Abstract Working in the context of linear model y = Xβ + ε, we generalize concept variance inflation as a measure collinearity to subset parameters β (denoted by 1, with associated columns X given 1). The essential idea underlying this generalization is examine impact on precision estimation—in particular, size an ellipsoidal joint confidence region for 1—of less-than-optimal selection other design matrix (X 2), treating still 0) unalterable, even hypothetically. In typical applications, 1...

Abstract Working in the context of linear model y = Xβ + ε, we generalize concept variance inflation as a measure collinearity to subset parameters β (denoted by 1, with associated columns X given 1). The essential idea underlying this generalization is examine impact on precision estimation—in particular, size an ellipsoidal joint confidence region for 1—of less-than-optimal selection other design matrix (X 2), treating still 0) unalterable, even hypothetically. In typical applications, 1...

Estimation of premorbid IQ in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is clinically and scientifically valuable because it permits the quantification cognitive impact injury. This achieved by comparing performances on tests current ability to estimates IQ, thereby enabling capacity be interpreted light preinjury ability. However, validity that are commonly used for TBI has been questioned. In present study, we examined psychometric properties a recently developed test, Wechsler Test Adult Reading...

Visual insights into a wide variety of statistical methods, for both didactic and data analytic purposes, can often be achieved through geometric diagrams geometrically based graphs. This paper extols illustrates the virtues ellipse her higher-dimensional cousins these purposes in contexts, including linear models, multivariate models mixed-effect models. We emphasize strong relationships among matrix-algebraic solutions geometry that easily understood terms ellipses.

Abstract Birnbaum (1962a) argued that the conditionality principle (C) and sufficiency (S) implied likelihood (L); he then (Birnbaum 1972) C a mathematical equivalence M L. Evans, Fraser, Monette (1985a) gave reference details, this paper gives proof alone implies The level of support by profession for L is sharply less than S or even C; thus paradoxical nature these results. In regard, we elaborate on example (Fraser, Monette, Ng 1984), which provides strong case against We also examine...

Clinically depressed individuals have consistently been shown to demonstrate a bias for overgeneral autobiographical memory (ABM) disclosure, strategy used protect against the access of intense, primary emotions that may accompany specific memories. The present study examined how ABM specificity in client narratives was related expressed emotional arousal brief emotion-focused and client-centred psychotherapy depression. Emotion episodes identified two early-, middle-, late-therapy...

Background: Concussion is the most common athletic injury in youth who are simultaneously undergoing rapid developmental changes brain, specifically development of executive functions (EF). The developing brain more vulnerable to concussive with a protracted and different trajectory recovery than that adults. Thus, there critical need enhance understanding how concussion affects EF youth.Objective: To investigate effects age, gender history (i.e. incidence, recency, severity) on hockey...

Overgeneral autobiographical memory (ABM) disclosure has been established as a key cognitive marker of clinical depression in experimental research studies. To determine the ecological validity these findings for psychotherapy treatments depression, present study investigated relationship between change level and ABM specificity context early, middle, late therapy session transcripts selected from 34 clients undergoing emotion-focused client-centered York I Depression Study. A hierarchical...

Moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with progressive cognitive decline in the chronic stages a small number of studies.This study aimed to (i) replicate our previous findings from 1 3+ years post-injury larger, non-overlapping sample and (ii) extend these by examining proportion decliners 2 earlier time windows, investigating novel predictors decline.N = 48 patients moderate-severe TBI underwent neuropsychological assessment at 2, 5, 12 months, 30+ months...

This study investigated longitudinal trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms following moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), predictors the trajectories, associations with 1-year return to productivity. One hundred forty-eight patients TBI were assessed at 2, 5, 12, ≥36 months post-injury on Beck Anxiety Inventory Depression Inventory. Clinical interviews obtained information about demographics, characteristics, Latent growth mixture modeling identified depression across...

ABSTRACTABSTRACTThis clinical study examined the impact of eight predictors (age at stroke, stroke type, lesion size, location, time since neurologic severity, seizures post-stroke, and socioeconomic status) on neurocognitive functioning following pediatric stroke. Youth with a history ischemic or hemorrhagic (n = 92, ages six to 25) underwent neuropsychological testing caregivers completed parent-report questionnaires. Hospital records were accessed for medical history. Spline regressions,...

The objective of this study was to describe the effect concussion on upper and lower body strength in children youth athletes. participant group made up 178 unique male female ice hockey players (ages 8-14 years). Using a 3-year prospective longitudinal research design, baseline post-concussion data hand grip strength, jump tests, leg maximal voluntary contraction were collected. linear mixed-effects model, no significant differences found when comparing performance individuals who went...

Longitudinal psychological test results are used as dependent variables to explore the complex relationship between length of coma, time testing on recovery curve, and corresponding cognitive status after traumatic brain injury (TBI). A database containing 319 TBI patients with a broad spectrum coma duration was used. Statistical analysis mixed effects modelling applied longitudinal WAIS-R (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised) scores construct two mathematical models (verbal IQ...

Longitudinal neuroimaging studies aid our understanding of recovery mechanisms in moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, there is a dearth longitudinal functional connectivity research. Our aim was to characterize patterns two clinically important networks, the frontoparietal network (FPN) and default mode (DMN), TBI. This inception cohort study prospectively collected data used resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) FPN DMN. Forty adults with TBI (mean ± standard...