A5071675129- Microbial infections and disease research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Xenotransplantation and immune response
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- AI in cancer detection
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Actinomycetales infections and treatment
University of Cambridge
2016-2025
Creative Commons
2022
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2011-2019
UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering
2019
University of Rhode Island
2018
Authorised Association Consortium
2015
Research Triangle Park Foundation
1977-2015
Wellcome Sanger Institute
2014
North Carolina State University
2013
Hologic (United States)
2012
Context.—Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children, and a live, oral vaccine may soon be licensed for prevention.Objective.—To estimate economic impact national rotavirus immunization program United States.Design.—Cost-effectiveness was analyzed from perspectives health care system society. A decision tree used estimates disease burden, costs, coverage, efficacy, price obtained published unpublished sources.Intervention.—The proposed would administered to infants at...
Abstract Streptococcus suis causes disease in pigs worldwide and is increasingly implicated zoonotic East South-East Asia. To understand the genetic basis of S. , we study genomes 375 isolates with detailed clinical phenotypes from humans United Kingdom Vietnam. Here, show that associated contain substantially fewer genes than non-clinical isolates, but are more likely to encode virulence factors. Human limited a single-virulent population, originating 1920, s when pig production was...
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility increasing system spatial resolution and scanning speed Hologic Selenia Dimensions digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) scanner by replacing rotating mammography x‐ray tube with a specially designed carbon nanotube (CNT) source array, which generates all projection images needed for reconstruction electronically activating individual sources without any mechanical motion. stationary (s‐DBT) design aims (i) increase...
ABSTRACT Haemophilus parasuis causes Glässer's disease and pneumonia in pigs. Indirect hemagglutination (IHA) is typically used to serotype this bacterium, distinguishing 15 serovars with some nontypeable isolates. The capsule loci of the reference strains have been annotated, significant genetic variation was identified between serovars, exception 5 12. A locus silico serovar were for all but two isolates our collection >200 Here, we describe development a multiplex PCR, based on within...
The expansion and intensification of livestock production is predicted to promote the emergence pathogens. As pathogens sometimes jump between species, this can affect health humans as well livestock. Here, we investigate how microbiota act a source these emerging through analysis Streptococcus suis , ubiquitous component respiratory pigs that also major cause disease on pig farms an important zoonotic pathogen. Combining molecular dating, phylogeography, comparative genomic analyses large...
Since complement-mediated hyperacute rejection of xenografts prevents the use pigs as organ donors to man, development transgenic animals expressing species-specific complement inhibitors could provide a strategy for overcoming rejection. The inhibitor, human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF), assembly C3 and C5 convertases. In this article, first histologic analysis hDAF expression in pig tissues, specifically endothelial cells hDAF, is described. Twenty-seven were categorized into 4 groups...
Abstract Emerging bacterial pathogens threaten global health and food security, so it is important to ask whether these transitions pathogenicity have any common features. We present a systematic study of the claim that associated with genome reduction gene loss. compare broad-scale patterns across all bacteria, detailed analyses Streptococcus suis, an emerging zoonotic pathogen pigs, which has undergone multiple between disease carriage forms. find consistently reduced size three scales...
The aim of this study was to investigate isolates Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae previously designated serologically either as non-typable (NT) or 'K2:07', which did not produce serovar-specific amplicons in PCR assays. We used whole genome sequencing identify the capsule (CPS) loci six biovar 1 NT and two 'K2:O7' A. from Denmark, well a recent 2 isolate Canada. All have same six-gene type I CPS locus, sharing common cpsABC genes with serovars 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 13. contain unique...
Background. To prevent the central role played by complement activation in hyperacute rejection of pig organs transplanted into primates, pigs transgenic for human decay-accelerating factor (HDAF) have recently been produced. The data presented here extend previous immunohistochemical findings documenting immunological characterization and levels expression HDAF these pigs. Methods. Animals from 30 independently derived lines were included this study. was characterized immunoprecipitation...
Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus suis, a global zoonotic pathogen of pigs, has been mostly studied only diseased animals using surveys that have not evaluated changes over time. We compared patterns between S. suis isolates from clinical cases disease (CC) and non-clinical case (NCC) pigs England, collected two discrete periods, 2009–2011 2013–2014. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) 17 antimicrobials (nine classes) were determined on 405 categorised by sampling period...
The usefulness of oral fluid (OF) sampling for surveillance infections in pig populations is already accepted but its value as a tool to support investigations porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) has been less well studied. This study set out describe detection patterns reproductive and syndrome virus (PRRSV), circovirus type 2 (PCV2), swine influenza A (SIV) Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyo) among farms showing differing severity PRDC. included six wean-to-finish batches from with...
Haemophilus parasuis is the etiologic agent of Glässer's disease in pigs and causes devastating losses to farming industry. Whilst some hyper-virulent isolates have been described, relationship between genetics outcome has only partially established. In particular, there weak correlation serovar phenotype. We sequenced genomes 212 H. used this describe pan-genome correlate with clinical carrier status, as well serotype. Recombination population structure analyses identified five groups very...
Problems with serological cross-reactivity have led to development of a number PCRs (individual and multiplex) for molecular typing Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent porcine pleuropneumonia. Most these assays were developed detection specific amplicons within capsule biosynthetic genes before availability complete sequences different serovars. Here we describe comparative analysis capsular loci all 18 serovars A. two multiplex comprehensive this important pig pathogen.
Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the gravest threats to human health and food security worldwide. The use of antimicrobials in livestock production can lead emergence AMR, which have direct effects on humans through spread zoonotic disease. Pigs pose a particular risk as they are source diseases receive more than most other livestock. Here we large-scale genomic approach characterise AMR Streptococcus suis , commensal found pigs, but also cause serious disease both...
Haemophilus parasuis is the causative agent of Glässer's disease, a systemic disease pigs, and also associated with pneumonia. H. can be classified into 15 different serovars. Here we report, from serotyping reference strains, DNA sequences loci containing genes for biosynthesis group 1 capsular polysaccharides, which are potential virulence factors this bacterium. We contend that these contain polysaccharide capsule structures, not lipopolysaccharide O antigen, supported by fact they such...
Purpose: In principle, a stationary digital breast tomosynthesis (s‐DBT) system has better image quality when compared to continuous motion DBT systems due zero blur of the source. The authors have developed s‐DBT by using linear carbon nanotube x‐ray source array. purpose current study was quantitatively evaluate performance system; and investigate dependence imaging on configuration parameters. Methods: Physical phantoms were used assess each including inplane resolution as measured...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between antimicrobial resistance profiles 96 clinical isolates Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, an important porcine respiratory pathogen, and identification (AMR) genes in whole genome sequence (wgs) data. Susceptibility nine agents (ampicillin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, tilmicosin, trimethoprim, tylosin) determined by agar dilution susceptibility test. Except for macrolides tested, elevated...
is one of the most important zoonotic bacterial pathogens pigs, causing significant economic losses to global swine industry.
Glaesserella parasuis strains were characterized by serotyping PCR, vtaA virulence marker Leader Sequence (LS)-PCR, clinical significance, and geographic region. Overall, the serovars 4, 5/12, 7, 1, 13 most commonly detected. Serovars of greatest relevance systemic isolates that had a higher probability being serovar 13, or 7. In comparison, pulmonary likelihood 2, 14. 5/12 have previously been considered disease-associated, but this study agrees with other recent studies showing 7 is indeed...
Shotgun metagenomics is a powerful tool to identify antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in microbiomes but has the limitation that extrachromosomal DNA, such as plasmids, cannot be linked with host bacterial chromosome. Here we present comprehensive laboratory and bioinformatics pipeline HAM-ART (Hi-C Assisted Metagenomics for Antimicrobial Resistance Tracking) optimised generation of metagenome-assembled genomes including both chromosomal AMR genes. We demonstrate performance study...
The use of irradiation the synovium in treatment rheumatoid arthritis is presented. A colloidal resin radioactive yttrium (90Y) or saline was injected intra-articularly into 44 knee joints under double blind conditions. Patients selected for had chronic effusions which were resistant to all forms therapy, other than surgical synovectomy. All patients followed up one year. There a sustained improvement joint range 13 cases (57 per cent) and circumference eight (35 (P < 0.005 0.05...
ABSTRACT An improved multiplex PCR, using redesigned primers targeting the serovar 3 capsule locus, which differentiates serovars 3, 6, and 8 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolates, is described. The new eliminate an aberrant 3-indicative amplicon found in some 6 clinical isolates. Furthermore, we have developed a PCR for detection of 1 to 5 8, 10, 12 along with apxIV , thus extending utility this diagnostic cover broader range
A case-control investigation was undertaken to determine management and health related factors associated with pleurisy in slaughter pigs England Wales. Methods The British Pig Executive Health Scheme database of abattoir pathology used identify 121 case (>10% prevalence on 3 or more assessment dates the preceding 24 months) control units (≤5% months). Farm data were collected by postal questionnaire. Data from respondents (70 cases 51 controls) analysed using simple logistic regression...