Abstract A coupled model consisting of a multilayer urban canopy and building energy analysis has been developed to investigate the diurnal variations outdoor air temperature in office areas Tokyo, Japan. Observations numerical experiments have performed for two Tokyo. The main results obtained this study are as follows. accurately simulated weekday case which released waste heat calculated from consumption cooling load buildings. also holiday case. However, buildings little influence on...

A numerical study was conducted of the effects two nearby urban areas, one coastal and inland, on local circulations transport pollutants, using a 3D mesoscale incompressible hydrostatic atmospheric model. The Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model applied in model to pollutants. main experimental results are as follows: 1) “chain flow,” which flows downward from upper layer over area lower inland area, is formed sea-breeze front moves inland. 2) If an exists, induced sea-breeze–heat-island...

ABSTRACT In this study, we validated urban air temperature and electricity demand by a year‐round numerical simulation using regional climate model coupled with an canopy building energy ( RCM‐UCM + BEM ) in the Asian megacity, Osaka, which is largest metropolis Japan after Tokyo. The control CTRL ), was based on use of central air‐conditioning AC systems, reproduced surface temperatures observed Osaka City summer cooling interim seasons, but underestimated midnight to morning over 2 °C...

Abstract Future heat stress under six future global warming (Δ T GW ) scenarios (IPCC RCP8.5) in an Asian megacity (Osaka) is estimated using a regional climate model with urban canopy and air-conditioning (AC). An ‘stress’ island projected all = +0.5 to +3.0 °C 0.5 steps). Under Δ conditions, people outdoors experience ‘extreme’ stress, which could result dangerously high increases human body core temperature. AC-induced feedback roughly linearly as increases, reaching 0.6 (or 12% of the...

Abstract This study proposes a novel approach combining machine learning (ML) techniques with meteorological model simulations to evaluate the heat-related mortality reduction potential of climate change adaptation measure, namely, installation energy-saving or temperature-decreasing modifications in an urban area (e.g., greening, high-albedo paints, and photovoltaics). These methods have been used separately assess future health. The Weather Research Forecasting–Canopy-Building Energy Model...

Abstract This study proposes a novel approach combining machine learning (ML) techniques with meteorological model simulations to evaluate the heat-related mortality reduction potential of climate change adaptation measure, namely, installation energy-saving or temperature-decreasing modifications in an urban area (e.g., greening, high-albedo paints, and photovoltaics). These methods have been used separately assess future health. The Weather Research Forecasting–Canopy-Building Energy Model...

Abstract In this study, the summertime outdoor heat stress hazard and disorder risks (HDR) were simulated numerically using a mesoscale meteorological model combined with an urban canopy building energy model. Model grid maps including 23 wards of Tokyo (23 Tokyo), Japan, produced 1-km horizontal resolution for period July–September 2010. simulations daily maximum wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT max ), which was adopted as index, indicated spatial heterogeneity within Tokyo. The greater in...

In the current study, effects of topography and urbanization on daytime local-circulations in area Osaka—Kyoto plain were investigated using a mesoscale atmospheric model. The main results obtained from numerical observational data analyses are as follows: 1) stagnation inland penetration sea-breeze front that occurs peripheral portion Tokyo urban does not clearly occur Osaka area. is attributed to heat-island circulation develops over Because northern faces mountains, valley weakens...

Abstract The actual conditions of mesoscale summer high temperatures (HTs) recorded in the Osaka–Kyoto urban area Japan were investigated using an observation network. daytime observed on 10 HT events this highest southern Kyoto [area with no Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System (AMeDAS) sites]. To quantitatively evaluate formation mechanisms events, a heat budget analysis atmospheric column was conducted Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. results showed that over...

The interaction between urban air temperature (T) and building cooling energy demand (E) generates a well-known positive feedback (PFB), which is mediated by sensible anthropogenic heat (Qfs) named Qfs-T-E PFB in this study. This could induce self-reinforced warming areas, but its effects have not been completely quantified. Hence, study aimed to clarify these targeting Osaka, Japanese major city. Focusing on the from-weekends-to-weekdays increase consumption including E as an observable...

The moisture distribution near the ground surface in and around Japanese cities of Osaka Kyoto was investigated. From analysis observed data, atmosphere over suburban areas between coastal inland drier than that during daytime hours. This feature differs from results previous studies expectations based on urban heat budgets. To understand drying mechanism, numerical experiments were performed, using a simplified geometrical model consisting straight coastline, square area coast, area,...

This study provides a decade-long link between summer heatstroke incidence and certain heat stress indices in 47 prefectures of Japan. The results for each prefecture were determined from the age-adjusted rate (TRadj) with patients transported by ambulance, as well daily maximum temperature (TEMPmax), wet-bulb globe (WBGTmax), universal thermal climate index (UTCImax) recorded July to September 2010–2019. UTCImax relatively increased vulnerability many northern Japan more distinctly than...

Seasonal variations in the human activity signal ( HAS ) affecting urban temperature were analysed districts with offices and commercial buildings, apartment single‐family households area of O saka, J apan. Temperatures observed at building rooftops ground level 14 districts. Spatial temporal patterns identified for a combined spring autumn intermediate season, summer cooling winter heating season by observing differences between weekdays weekends after discounting naturally induced signal....

Abstract The “Hirodo-kaze,” a local strong wind accompanying the downslope winds in Japan, is examined using mesoscale numerical model. model successfully reproduces major features of observed Hirodo-kaze that occurred association with Typhoon Pabuk. During Hirodo-kaze, severe transitional flow develop lower troposphere below mean-state critical layer. closely linked to region winds. After cessation distinct mountain waves dominate where Scorer parameter l2 decreases height. retreats...

Abstract Climate-sensitive diseases developing from heat or cold stress threaten human health. Therefore, the future health risk induced by climate change and aging of society need to be assessed. We developed a prediction model for mortality due cardiovascular such as myocardial infarction cerebral infarction, which are weather sensitive, using machine learning (ML) techniques. evaluated daily ischaemic heart disease (IHD) cerebrovascular (CEV) in Tokyo Osaka City, Japan, during summer. The...

著者らが開発した都市気象・建物エネルギー連成数値モデルWRF-CM-BEMについて，都市の気象と太陽光発電を加味した電力需給の同時予測への適用に向けた検証を行った．都市域での従来に無い高解像度の全天日射量に加え，多地点の地上気温と変電所供給区域毎の電力需要量を2013年度に大阪で通年計測し，それらのモデルによる夏季の再現性を検証した．結果，日射量では晴天時実測値を誤差7%で再現可能な一方で曇天時には過大評価が顕著であったが，実測された都市域日射の空間不均一性の定性的傾向をモデルは概ね再現した．地上気温の再現精度は米国の類似モデルを上回り良好であり，電力需要では業務街の実需要を再現可能な一方で住宅街では40%程度の過大需要がシミュレートされた．検証を通じモデル改良の方向性を明確化できた．