Abstract Background Physical activity is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL) in clinical populations, but less known whether this relationship exists older men and women who are healthy. Thus, study determined if physical was related to HRQL apparently healthy, subjects. Methods Measures were obtained from 112 male female volunteers (70 ± 8 years, mean SD) recruited media advertisements flyers around the Norman, Oklahoma area. Data collected using a medical history...

To determine (1) whether obese older adults had higher prevalence of falls and ambulatory stumbling, impaired balance lower health-related quality life (HRQL) than their normal weight counterparts, (2) the measures were associated with HRQL in adults.Subjects who a body mass index (BMI) greater 30 kg/m2 classified into an group (n = 128) while those BMI between 18.5 24.9 included 88). Functional tests performed to assess balance, questionnaires administered history falls, HRQL.The reported...

Non‐technical summary We investigated the role of thin fibre muscle afferents in circulatory response to exercise humans. The results not only document importance continuous afferent feedback from working human skeletal achieve appropriate haemodynamic and ventilatory responses but also suggest that relative contribution this mechanism is larger than traditionally accepted.

Aging is associated with a pro-oxidant state and decline in endothelial function. Whether acute, enteral antioxidant treatment can reverse this decrement vascular function not well known. Flow-mediated vasodilation reactive hyperemia were evaluated after consumption of either placebo or an oral cocktail (vitamin C, 1000 mg; vitamin E, 600 IU; α-lipoic acid, mg) 87 healthy volunteers (42 young: 25±1 years; 45 older: 71±1 years) using double-blind, crossover design. Blood velocity brachial...

In the peripheral circulation, nitric oxide (NO) is released in response to shear stress across vascular endothelial cells. We sought assess degree which NO contributes exercise-induced vasodilation brachial artery (BA) and determine potential of this approach noninvasively evaluate bioavailability. eight young (25 ± 1 yr) healthy volunteers, we used ultrasound Doppler examine BA handgrip exercise (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 kg) with without synthase blockade [intra-arterial N G...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by low function, inflammation, free radical production, vascular dysfunction, and subsequently a greater incidence of cardiovascular disease. By administering an acute oral antioxidant cocktail to patients with COPD (n=30) controls (n=30), we sought determine the role redox balance in dysfunction these patients. Using double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design, were ingested placebo or (vitamin C, vitamin E,...

The influence of age on the central and peripheral contributors to exercise-induced hyperaemia is unclear. Utilizing a reductionist approach, we compared haemodynamic responses passive limb movement (exercise without an increase in metabolism) 11 old (71 ± 9 years S.D.) young (24 2 age) healthy subjects. Cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), mean arterial pressure (MAP), femoral blood flow passively moved control legs were evaluated second-by-second during min knee...

The purpose of this investigation was to partially remove feedback from type III/IV skeletal muscle afferents and determine how influences the central peripheral hemodynamic responses passive leg movement. Heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure, vascular conductance (LVC), blood flow (LBF) were measured during 2 min knee extension in eight young men before after intrathecal fentanyl injection. Passive movement increased HR by 14 beats/min baseline...

There are no randomised clinical trials comparing the outcomes of short- with long-term psychodynamic group psychotherapy.To compare differences in outcome during and after psychotherapy.In total, 167 out-patients mood, anxiety personality disorders were to or therapy (20 80 weekly, 90 min sessions). Outcome measures were: symptoms (Symptom Checklist - Revised), interpersonal problems (Inventory Interpersonal Problems Circumplex) psychosocial functioning (Global Assessment Functioning (GAF)...

The central and peripheral contributions to exercise-induced hyperemia are not well understood. Thus, utilizing a reductionist approach, we determined the sequential responses passive exercise in nine healthy men (33 +/- 9 yr). Cardiac output, heart rate, stroke volume, mean arterial pressure, femoral blood flow of passively moved leg stationary (control) were evaluated second by during 3 min knee extension with without thigh cuff that occluded flow. Without cuff, significant transient...

This study used alterations in body position to identify differences hemodynamic responses passive exercise. Central and peripheral hemodynamics were noninvasively measured during 2 min of knee extension 14 subjects, whereas perfusion pressure (PP) was directly a subset 6 subjects. Movement-induced increases leg blood flow (LBF) vascular conductance (LVC) more than twofold greater the upright compared with supine positions (LBF, supine: 462 ± 6, upright: 1,084 159 ml/min, P < 0.001; LVC, 5.3...

A spinal cord injury (SCI) clearly results in greater cardiovascular risk; however, accompanying changes peripheral vascular structure below the lesion mean that real impact of a SCI on function is unclear.Therefore, utilizing passive leg movement-induced (PLM) hyperaemia, an index nitric oxide (NO)-dependent and central hemodynamic response to this intervention, we studied eight individuals with age-matched controls (CTRL).Specifically, assessed heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac...

Using flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), reactive hyperemia, and an acute oral antioxidant cocktail (AOC; vitamins C E α-lipoic acid), this study aimed to provide greater insight into altered vascular function the role of oxidative stress in chronic heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) at several time points beyond transplantation (HTx). A total 61 age-matched subjects (12 healthy controls, 14 New York Heart Association class II III HFrEF, 35 HTx recipients [<3 years...

Objectives In a randomized clinical trial, short‐ and long‐term psychodynamic group psychotherapy ( STG LTG , respectively) schedules were equally effective for the ‘typical’ patient during 3‐year study period. Although several studies have reported good effects patients with personality disorders PD ) in diverse forms of psychotherapy, significance treatment duration is unclear. Therefore, we tested hypothesis that would improve more after than . Design A randomized, longitudinal,...

To better characterize the contribution of both central and peripheral mechanisms to passive limb movement-induced hyperemia, we studied nine recent (<2 yr) heart transplant (HTx) recipients (56 ± 4 healthy controls (58 5 yr). Measurements rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), femoral artery blood flow were recorded during knee extension. Peripheral vascular function was assessed using brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD). During movement, HTx lacked an HR response (0 0...

Aging is characterized by increased sympatho-excitation, expressed through both the α-adrenergic and RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone) pathways. Although independent contribution of these two pathways to elevated vasoconstriction with age may be substantial, significant cross-talk exists that could produce potentiating effects. To examine this interaction, 14 subjects (n=8 young, n=6 old) underwent brachial artery catheterization for administration AngII (angiotensin II; 0.8-25.6 ng/dl...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) may negatively affect individuals' participation in physical activity (PA). We used accelerometers to determine PA level individuals with MS varying degrees of disability as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) during regular daily activities.Participants wore an accelerometer from 8 a.m. 9 p.m. for 7 consecutive days. Activity counts recorded this period were analyzed 1-minute epochs and categorized into one four levels: light, moderate, hard, very...

Abstract Objective To determine whether differences in vascular reactivity existed among normal weight, overweight, and obese older men women, to examine the association between abdominal fat distribution reactivity. Methods Eighty-seven individuals who were 60 years of age or (age = 69 ± 7 yrs; mean SD) grouped into weight (BMI &lt; 25; n 30), overweight ≥ 25 30; 28), 29) categories. Calf blood flow (BF) was assessed by venous occlusion strain-gauge plethysmography at rest post-occlusive...

The exact role of arousal in central and peripheral hemodynamic responses to passive limb movement humans is unclear but has been proposed as a potential contributor. Thus, we used human model with no lower afferent feedback determine the on response leg movement. In nine people spinal cord injury, compared ventilatory one-leg knee extension without visual (M+VF M-VF, respectively) well third trial or perception (F). Ventilation (Ve), heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, mean arterial...

This study sought to characterize the role of free radicals in regulating central and peripheral hemodynamics at rest during exercise patients with heart failure (HF). We examined cardiovascular responses dynamic handgrip (4, 8, 12 kg 1 Hz) following consumption either a placebo or acute oral antioxidant cocktail (AOC) consisting vitamin C, E, α-lipoic acid balanced, crossover design. Central hemodynamics, mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance (SVR), brachial...

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to axonal dysfunction and neuronal loss often presents optic neuritis (ON). Decreased thickness retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) classic finding on ophthalmoscopic examination patients with MS especially noted in those history ON. The RNFL can be measured by non-invasive technique, optical coherence tomography (OCT). Areas covered: This review will cover development OCT technology advantages...

Bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) can be socially disabling, have negative psychological and economic consequences, impair patients' quality of life. Knowledge the functional anatomy physiology urinary tract is essential to understand symptoms associated with central nervous system lesions pharmacotherapies used treat them. Treatments for neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) consisted mainly administration anticholinergic drugs, which been shown provide suboptimal clinical...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects metabolic syndrome (MS) features on arterial elasticity large and small arteries in apparently healthy adults, effect clustered MS, determine which are most predictive artery elasticity. subjects for consisted 126 men women, age 45 years older. rested supine while pulse contour analysis measured from radial by using an HDI/Pulsewave CR-2000 instrument (Hypertension Diagnostic, Inc) assess arteries. Medical history obtained along with body...