Multiple studies have reported an association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and fracture. However, the causality of this is questionable, as there not a well defined mechanism action, nor evidence effect on PPIs areal bone mineral density (aBMD) using dual photon X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). It possible that may induce changes in structure which would predispose to fracture absence aBMD. We used three-dimensional quantitative computed tomography (3D-QCT) imaging determine if...

Colorectal cancer is the third most common worldwide and arises secondary to progressive accumulation of genetic epigenetic alterations in normal colon cells, which results a polyp-to-cancer progression sequence. It known that individuals with personal history adenomas or are at increased risk for metachronous neoplasms. One explanation this could be field cancerization, phenomenon histologically tissue an organ primed undergo transformation. Epigenetic appear promising markers...

Voigt and Reuss models do not make any assumption regarding composite microstructure, but they are only able to estimate bounds rather than values of properties. To enable the predict elastic properties particulate composites, we isotropized based on equivalence normal shear strain energy respectively in a representative volume element, derived set simple uncoupled equations for prediction Young's modulus modulus. Composite bulk Poisson's ratio can then be determined either by elasticity...

Recently, deep learning has greatly promoted the development of detection methods for ship targets in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. However, existing networks are mostly based on large-scale models and high-cost computations, which require high-performance computing equipment to realize real-time processing limit their hardware transplantation onboard platforms. To address this problem, a lightweight network via YOLOX-s is proposed paper. Firstly, we remove computationally heavy...

The Poisson effect, measured by the Poisson's ratio, plays an important role in regulation of elastic properties composite materials, but it is not considered conventional Voigt (iso-strain) and Reuss (iso-stress) formulas, which explains why formulas are inaccurate even if iso-strain or iso-stress conditions satisfied. To consider we derived a set new based on governing equations elasticity. obtained show greater mathematical complexity. further understand how effect influences properties,...

Achieving successful bone regeneration necessitates the design of scaffolds that meet diverse biological and mechanical requirements, often leading to conflicts in parameters. A key conflict arises between scaffold porosity stiffness. Increasing facilitates cell infiltration nutrient exchange, promoting regeneration. However, higher compromises stiffness, which is crucial for providing structural support defective region. Furthermore, appropriate stiffness preventing stress shielding....

SUMMARY Finite element (FE) modeling based on a patient's hip dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) image is promising tool for more accurately assessing fracture risk, as it able to comprehensively consider effects from all the mechanical parameters affecting fracture. However, number of factors influence precision (also known repeatability or reproducibility) DXA‐based FE procedure, example, subject positioning in DXA scanning. As procedure required have adequately high clinical...

To more accurately assess osteoporotic hip fracture risk in a specific patient, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-based finite element model was constructed from the patient’s femur DXA image. The outermost contour of bone segmented image used to generate mesh. Bone mechanical properties, such as Young’s modulus, are correlated with areal mineral density (BMD) captured A quasi-static loading condition representing sideway fall applied model. Three indices were introduced and expressed...

The microstructure-based finite element modeling (MB-FEM) of material representative volume (RVE) is a widely used tool in the characterization and design various composites. However, MB-FEM has number deficiencies, e.g., time-consuming generation workable geometric model, challenge achieving high volume-fractions inclusions, poor quality mesh. In this paper, we first demonstrate that for particulate composites particle inclusions have homogeneous distribution random orientation, if ratio...

Accurate assessment of hip fracture risk is very important to prevent and monitor the effect a treatment. A subject-specific QCT-based finite element model was constructed assess at critical locations femur during single-leg stance sideways fall. The aim this study improve prediction by introducing novel failure criterion more accurately describe bone mechanism. Hip index defined using cross-section strain energy, which able integrate information stresses, strains, material properties...

The impact force applied to the greater trochanter during sideways fall is a critical factor for determining whether or not hip fracture would occur. However, subject-dependent as it related subject’s anthropometric parameters and kinematic variables in fall. It cannot be accurately predicted by currently available dynamics models. We developed validated method constructing subject-specific models more predict force. required model were obtained from whole body DXA (dual energy X-ray...

Abstract An investigation of dynamic behaviors a sandwich plate containing an imperfect two dimensional functionally graded (2D-FG) core surrounded by faces on two-parameter elastic foundation and subjected to moving load is carried out in this paper. The present solid composed porous 2D-FG covered homogenous layers. It assumed that the middle layer has micro voids dispersed uniformly unevenly through thickness. fundamental equations are governed within framework first-order-shear...

Deep learning methods have greatly promoted the ship detection performance in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. However, due to different imaging mechanisms and target characteristics, detecting ships SAR imagery precisely efficiently is still challenging. To address this issue, a streamlined rotational network (SRSD-Net) proposed letter. First, we construct lightweight using one-level feature receptive field block (RFB) extract features with rich context. Second, simple effective...

The mechanism of cerebrospinal fluid in mitigating closed head injuries caused by mild impacts was investigated finite-element modeling. Three biomechanical models were constructed. In these models, considered as a soft solid material, an inviscid without intracranial pressure, and with normal respectively, while other conditions such the mesh, impact, boundary kept same. recently developed nearest nodes method adopted to deal large deformations brain tissue. Results obtained from numerical...