While social media platforms are often assumed to be sites of speaking, they also important knowing, where businesses use content produced by individuals in order understand markets and make predictions their own position importance. This article considers knowledge production the context influencer marketing, a growing industry which users ranked according measures influence compensated for promoting products online. Working from press, technical documentation interviews with tool...

Abstract This study presents a greenhouse gas (GHG) life cycle assessment of 1 tonne wheat transported to port in south‐western Australia, including emissions from prefarm, onfarm and postfarm stages. The prefarm stage included GHG agricultural machinery, fertiliser pesticide production. diesel use, liming nitrous oxide (N 2 O) N applications. grain storage transportation the port. decreased 487 304 kg carbon dioxide (CO ) equivalents when we used regional‐specific data for O instead IPCC...

Introduction. Many images generated by AI appear sexual in nature, and a great deal of attention is paid computer science to preventing systems from producing some forms content. Yet, despite the fact that sex seems be everywhere generative AI, we are saying little about how might intervene our sexualities. Approach. This exploratory essay argues for need consider sexuality relation draws on broad arguments contained Michel Foucault’s work set stage future work. Drawing Rieder’s concept...

Introduction. As governments increasingly release large datasets to the public, concerns have arisen regarding potential risks associated with inadvertent disclosure of personal information. However, there are few empirical case studies this phenomena. Method. Taking a red teaming approach, we collected nonprofit reporting documents from IRS, as well list professional athletes. Using standard data processing techniques, attempt identify and evaluate information that can be attached these...

The objective of this study was to develop crash modification factors for four treatment types: rectangular rapid-flashing beacon (RRFB), pedestrian hybrid (PHB), refuge island (RI), and advance yield or stop markings signs (AS). From 14 cities throughout the United States, 975 comparison sites were selected. Most selected at intersections on urban, multilane streets, because these locations present a high risk crashes are where countermeasures typically needed most. For each site, relevant...

Modern organizations often employ data scientists to improve business processes using diverse sets of data. Researchers and practitioners have both touted the benefits warned drawbacks associated with science big approaches, but few studies investigate how is carried out “on ground.” In this paper, we first review hype criticisms surrounding approaches. We then present findings semistructured interviews 18 analysts from various industries organizational roles. Using qualitative coding...

Much attention has been given to recent decisions in the field of EU citizenship, such as Dano and Alimanovic (Court Justice: judgment 11 November 2014, case C-333/13, Elisabeta Florin v. Jobcenter Leipzig ; 15 September 2015, C-67/14, Berlin Neukolln Nazifa Others ). It is often claimed that Court Justice undermined value Union citizenship order quell rising tide against immigration free movement persons within EU. This Article will depart from this commonly held view, by claiming rather...

.We develop a new Markov chain on graph partitions that makes relatively global moves yet is computationally feasible to be used as the proposal in Metropolis–Hastings method. Our resulting algorithm able sample from specified measure or spanning forests. Being requirement of what we consider gold standard quantifying extent which particular map gerrymander. modifies recently developed method called recombination (ReCom), draws trees joined and then randomly cuts them repartition. We improve...

In an effort to balance vehicular safety, mobility, and access, many transportation officials favor the use of raised median cross sections on highways. However, this decision leads much controversy from those opposed resulting lack direct driveway access. One issues in is effect increased U-turns at adjacent intersections. The purpose research was determine operational safety effects signalized analysis involved measurements vehicle headways exclusive left-turn lanes 14 Regression...

While the use of biodiesel appears to be a promising alternative petroleum fuel, replacement fossil fuel by biofuel may not bring about intended climate cooling because increased soil N2O emissions due N-fertilizer applications. Using life cycle assessment approach, we assessed influence nitrous oxide (N2O) on global warming potential production and combustion from canola oil produced in semiarid climate. Utilizing locally measured emissions, rather than Intergovernmental Panel Climate...

The primary objective of this study was to develop an index that would allow engineers, planners, and other practitioners prioritize intersection crosswalks with respect pedestrian safety. involved collecting data on crashes, conflicts, avoidance maneuvers as well subjective ratings video clips by professionals. Sixty-eight were selected for the analysis from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; San Jose, California; Miami–Dade County, Florida. A predictive model, safety (Ped ISI), developed...

To enable efficient searching and consistent interpretation of information, traditional metadata design practice emphasizes precisely delineated attributes. These sharp boundaries, however, reject data points that lie outside permissible values. For example, a Gender attribute with associated Male Female values may appear perfectly clear unambiguous, in line standards. Increasingly, people have begun to identify themselves as both, neither, other, or dynamic gender, rejecting cleanly...

Pedestrian safety is an important public health issue for the United States, with pedestrian fatalities representing approximately 16% of all traffic-related in 2016. Nationwide, transportation agencies are increasing their efforts to implement engineering-based improvements that increase safety. These need statistically rigorous crash modification factors (CMFs) demonstrate effectiveness such countermeasures, and apply benefit–cost analyses justify implementation. This study focused on...

In an effort to balance vehicular safety, mobility, and access, many transportation officials favor the use of raised median cross sections on highways. However, this decision leads much controversy from those opposed resulting lack direct driveway access. One issues in is effect increased U-turns at adjacent intersections. The purpose research was determine operational safety effects signalized analysis involved measurements vehicle headways exclusive left-turn lanes 14 Regression...

In this article, we consider the production of hip hop as a form collaborative labor. Drawing on an analysis 228 hip-hop groups, find that collaboration among artists has increased since 1980s. We contextualize pattern in relation to business practices music industry well broader labor trends United States. Ultimately, argue experience conditions are comparable those other U.S. workers; further, both groups workers adopt similar ideologies, accepting personal risk and downplaying loyalty companies.

Structured databases achieve effective searching and sorting by enacting sharply delineated category boundaries around their contents. While this enables precise retrieval, it also distorts identities that exist between lines. A choice Single Married, for example, blurs distinctions within the group: single, perhaps, merely because same-sex marriage is not legal in one's locality. Sociologists Susan Leigh Star Geoffrey Bowker describe such residual states as inevitable byproducts of...