Foreign language (FL) teachers and students may have very similar or disparate notions of effective teaching, the intersection two sets beliefs has ramifications for learning effectiveness instruction. Horwitz (1990) , Kern (1995) Schulz (1996) argued that mismatches between FL students' teachers' expectations can negatively affect satisfaction with class potentially lead to discontinuation study. The principal objectives this study were identify compare, overall by teacher, ideals teacher...

To investigate the effect of using negatively oriented items, we wrote semantic reversals items in Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, UCLA Loneliness and General Belongingness Scale used them to create four experimental conditions. Participants ( N = 2,019) were recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Data assessed for dimensionality, item functioning, instrument properties, associations with other variables. Regarding although a two-factor model (positively vs. factors) exhibits better fit...

This article provides, first, a brief review of literature concerning the education Hispanic American (Latino/a) students at secondary and postsecondary levels and, second, results questionnaire research conducted with Latino/a Anglo-American (White) large university in Southwest regarding classroom participation patterns. students' responses reflected traditional values (i.e., community cooperation) when compared to White responses. However, intriguing similarities counterintuitive from...

Abstract: Efforts to fund the teaching of critical languages, along with increasing enrollments in less commonly taught language (LCTL) classes, have evidenced a renewed interest LCTL pedagogy. While much is known about enrollment trends, materials development, and professional training, far research has compared (CTL) students. Students from 83 classes (nine different languages) at large university completed questionnaire containing items requesting demographic academic information. The...

This article examines students’ perceptions of the relationship between service-learning component a four-week study-abroad program in Ecuador and development their linguistic cultural competency. The data come from two sources: (1) responses to survey composed Likert-scale rank-order items (2) student journals written for an introductory translation course after completion several service projects relative dental care hygiene. quantitative solicited students´ effectiveness other...

Abstract Though work in the area of photovoice (in which students take photos to structure a dialogue that can serve advance social action as community responds participants’ perspectives and locates them solution-generation) has been conducted science education research focus on learner’s experiences, little done showcase members’ resulting from experience—though it is here holds most potential effect positive change locally. The presented here, during study abroad course taught Costa Rica,...

Abstract Using a data set exclusively prepared for and licensed to them by the College Board, authors examined growth of Advanced Placement program in foreign languages overall trends regard number candidates who sat language exams, their gender, scores, ethnicity over 36‐year period covering 1979 2014. Results indicated that while all exams grew, Spanish Language Culture exam demonstrated exponential unparalleled any other exam. While scores have varied based on iteration exam, they...

The ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) and accompanying proficiency guidelines have become a mainstay in academic foreign language assessment. In 2006, an asynchronous electronic interface of the OPI was made available which candidates are asked to record themselves responding questions delivered aurally via computer, labeled Interview-computer (OPIc). Thompson, Cox, Knapp (2016) found that both instruments produced similar results but many students their sample who scored at Advanced...

Abstract This article presents preliminary data correlating students' scores on measures of speaking, listening, and reading with their grades in Spanish courses. As might be expected, students higher generally scored performance assessments than did classmates lower course grades. However, large score ranges resulted within a single letter grade. In addition, some low rather well certain while high had scores. sum, the relationship between grades, GPA, level as evidenced by these were far...

This method of modelling liquidity risk uses a ``bottom-up'' approach. Real bank data has been used and transformed for both ease use security. Identifying the degree enables to take action avert problem areas overall bring accountability management in individual units within institution. Critical problems identified include availability---the set task is identify worst 3 days 10,000---and possible confounding with market risk.

The growth in the number of Spanish heritage language learners languages for specific purposes classes has been accompanied by an increase and types community service learning programs which these students can participate to better prepare them future employment opportunities. In spite classroom, few studies have looked at this setting even fewer role that play developing learners' domain-specific abilities. Through analysis research areas learners, purposes, learning, article discusses...

María's experiences as an immigrant learning English in the southwestern United States parallel those of others who desire to improve their but lack time or resources enroll ESL classes. María was originally observed during conversation and interviewed Spanish assess her awareness use effective language-learning strategies on own; however, data collection it became apparent that not alone at all. The role teenage daughter Rosa played mediating mother's second language identity construction...

This article presents a descriptive analysis of the evolution world language Advanced Placement (AP) exam candidates’ ethno-racial background, their heritage learner status, and dominance, with particular emphasis on two Spanish exams. The data come from aggregated national totals prepared by College Board that include ethnicity, score, taken 1979 to 1993 as well gender, status (2004–14), dominance (1994–2014). For four seven modern exams other than English, 74% or more candidates identified...