A5032907709- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Kruppel-like factors research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Research in Cotton Cultivation
- Gut microbiota and health
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Natural Products and Biological Research
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
Eli Lilly (United States)
2013-2025
University of Missouri
2009-2017
Tufts University
2006-2011
Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
2006-2009
Cornell University
2002-2009
United States Department of Agriculture
2006-2009
We sought to determine the role of adipocyte death in obesity-induced adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and obesity complications.Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks induce obesity. Every 4 weeks, insulin resistance was assessed by intraperitoneal tolerance tests, epididymal (eAT) inguinal subcutaneous AT (iAT) livers harvested histological, immunohistochemical, gene expression analyses.Frequency eAT increased from <0.1% at baseline 16% week 12, coincident with increases...
Menopause, an age-related loss of ovarian hormone production, promotes increased adiposity and insulin resistance. However, the diet-independent mechanism by which function adipose tissue mass associated metabolic pathologies remains unclear. To address this question, we monitored food intake weight gain ovariectomized (OVX) mice sham OVX (SHM) for 12 wk. Although was similar, gained 25% more than SHM mice. Moreover, accumulated 4.7- 4.4-fold perigonadal inguinal weight, respectively, with...
Abstract In adipocytes, lipid droplet (LD) size reflects a balance of triglyceride synthesis (lipogenesis) and hydrolysis (lipolysis). Perilipin A (Peri A) is the most abundant phosphoprotein on surface adipocyte LDs has crucial role in storage lipolysis. Adipose lipase (ATGL) hormone‐sensitive (HSL) are major rate‐determining enzymes for lipolysis adipocytes. Each these proteins A, ATGL, HSL) been demonstrated to regulate release adipocyte. However, absence protein kinase (PKA) stimulation...
A primary target of the pleiotropic metabolic hormone FGF21 is adipose tissue, where it initiates a gene expression program to enhance energy expenditure, an effect presumed be centered on augmented UCP1 and activity. In null (UCP1KO) mice, we show that increase rate abolished. However, in contrast prior expectations, found increased UCP1-dependent thermogenesis only partially required achieve beneficial effects treatment. UCP1KO there appears underlying reduction food intake following...
Pediatric obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are on the rise in industrialized countries, yet our ability to mechanistically examine this relationship is limited by lack of a suitable higher animal models. Here, we examined effects high-fat, high-fructose corn syrup, high-cholesterol Western-style diet (WD)-induced NASH cecal microbiota dysbiosis juvenile Ossabaw swine. Juvenile female swine (5 wk old) were fed WD (43.0% fat; 17.8% syrup; 2% cholesterol) or low-fat (CON/lean;...
Short-term studies (< 5 d) involving abomasal infusion of a mixture CLA isomers or pure trans-10, cis-12 have demonstrated that supplements conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) reduce milk fat synthesis during established lactation in dairy cows. Our objective was to assess longer term effects supplementation using dietary supplement rumen-protected CLA. Thirty Holstein cows were blocked by parity and received either Ca-salts palm oil fatty (control) plus (CLA treatment). Supplements provided...
Background Perilipin A (PeriA) exclusively locates on adipocyte lipid droplets and is essential for storage lipolysis. Previously, we reported that specific overexpression of PeriA caused resistance to diet-induced obesity resulted in improved insulin sensitivity. In order better understand the biological basis this observed phenotype, performed additional studies transgenic mouse model. Methodology Principal Findings When compared control animals, whole body energy expenditure was increased...
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism; however, the precise regulation of these processes remains poorly understood. Here we examined genes proteins involved in oxidation lipogenesis 14-week-old leptin-deficient Ob/Ob mice, a commonly studied model obesity steatosis. Obese mice had increased fasting glucose, insulin, calculated HOMA-IR as compared with lean wild-type (WT) mice. also greater weights,...
Perilipin A is the most abundant phosphoprotein on adipocyte lipid droplets and essential for storage lipolysis. null mice exhibit diminished adipose tissue, elevated basal lipolysis, reduced catecholamine-stimulated increased insulin resistance. To understand physiological consequences of perilipin expression in vivo, we generated transgenic that overexpressed either human or mouse using adipocyte-specific aP2 promoter/enhancer. Phenotypes female wild-type were characterized chow high-fat...
SUMMARY Dysregulation of immune cells and/or altered inflammatory signaling have been implicated with reproductive dysfunction. Physiological changes leading to perturbations in the profile pro‐inflammatory cytokines or around female tissue could potentially profound effects on ovarian function. Obesity is associated chronic low‐grade inflammation due, part, increased cell infiltration and visceral adipose depots. This study investigated impact diet‐induced obesity peri‐ovarian mRNA...
Expansion of intra-abdominal adipose tissue and the accompanying inflammatory response has been put forward as a unifying link between obesity development chronic diseases. However, an apparent sexual dimorphism exists disease risk due to differences in distribution abundance tissue. A range experimental protocols have employed demonstrate role estrogen regulating health benefits; however, most studies are confounded by significant body weight adiposity. Therefore, purpose this study was...
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) secretion has been shown to respond directly carbohydrate consumption, with glucose, fructose, and sucrose all reported increase plasma levels of FGF21 in rodents humans. However, consumption also results insulin.The aim this study was examine the combined independent effects hyperglycemia hyperinsulinemia on total bioactive postprandial period humans, determine whether effect is attenuated conditions altered insulin action.Circulating insulin, FGF21,...
To investigate the effects of LY2405319, an analogue fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), on glucose homeostasis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced insulin-deficient mice (STZ mice).Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J were administered a single intraperitoneal injection STZ (150 mg/kg). One week later, after confirmation hyperglycaemia, saline or LY2405319 (5 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously daily for 4 weeks. Changes homeostasis, energy metabolism and brown adipose tissue (BAT) function assessed.The...
Obesity-associated low-grade systemic inflammation resulting from increased adipose mass is strongly related to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes as well other metabolic complications. Recent studies have demonstrated that obese state can be improved by ablating certain inflammatory signaling pathways. Tumor progression locus (TPL2), a kinase integrates signals Toll receptors, cytokine inhibitor κ-B kinase-β an important regulator We used TPL2 knockout (KO) mice...