirical analysis based on longitudinal data from 60 departments 2006 2013. findings show as these organisations become more by hiring higher per...

Abstract Some representative bureaucracy literature has suggested that increasing the share of female bureaucrats, particularly in supervisory positions, would not have a substantial influence on producing policy outcomes favor clients because potential impact organizational socialization. However, there been little empirical investigation into how passive representation across hierarchical ranks and its interaction for women. By analyzing data 360 local U.S. police organizations 2013 2016,...

This study examines how organizational structure, political control, and internal system responsiveness to employee complaints or grievances influence U.S. federal employees’ external whistleblowing. Although prior research has investigated a number of personal, organizational, social factors that affect whistleblowing, very little examined the three are focus this roles they might play in whistleblowing behavior. The results show (a) wider spans control middle-level versus upper-level...

This study examines the effects of increased supervisory representation by certain racial minority groups in U.S. federal agencies on discrimination perceived nonsupervisory employees different personnel practices. I find inconclusive evidence for inter-minority conflict and cooperation, that influence varies among outgroup minorities. White appear to perceive more as percentage supervisors, regardless race, increases. call further research practices disaggregate consider relations well...

One underexplored question in the representative bureaucracy literature is whether public employees advocate for their demographic groups at expense of other or organizational roles. Many studies have focused on link between passive representation, extent to which workforce reflects characteristics its clients, and active policies advance interests those people. However, little research has been done when increased representation by a certain group enhances overall performance. This study...

The creation of inclusive workplaces in which individuals can thrive constitutes an important goal for many organizations. Despite recognition this fact, persistent adverse workplace experiences, such as sexual harassment, threaten to relegate inclusion mere rhetoric. While previous research has identified several outcomes we examine the relationship between harassment and employee engagement, a strong driver improved service delivery, organizational performance, motivation. Building on job...

We conducted qualitative research in South Korea by interviewing female police officers to gain insight into the processes of representation. The findings show that generally accept representative roles for victims. Still, such determination can manifest through various behaviours, which may not always translate tangible law enforcement outcomes. Additionally, male-dominant culture organizations directly affect officers' advocacy but reduce their work morale, indirectly impacting behaviour....

Our study investigates the perceived individual and organizational outcomes of coworkers' telework between teleworkers non-teleworkers in US federal government. We address two research questions: (1) how are different non-teleworkers? (2) incorporate perspectives to better understand a wide range telework. In order answer these questions, we analyze unique survey administered by Merit Systems Protection Board. findings indicate that compared teleworkers, perceive less positive impact on...

Guided by social cognitive theory (SCT), this research investigates the structural relationships among local culture, teacher efficacy, and teachers’ exercise of curricular autonomy. A total 605 Korean elementary school teachers completed survey questionnaires that underwent equation modeling analysis with a phantom model approach to identify motivational factors their relationships. The results indicate degree internalization mainstream culture efficacy influence implementation reform...

Personality is an essential feature for social interaction that contributes to person's preference products. In this paper, using M-CID(Multimedia Caller-ID) in mobile advertisement, the similarity attraction effect between user and ads personalities examined. A 2 (M-CID advertisement personality: introvert vs. extrovert) by (participant experiment carried out investigate user's attitude on advertised product. The results show introverted users are more likely prefer ads, whereas extroverted...

이 논문은 항공 분야에서의 안전필수 소프트웨어를 평가하기 위한 고려사항을 기술한다. 소프트웨어의 평가를 수행하기 위해서는 해당 평가 수준에 대한 정보가 필요하다. 그 수준은 표준에 명시되어 있으나 소프트웨어 자체적으로 결정되는 요소가 아니며 시스템 안전 결과 및 설계 결과에 의존적이다. 그러므로 평가수준을 결정하기 위해 개발 표준에서 필요로 하는 정보에 대해 설명한다. 그리고 기존의 방법론들을 조사하고 항공기 지상 유도 통제 평가에 적용할 방법을 제시한다. This paper specifies several considerations about assessing safety-critical software in the aerospace domain. In order to evaluate safety critical industry, it is required identify an information of evaluation criteria under evaluation....

One of the activities to improve software quality in ISO 26262 is apply design principles for unit and implementation mentioned 26262-6, including evaluation activity. Before activity, tool compared selected evaluation. Because results a company might have an effect on product quality. In this paper, we suggest method compare industrial static analysis tools with some "MISRA C : 2004 Exemplar Suite" all lessons learned from comparing are described. The result comparison shows that just...

By linking intersectionality to relational demography, this study examines the effects of different gender and racial contexts on overall satisfaction with job organization among four employee groups in U.S. federal agencies: minority women, men, White men. As opposed previous research that treated each demographic identity as an independent category, considers intersection privileged marginalized identities help illuminate varying organizational experiences groups. The analyses find all...

The use of smartphones is growing rapidly in daily life, with various applications such as social network services, Internet access, games, and navigation. It essential to develop customized services that are specifically designed for individual user characteristic order meet the demands users. Effective interaction between personalities mobile devices has been extensively studied. majority research conducted experiments introverts extroverts whose personality can be clearly identified....

소프트웨어의 규모가 커지고 복잡성이 증가함에 따라 유지보수가 보다 중요해지고 있으며 유지보수성에 많은 영향을 미치는 요인 중 하나는 소스코드 가독성이다. 가독성의 90% 이상 끼치는 요인은 소스코드에서 사용되는 식별자들의 이름이며 이를 위한 기존 연구들에서는 클래스의 식별자로 사용된 어휘를 이용하여 식별자의 이름을 검증한다. 하지만 대부분의 관련 연구는 그 특성상 개체의 도메인 특성만을 고려하게 되며 클래스 내의 어휘가 적절하지 못한 경우 적용할 수 있는 범위가 한정적이라는 한계점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 특성을 추출하여 의사결정트리 기법을 통해 기계학습을 시킨 후 역할 모델을 생성하며 검증할 대상 역할에 해당하는 접미사를 추천하게 되어 이름 검증 보고서를 생성한다. 연구 기법의 효용성을 검증하기 위해 4개의 오픈소스 프로젝트에 대하여 적용하였고 정보를 담고 5개의 접미사에 대해 정확도와 재현율, ROC 곡선과 같은 지표를 제시하였다. As software has gotten...

Safety assessment is necessary to develop safety related CNS/ATM system. It includes functional hazard (FHA), effects eliciting system requirement that mitigates system`s hazardous event. This paper performs a case study for of A-SMGCS. To do this, A-SMGCS studies from Eurocontrol and EMMA are surveyed, schemes combined. Not only FHA scope but also several assumptions defined Incheon airport. 29 hazards identified their severities assessed. And exposures objectives analyzed using event tree...

CNS/ATM 분야에서 안전 평가는 시스템을 개발하는데 반드시 필요한 개발 활동이다. 현재까지, 평가와 관련된 많은 참고할 만한 자료들이 있으나 CNS/ATM분야에서 무엇을 어떻게 적용해야 할지 명확하게 명시된 자료는 없다. 또 다른 문제는 DO-278A기반으로 소프트웨어를 개발하기 위해서는 개발하고자 하는 소프트웨어에 대한 소프트웨어 보증 수준이 결정되어 있어야 한다. 하지만 수준을 결정하는 체계도 또한 정의되어 있지 않다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 ICAO Doc 9689에 정의된 목표 기반으로 한 위험 평가를 수행하기 위한 방법을 제시한다. 항행 시스템에서 일반적으로 적용 가능하도록 하기 평가 수행 절차를 수학적으로 표현하였으며 위험원의 심각도 분류, 발생 확률, 시스템 수준 등을 정의하고 이벤트 트리 분석 적용하는 설명하였다. Safety assessment is an essential activity for developing a system...

Representative bureaucracy and workforce diversity have become central topics in the field of public administration. Although representation are distinct concepts, administration researchers often conflate them. This study seeks to provide analytical clarity by outlining comparing various conceptual definitions diversity. We also explain causal logic how influence organizational performance. Finally, with South African local government as research setting, we examine empirical relationship...