Abstract: Dyke thickness datasets offer new insights into the detailed 3D geometry of dyke swarms and an exceptional opportunity to evaluate theoretical emplacement models. The Swartruggens kimberlite swarm extends over 7 km along strike intrudes a dolerite, quartzite, shale andesitic lava succession. Star dykes cut shales sandstones, intersect large dolerite sill extend 15 strike. Both comprise anastomosing en echelon segments, each several hundred metres long. In total 1532 measurements...

Volcanic eruptions are fed by plumbing systems that transport magma from its source to the surface, mostly dykes. Here we present laboratory experiments model dyke ascent eruption using a tank filled with crust analogue (gelatine, which is transparent and elastic) injected below (dyed water). This novel experimental setup allows, for first time, simultaneous measurement of fluid flow, sub-surface surface deformation during ascent. During injection, penny-shaped fluid-filled crack formed,...

Research Article| July 01, 2012 The shapes of dikes: Evidence for the influence cooling and inelastic deformation Katherine A. Daniels; Daniels † 1School Earth Sciences, University Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK †E-mail: k.a.daniels@bristol.ac.uk Search other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Janine L. Kavanagh; Kavanagh 2School Geosciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Wellington Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia Thierry Menand; Menand...

Analogue experiments using gelatine were carried out to investigate the role of mechanical properties rock layers and their bonded interfaces on formation propagation magma-filled fractures in crust. Water was injected at controlled flux through base a clear-Perspex tank into superposed variably solidified gelatine. Experimental dykes sills formed, as well dyke-sill hybrid structures where ascending dyke crosses interface between but also intrudes it form sill. Stress evolution visualised...

Supercritical geothermal systems offer significant potential for enhanced energy production to support the transition due their high enthalpies and unique properties of supercritical fluids. However, development utilisation such promising resources are still in infancy face scientific uncertainties, financial environmental risks, engineering challenges. hydrothermal reservoirs inherently associated with proximity magmatic plumbing below them. it is not yet well understood extent which...

Volcanic plumbing systems comprise a complex series of interconnected intrusions (sills and dykes), which store transport magma laterally vertically. The movement within these can be inferred using geophysical geodetic techniques. Surface displacement measurements are one the most common tools used to monitor state volcanoes, where ground motion related inflation deflation reservoirs at depth therefore record potential precursors that help forecast an eruptive event. Satellite-based...

Sill emplacement is fundamental to the development of volcanic plumbing systems and their impact on hazard assessments, geothermal heat potential estimates critical hydrothermal ore deposit models. Accurate interpretations geological, magnetic, petrographic evidence magma flow provides essential independent insights into physics sill but are rarely considered in combination with one-another. We integrate multiscale observations Whin Sill, located north England, discern between syn-...

Magma is transported through the Earth’s crust via thin fractures called dykes that cut layers of bedrock towards surface to feed volcanic eruptions. Dyke propagation a multiphase problem where fluid dynamics control velocities and solid mechanics determine dyke pathways. Numerical models are essential tools for understanding hidden processes magma transport interpreting geophysical geodetic signals (e.g. earthquakes deformations) released during propagation. The complex physical...

Abstract Multiple magmas residing in plumbing systems that feed fissure eruptions can physically and chemically interact mix during storage, transport, eruption. The extent success of such mixing ultimately control the physical properties (e.g. density viscosity) magma, eruptive conditions, thus associated hazards. Analogue experimental studies have previously investigated magma interactions typically with pipe-like or chamber-like geometries (i.e. cylindrical cuboidal respectively)...

Abstract The viscosity of magma has a first‐order control on the explosivity and hazards volcanic eruption, detection diking within subsurface may indicate an eruption is imminent. As approaches surface it highly likely will have non‐Newtonian shear‐thinning rheology (apparent decreases as shear rate increases), yet most dike models assume simple Newtonian fluid. Here we use laser light particle image velocimetry to flow scaled experimental hosting results show that internal dynamics in...

Research Article| September 01, 2007 Mechanically disrupted and chemically weakened zones in segmented dike systems cause vent localization: Evidence from kimberlite volcanic R.J. Brown; Brown 1Department of Earth Sciences, University Bristol, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar J. Kavanagh; Kavanagh R.S.J. Sparks; Sparks M. Tait; Tait 2De Beers Group Mining & Exploration, Venetia Mine, P.O. Box 668 Musina, Limpopo, Republic South...

Kimberlite rocks and deposits are the eruption products of volatile-rich, silica-poor ultrabasic magmas that originate as small-degree mantle melts at depths in excess 200 km. Many kimberlites emplaced subsurface cylindrical-to-conical pipes associated sills dykes. Surficial volcanic kimberlite rare. Although have distinctive chemical physical properties, their styles, intensities durations similar to conventional volcanoes. Rates magma ascent transport through cratonic lithosphere informed...

Fluid-filled fracture propagation is a complex problem that ubiquitous in geosciences, from controlling magma beneath volcanoes to water transport glaciers. Using scaled analog experiments, we characterized the internal flow inside propagating flux-driven and determined relationship between evolution. Different conditions were created by varying viscosity flux (Q) of Newtonian fluid injected into an elastic solid. particle image velocimetry, measured velocity mapped across crack plane. We...

This work represents a detailed investigation into the phase and morphological behavior of synergistic dual-stimuli-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanogels, material that is considerable interest as matrix for in situ forming implants. Nanogels were synthesized with four different diameters (65, 160, 310, 450 nm) monodispersed particles. These samples then prepared characterized both dilute (0.1 wt %) concentrated dispersions (2–22 %). In form, all nanogels had same response to...