Reducing corruption and improving citizen satisfaction are important aims of government, yet the link between these two policy has rarely been explored. This article reports a study into roles played by transparency trust in relationship governmental with public services. The was based on data gathered South Korea to evaluate specific initiative that had sought reduce increase works programmes. indicated moderated partially mediated trust. Points for practitioners sheds light services, thus...

The purpose of this study was to investigate external whistleblowers' experiences workplace bullying by superiors and colleagues, analyze how the influenced factors such as support they received from government or NGOs, whether colleagues understood reasons for whistleblower's actions. For we also examined what extent superiors' behavior towards whistleblower. We reviewed relevant literature on negative retaliatory actions developed three hypotheses, which tested using data gathered Korean...

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the relationship between ethics programmes and ethical culture, their impact on misconduct. Design/methodology/approach A theoretical model which posits culture be a mediating variable in misconduct was tested using data from national survey of Korean public service organizations. Findings The indicates is fully mediated by culture. Only two six elements an programme had significant effect before controlled for, when none did however appear strengthen...

Assessing the effectiveness of artificial structures as a monitoring tool for benthic diversity in temperate reefs is crucial to determining their relevance reef conservation and management. In this study, we utilized Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) evaluate sessile communities that colonized ARMS units after 12 34 months immersion within distinct habitats (coral-dominated macroalgae-dominated habitats) Jeju Island, Korea. We used two methods: image analysis plates DNA...

Blowing the whistle is a pro-social behaviour which can be highly effective if wrongdoing could corrected without any adverse consequences for person alleging or reporting it. However it also risky and cost whistleblowers their jobs economic security as well physical health mental well-being. The purpose of this study was to identify negative effects—physical, behavioral, emotional, mental—of whistleblowing examine impact on these effects dismissal, number employees who blew in group,...

Abstract The purpose of this study was to inquire into the relative importance morality, cost‐benefit, and emotion as motivations for decision blow whistle externally, effects such factors motivations, perceived negative consequences, preferences reform on intention again. Based a literature review, we formulated some hypotheses and, test them, used data collected from survey 127 external whistleblowers in South Korea. results revealed that morality most important motivation, followed by...

Abstract This study examines the influence of some suspected sources bias on perceptions public sector corruption. These include dependence two types media as information about corruption: traditional and social media, positive perception employees, identification with employees. Data were collected through a face‐to‐face survey general in South Korea. The sample comprised 472 respondents evenly dispersed across country. Through regression analysis, we found that media—but not...

Résumé La réduction de la corruption et l’amélioration satisfaction des citoyens sont objectifs importants pour l’État, mais le lien entre ces deux stratégiques n’a que rarement été étudié. Le présent article présente une étude sur rôle joué par transparence confiance dans relation gouvernementale à l’égard services publics. Cette se fondait données recueillies en Corée du Sud afin d’évaluer initiative bien précise qui visait réduire améliorer programmes travaux Ces indiquaient était modérée...

Objective The purpose of this study is to provide accurate understanding clinical presentations and surgical outcomes as well identify the unique characteristics lower lumbar osteoporotic compression fracture (OCF). Methods Clinical data were collected from 120 patients who had L3, L4 or L5 percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) performed 2008 2012 at single institute. PVP classified into group 1 2 was for L3 patients. Medical records retrospectively investigated month after PVP. Long term...

Heavy metals in the mangrove sediments of Chuuk and Kosrae, Federated States Micronesia were analyzed to examine pollution levels heavy using enrichment factor (EF) load index (PLI). The mean concentrations Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd Pb surface 642, 125, 46.9, 149, 15.6, 0.14 8.55 μg, respectively. Kosrae showed highest Cr Ni while contains more other such as Pb. Compared those from regions world, As at higher whereas lower median levels. In core sediment Chuuk, metal upper part than part. Based...

Surveys are a commonly used means of measuring transparency levels, but they potentially vulnerable to perceptual biases. This study sought examine differences by the respondents’ identities as general citizens or public employees, and possible negative perceptions that one group may have other concerning responses survey-based measure transparency. The survey was designed on basis existing literature, suggesting has up six facets. Two samples were taken: from who visited district offices...

Objective : We investigated the locations of compressing vessels in hemifacial spasm.To approach compression sites, we described and evaluated efficacy infranuchal infrafloccular (INIF) approach.Methods A retrospective review 31 consecutive patients who underwent microvascular decompression (MVD) through INIF with a minimum follow-up 1 year was performed.Along intracranial facial nerve, classified sites into transitional zone (TRZ), central nervous system (CNS) segment peripheral (PNS)...

Administrative transparency is an emerging concept guiding reform in government administration. This study examines the problems of administrative Korean local and suggests policy measures for improving it. The main questions this are: what are theoretical constructs consequences needed? To answer questions, author conceptualizes seeks a framework. After analyzing major transparency-related policies government, alternatives that can be introduced to further steps recommended here include...

The distribution of coral reefs can be an indicator environmental or anthropogenic impacts. Here, we present a habitat map developed using high-spatial satellite images. study area was located on the north-eastern part Weno island, in Chuuk lagoon Federated States Micronesia. Two fieldwork expeditions were carried out between 2007 and 2008 to acquire optical data from 121 stations. We used IKONOS image obtained December 2000, Kompsat-2 September for purpose reef mapping. employed adapted...

The aim of this study is to suggest an optimal survey method for coastal habitat monitoring around Weno Island in Chuuk Atoll, Federated States Micronesia (FSM). This was carried out compare and analyze differences between situ (PHOTS) high spatial satellite imagery (Worldview-2) with regard the distribution patterns Island. field data showed following coverage types: sand 42.4%, seagrass 26.1%, algae 14.9%, rubble 8.9%, hard coral 3.5%, soft 2.6%, dead 1.5%, others 0.1%. 26.5%, 23.3%, +...

We examined the effect of salt marsh vegetation on benthic environment in macro-tidal flats at Donggeomdo, Ganghwa, west coast Korea. Nine stations were established along a transect across tidal flats, including marsh, and field sampling was conducted monthly from July 1997 to June 1998. During study period, environmental parameters fluctuated as follows: salinity, 15.0 28.2 psu, exposure time, 613 702 hr/m, inundation 28 117 sediment organic carbon, 0.71 1.34%, nitrogen, 0.07 0.16%, sulfur...

For an efficient management and utilization of marine biodiversity information, we made attempt to develop the Korea Marine Biodiversity Information System (KoMBIS), building a species name inventory organisms. The includes 17 organism groups: phytoplankton, zooplankton, algae halophyte, sponges, cnidarians, rotifers, nematodes, bryozoans, brachiopods, molluscs, echiurans, annelids, arthropods, echinoderms, urochordates fish. names were collected from 37 different references reviewed for...