Lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) is a promising integration platform for various applications, such as optical communication, microwave photonics, and nonlinear optics. To make niobate (LN) photonic integrated circuits (PICs) more practical, low-loss fiber–chip coupling essential. In this Letter, we propose experimentally demonstrate silicon nitride (SiN) assisted tri-layer edge coupler on LNOI platform. The consists of bilayer LN taper an interlayer structure composed 80 nm-thick SiN...

The detection of forced oscillations, especially distinguishing them from natural has emerged as a major concern in power system stability monitoring. Deep learning (DL) holds significant potential for detecting oscillations correctly. However, existing artificial neural networks (ANNs) face challenges when employed edge devices timely due to their inherent complex computations and high consumption. This paper proposes novel hybrid network that integrates spiking recurrent (SRNN) with long...

TE/TM-pass polarizers based on the lithium niobate-silicon nitride hybrid platform are numerically proposed for first time, to best of our knowledge. By utilizing lateral leakage a shallowly etched rib waveguide, 1-mm-long with high extinction ratios 28.72/24.03 dB obtained. Because anisotropy niobate, TE/TM polarization modes can occur along crystallographic z/y directions, respectively. Such be integrated in same wafer.

A four-channel coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) (de)multiplexer on a thin film lithium niobate–silicon rich nitride hybrid platform has been designed, fabricated, and experimentally measured. Enabled by cascaded multimode waveguide Bragg gratings, the box-like spectral response, wide 1-dB bandwidth (10 nm), low excess loss ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>1.08</mml:mn>...

In this paper, we present a novel transmission line architecture in thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) platforms to improve the velocity match between microwave and optical wave. Compared conventional coplanar waveguide (CPW), index (n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> ) of proposed slotted electrodes can be optimized from 2.1 3 while maintaining high modulation efficiency 50-Ω impedance match. Equivalent-circuit model...

A four-mode (de-)multiplexer with transverse electric field light ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">T</mml:mi> mathvariant="normal">E</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:math> ) is experimentally demonstrated on a thin film lithium niobate–silicon rich nitride hybrid platform. Enabled by cascaded asymmetrical...

In this work, we report a linearity-enhanced dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) on thin-film lithium niobate platform. By setting the optical and electrical splitting ratios at specific condition, third-order intermodulation distortions (IMD3) of child MZMs cancel with each other, whereas first-order harmonics (FH) reach maximum. Passive devices instead thermo-optical switches are used to control power phase MZMs, which greatly improve device stability simplify operation complexity....

An on-chip 64-channel hybrid (de)multiplexer for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and mode-division (MDM) is designed demonstrated on a 220 nm SOI platform the demands of large capacity optical interconnections. The includes 4-channel mode 16-channel (de)multiplexers. comprised cascaded asymmetric directional couplers supporting coupling between fundamental TE higher-order modes with low crosstalks in wide wavelength range. (de)multiplexers consist two bi-directional micro-ring...

We propose and demonstrate a Michelson interferometer modulator with integrated Bragg reflectors on silicon-rich nitride–thin-film lithium niobate hybrid platform. High-reflectivity are placed at the ends of both arms, which double electro-optic (E-O) interaction length reduce velocity mismatch between microwave optical wave. The presented achieves measured half-wave voltage product as low 1.06 V cm high-speed modulation up to 70 Gbps. A 3-dB E-O bandwidth beyond 40 GHz is also achieved, is,...

In this paper, a silicon rich nitride–lithium niobate on insulator hybrid platform with waveguides and several key components is proposed. The propagation loss of the rib-loaded waveguide (300 × 300 nm2) 0.86 dB/cm at 1550 nm. Passive devices, including adiabatic power splitters, multimode interferometer-based asymmetrical Mach–Zehnder interferometers, Bragg grating filters, are fully designed characterized. Moreover, we report modulator high-speed modulation up to 120 GBaud without digital...

A grating coupler on a thin film <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:math> -cut lithium niobate–silicon rich nitride hybrid platform is proposed and demonstrated. An inverse taper applied to suppress higher-order mode excitation. coupling efficiency of <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>5.82</mml:mn> <mml:mspace width="thickmathspace"/> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi>...

We propose a novel optical 1×2 power splitter based on an asymmetric ladder-shaped multimode interference (MMI) coupler in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) which has ultra-compact size of 3.3 µm×2.4 µm. A trapezoid with small region is removed from the bottom left corner MMI to achieve variable splitting ratio. The comparison rectangular numerically analyzed. By carefully optimizing width input taper, proposed shows low phase deviation for two output ports while keeping both low-loss performance...

In this paper, an on-chip photonic sampled and quantized analog-to-digital converter (ADC) on thin-film lithium niobate platform is experimentally demonstrated. Using two phase modulators as a sampler 5×5 multimode interference (MMI) coupler quantizer, 1 GHz sinusoidal analog input signal was successfully converted to digitized output with 20 GSample/s sampling rate. To evaluate the system performance, quantization curves together transfer function of ADC were measured. The experimental...

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a passive compact interleaver on silicon insulator (SOI) platform using ring-assisted asymmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometer configuration. The wavelength-insensitive couplers, i.e., multimode interference couplers adiabatic 3-dB are introduced to eliminate the effect of an unequal splitting ratio wavelength crosstalk operating spectral range. In addition, there exists inherent phase shift between two couplers; device can be fully works well...

In this letter, we experimentally demonstrate the first slow-light Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) on a hybrid ithin-film Lithium Niobate platform. The Bragg grating waveguides are served as phase shifters, which enhance modulation efficiency with effect. Compared large-signal (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">π</sub> · L = 0.67 V·cm) and an ultra-compact footprint (0.3 mm ×1.2 mm). Data transmission up to 60 Gbps on-chip insertion...

Mn-doped ZnTe nanoparticles with various degrees of Mn-doping from 3 at.% to 18 were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. A single-phase zinc-blende-structured sample was obtained only at the level at.%, while impurity phase MnO present in samples higher Mn-doping. In all samples, Mn valence states lower than 2+. All exhibited both ferromagnetism and paramagnetism. The is mainly attributable overlapping bound magnetic polarons paramagnetism caused isolated ions. Samples that doped 6 also...

A 32-channel hybrid (de)multiplexer on silicon is designed and experimentally demonstrated to enable polarization division multiplexing (PDM) wavelength (WDM) for improving the capacity of optical communication links. The realized by monolithically integrating a rotator splitter (PRS) two 16-channel microring resonators (MRRs) arrays. through cross ports PRS are connected bus waveguide MRR arrays, respectively. In order ensure larger free spectrum range (FSR) cover all channels, radius about...

In this work, we design, model, and characterize the Bragg grating modulator (BGM) on silicon-rich nitride thin-film lithium niobate (SRN-TFLN) platform. particular, slow-light effect electro-optical modulation response is modeled experimentally validated. The presented shows a 3-dB (E-O) bandwidth beyond 40 GHz, which agrees well with simulation results. High-speed up to 60 Gbps 70 are obtained extinction ratio (ER) of 4.7 dB 2.7 dB, respectively. A measured efficiency 2.47 pm/V also...

In this paper, we demonstrate a silicon forward-biased positive intrinsic negative (PIN) Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), which has two operating states of high efficiency and speed. The are switched by changing the position where electric signal is loaded. incorporates PIN phase shifter integrated with passive resistance capacitance (RC) equalizer (PIN-RC), expands electro-optic (E-O) bandwidth equalizing it modulation efficiency. fabricated exhibits low insertion loss 1.29 dB in compact...

In this work, we propose a mode-conversion-based chirped Bragg grating on thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN). The device is mainly composed of 4.7-mm long asymmetric and an adiabatic directional coupler (ADC). mode conversion introduced by the ADC allows operates in reflection without using off-chip circulator. proposed has experimentally achieved total time delay 73.4 ps over operating bandwidth 15 nm. This shows excellent compatibility with other devices TFLN, making it suitable...