Exercise metabolism was examined in 13 endurance athletes who exercised on three occasions for 40 min at 70% of maximal O2 uptake an environmental chamber either 20 degrees C and 20% relative humidity (RTT) or before (PRE ACC) after (POST 7 days acclimation. the heat resulted a lower (P < 0.05) mean (0.13 l/min) higher 0.01) heart rate respiratory exchange ratio. Acclimation Postexercise rectal temperature, muscle blood lactate, glucose were PRE ACC than RTT trial, but all reduced POST...

The effects of sprint training on muscle metabolism and ion regulation during intense exercise remain controversial. We employed a rigorous methodological approach, contrasting these responses to exhaustion identical work before after training. Seven untrained men undertook 7 wk Subjects cycled at 130% pretraining peak oxygen uptake (PreExh) (PostExh), as well performing another posttraining test PreExh (PostMatch). Biopsies were taken rest immediately postexercise. After in PostMatch,...

This study examined the effects of elevated muscle temperature on metabolism during exercise. Seven active but untrained men completed two cycle ergometer trials for 2 min at a workload estimated to require 115% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) either without pretreatment (CT) or after having their thigh wrapped in heating blanket 60 before exercise (HT). HT increased (P < 0.01) (Tm) and resulted difference Tm between (delta = 1.9 +/- 0.1 degrees C, P 0.6 0.2 degree 0.05). did not affect rectal...

To examine the effect of sprint training on human skeletal muscle purine nucleotide metabolism, eight active untrained subjects completed a maximal 30-s bout cycle ergometer before and after 7 wk training. Resting ATP total adenine content were reduced (P &lt; 0.05) by 19 18%, respectively, Training resulted in 52% attenuation magnitude depletion exercise similar reduction accumulation inosine 5′-monophosphate ammonia. During recovery, 0.01) training, as was 0.05). Plasma ammonia higher...

Purpose: Studies that have attributed gains in lean body mass to dietary supplementation during resistance exercise (RE) training not reported these changes alongside adaptations at the cellular and subcellular levels. Therefore, purpose of this study was examine effects two popular supplements-whey protein (WP) creatine monohydrate (CrM) (both separately combination)-on composition, muscle strength, fiber-specific hypertrophy (i.e., type I, IIa, IIx), contractile accrual RE training....

Abstract Aim This study explored the effects of blood flow restriction ( BFR ) on mRNA responses PGC ‐1α (total, 1α1, and 1α4) Na + ,K ‐ ATP ase isoforms NKA ; α 1‐3 , β FXYD 1) to an interval running session determined whether these were related increased oxidative stress, hypoxia, fibre type‐specific AMPK Ca MKII signalling, in human skeletal muscle. Methods In a randomized, crossover fashion, 8 healthy men (26 ± 5 year 57.4 6.3 mL kg −1 min completed 3 exercise sessions: without CON or...

The aim of the present study was to examine effect creatine supplementation (CrS) on sprint exercise performance and skeletal muscle anaerobic metabolism during after exercise. Eight active, untrained men performed a 20-s maximal an air-braked cycle ergometer 5 days CrS [30 g (Cr) + 30 dextrose per day] or placebo (30 day). trials were separated by 4 wk, double-blind crossover design used. Muscle blood samples obtained at rest, immediately exercise, 2 min passive recovery. increased total Cr...

We examined the effects of short-term consumption whey protein isolate on muscle proteins and force recovery after eccentrically-induced damage in healthy individuals.Seventeen untrained male participants (23 ± 5 yr, 180 6 cm, 80 11 kg) were randomly separated into two supplement groups: i) (WPH; n = 9); or ii) carbohydrate (CHO; 8). Participants consumed 1.5 g/kg.bw/day (~30 g immediately, then once with breakfast, lunch, afternoon evening meal) for a period 14 days following unilateral...

Recent studies report that depletion and repletion of muscle taurine (Tau) to endogenous levels affects skeletal contractility in vitro. In this study, Tau content was raised above by supplementing male Sprague-Dawley rats with 2.5% (wt/vol) drinking water for 2 wk, after which extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were examined vitro contractile properties, fatigue resistance, recovery from two different high-frequency stimulation bouts. supplementation increased approximately 40%...

Intermittent fasting (IF) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) are effective lifestyle interventions for improving body composition overall health. However, the long-term effects of IF potential synergistic combining with exercise unclear. The purpose study was to investigate IF, or without HIIT, on markers metabolic health in diet-induced obese mice. In a randosmised, controlled design, 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice (males (n = 39) females 49)) were fed fat (HF) sugar (S) water diet (30%...

To examine the effect of blunting rise in body temperature on exercise metabolism, seven endurance‐trained men cycled for 40 min at 65% maximal oxygen consumption (VO2,max) an environmental chamber either 20 degrees C and 20% relative humidity (RH) (T20) or 3 approximately 50% RH (T3). The trials were conducted random order least 1 week apart. Mean (VO2) during was not different when comparing two trials. In contrast, mean respiratory exchange ratio (RER) lower (P &lt; 0.05) T20 compared...

The present study evaluated the effects of creatine monohydrate (CrM) consumption post-exercise on body composition and muscle strength in middle to older males following a 12-week resistance training program.In double-blind, randomized trial, 20 aged between 55 70 years were randomly assigned consume either CrM-carbohydrate (CHO) [20 g days(-1) CrM + 5 CHO × 7 days, then 0.1 kg(-1) days (average dosage ~8.8 g)] or placebo (20 days) while participating high intensity program [3 sets 10...

Beetroot juice, which is rich in nitrate (NO 3 − ), has been shown some studies to decrease oxygen consumption (V̇o 2 ) for a given exercise workload, i.e., increasing efficiency and tolerance. Few have examined the effect of beetroot juice or supplementation on metabolism. Eight healthy recreationally active males participated three trials involving ingestion either (Beet; ∼8 mmol NO Placebo (nitrate-depleted Beet), Beet + mouthwash (Beet+MW), all were performed randomized single-blind...

β-alanine (BAl) and NaHCO3 (SB) ingestion may provide performance benefits by enhancing concentrations of their respective physiochemical buffer counterparts, muscle carnosine blood bicarbonate, counteracting acidosis during intense exercise. This study examined the effect BAl SB co-supplementation as an ergogenic strategy high-intensity Eight healthy males ingested either (4.8 g day−1 for 4 weeks, increased to 6.4 2 weeks) or placebo (Pl) (CaCO3) 6 in a crossover design (6-week washout...

The rs9939609 polymorphism of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene has been associated with obesity, studies have also shown that environmental/lifestyle interaction such as dietary intake might mediate this effect. current study investigates postprandial hormonal regulators hunger indirect markers substrate utilisation metabolic flexibility following a challenge to determine if suppression circulating ghrelin levels and/or reduced exist between FTO genotypes. One hundred forty...

Abstract Arising from the ablation of cytoskeletal protein dystrophin, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a debilitating and fatal skeletal muscle wasting disease underpinned by metabolic insufficiency. The inability to facilitate adequate energy production may impede calcium (Ca 2+ ) buffering within, regenerative capacity of, dystrophic muscle. Therefore, increasing metabogenic potential could represent an effective treatment avenue. aim our study was determine efficacy adenylosuccinic...

There is evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling required for normal increases in glucose uptake during contraction of isolated mouse skeletal muscle, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) involved. The aim this study was to determine whether ROS involved the regulation disposal AMPK activation moderate-intensity exercise humans. Nine healthy males completed 80 min cycle ergometry at 62 +/- 1% peak consumption ( V(O(2)peak).A 6,6-(2)H-glucose tracer infused rest exercise, a...

This study aimed to investigate carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse response on neuromuscular activity, fuel oxidation rates, and cycling performance with different initial levels of endogenous CHO availability.In a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled design, eight males completed six experimental trials: (6.4% maltodextrin) or placebo solution in fed state (FED), 12-h fasted (FAST), combined exercise-depleted muscle glycogen (DEP). Trials consisted 30-min at 90% gas exchange threshold,...

The influence of the number sprint bouts on purine loss was examined in nine men (age 24.8 +/- 1.6 yr, weight 76 3.9 kg, peak O(2) consumption 3.87 0.16 l/min) who performed either one (B1), four (B4), or eight (B8) 10-s sprints a cycle ergometer, 1 wk apart, randomized order. Forearm venous plasma inosine, hypoxanthine (Hx), and uric acid concentrations were measured at rest during 120 min recovery. Urinary Hx, excretion also before 24 h after exercise. During first recovery, inosine Hx...

Whey protein isolates (WPI) supplementation is known to improve resistance training adaptations. However, limited information available on the effects of WPI plus carbohydrate (CHO) endurance adaptations.Six trained male cyclists and triathletes (age 29 ± 4 years, weight 74 2 kg, VO2 max 63 3 ml oxygen. kg-1. Min-1, height 183 5 cm; mean SEM) were randomly assigned one two dietary interventions in a single blind cross over design; CHO or + WPI. Each intervention was followed for 16 days...

Exercise at 50-60 % of peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) stimulates maximal fat oxidation rates. Despite a lower estimated work performed; high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) training produces greater mass reductions when compared with workload-matched continuous (CON) steady state exercise. No metabolic basis has been documented nor mechanisms offered to explain this anomaly. This study investigated the physiological and responses two different protocols.On separate occasions least...