Abstract Biomass gasification is widely recognized as an effective method to obtain renewable energy. To accurately predict the syngas and tar compositions a challenge. A chemical reaction kinetics model based on comprehensive proposed simulate downdraft biomass gasification. The kinetic validated by direct comparison experimental results of two gasifiers available in literature found be more accurate than used Gibbs energy‐minimizing (GEM model). then applied investigate effects equivalence...

A process simulation model was developed for the anaerobic digestion (AD) used biogas generation. Aspen Plus software this purpose. The predicts production of from any substrate at given condition. This validated against a variety industrial data on digestion. four steps (Hydrolysis, Acidogenesis, Acetogenesis, Methanogenesis) with total 46 reactions that represent AD were simulated appropriate kinetics. Sensitivity analysis implemented 5, 10, 20 and 30% substrates concentrations to increase...

Biomass and refuse-derived fuel are prevalent constituents of municipal solid waste worldwide, exerting persistent pressures on environmental ecosystems. Consequently, there arises a critical necessity for their effective recycling management. This study investigates the co-pyrolysis corn stover (CS) Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) in 1:1 mass ratio through kinetic thermodynamic analyses. Using thermogravimetric analyzer differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), process is examined within...

The most common scale-up approach for gas–solids fluidized beds is based on matching the governing dimensionless parameters. In literature, this has been validated only by means of measuring global parameters between different sizes beds. However, such measurements are not sufficient to depict all interplaying hydrodynamic phenomena and hence verify relationships. Therefore, assess approach, an advanced optical probe pressure transducer measurement techniques have applied quantify local in...

Energy poverty, defined as a lack of access to reliable electricity and reliance on traditional biomass resources for cooking, affects over billion people daily. The World Health Organization estimates that household air pollution from inefficient stoves causes more premature deaths than malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS). Increasing demand energy has led dramatic increases in carbon emissions. need limiting emissions drives research Resil-ient Hybrid Systems (RHES) provide low-carbon through...

The present paper deals with the treatment of phosphate obtained from a commercial sample Akashat ore in hydrochloric acid. factors studied are effects temperature dissolution, acid concentration, and time required for mixing phases. experiments were performed 100 kg/m3 solid/liquid ratio, size particles ranged 125-140 μm, initial concentrations 20, 30 40 wt% HCl, dissolution was kept constant at 30, 40, 50, 60 70 oC. results indicated that percentage P2O5 increases as HCl concentration...

Energy poverty, defined as a lack of access to reliable electricity and reliance on traditional biomass resources for cooking, affects over billion people daily. The World Health Organization estimates that household air pollution from inefficient stoves causes more premature deaths than malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS. Increasing demand energy has led dramatic increases in emissions. need limiting emissions drives research Resilient Hybrid Systems (RHESs), which provide cleaner through...

Small modular reactors (SMR) (<300 MW) offer a potentially attractive nuclear energy option for the middle-east region (MER). Currently, MER uses significant amount of fossil fuel to process heat applications such as water desalination and in petroleum refineries chemical plants, besides generating electricity. SMR technologies represent an opportunity meet future demand MER. This paper discusses issues related development use technology nuclear-renewable hybrid systems...

Two-stage anaerobic reactors are being widely used in the organic waste management industry. In these reactors, up to one-third of chemical oxygen demand (COD) content is naturally pre-acidified a first stage pre-acidification (PA) and then fed second digester for conversion methane. Traditionally, all generated gases from PA tank will be vented atmosphere. Hydrogen carbon dioxide main tank. A pilot-scale two-stage expanded granular sludge bed reactor was fabricated investigate impact gas...

Tar is considered the main barrier to commercial power generation when using biomass gasification as it causes serious environmental issues, even after incorporating an efficient removal system. Moreover, existing tar compositions contain high energy levels, thus lowering heating value of produced syngas. In this paper, was blended with three types plain at ratios up 10%; and were gasified together different equivalence ratios. recycling found beneficial syngas compositions. The size...