Concern for human vulnerability seems to be at the heart of bioethical inquiry, but concept is under-theorized in literature. The aim this article show why bioethics needs an adequately theorized and nuanced conception vulnerability. We first review approaches research ethics public health ethics, that literature associates with risk harm exploitation, limited capacity autonomy. identify some challenges emerging from literature: particular, how reconcile universal a context-sensitive...

Abstract Several foundational documents of bioethics mention the special obligation researchers have to vulnerable research participants. However, treatment vulnerability offered by these often relies on enumeration groups rather than an analysis features that make such vulnerable. Recent attempts in scholarly literature lend philosophical weight concept are Luna and Hurst. suggests is irreducibly contextual Institutional R eview B oards ( esearch E thics C ommittees) can only identify...

People who are paid to provide basic care for others frequently undervalued, exploited and expected reach often unrealistic standards of care. I argue that appropriate social recognition, support fair pay people those disabled, frail aged, or suffering ill health impedes their capacity negotiate daily activities without support, depends on a reconsideration the paradigm citizen moral agent. by drawing ideas human vulnerability dependency as central our personhood, more realistic conception...

Abstract There has been a surge in mass media reports extolling the potential for using three‐dimensional printing of biomaterials (3D bioprinting) to treat wide range clinical conditions. Given that is recognized as one most important sources health and medical information general public, especially prospective patients, we report discuss ethical consequences coverage 3D bioprinting media. First, illustrate how positive narratives similar biofabricated technology, namely Macchiarini...

By interviewing and administering questionnaires to 63 patients one five years after treatment for benzodiazepine dependence the long‐term success rate was examined together with factors associated outcome. Fifty‐four per cent of had permanently withdrawn from medication at follow‐up. Most those who were successful continued experience psychiatric symptoms discharge. Significantly more women than men managed withdraw medication. Outcome not related previous regimen, history or experiences...

Political theorists have begun to re-examine claims by indigenous peoples lands which were expropriated in the course of sixteenth-eighteenth century European expansionism. In Australia, these issues captured public attention as they emerged two central High Court cases: Mabo (1992) and Wik (1996), recognize pre-existing common law rights native title held people prior contact and, some cases, continue be present day. The theoretical significance Australian cases is examined links drawn out...

This paper investigates the recent public policy processes in Australia with regard to embryo research, including work of legislative review committee, parliamentary debates, and production National Health Medical Research Council guidelines for research. We examine various mechanisms used during each these policymaking stages engage publics, procedures balancing conflicting values, which were particularly evident given strong promotion biotechnology investment by government side vigorous...

ABSTRACT In establishing National Bioethics Organisations (NBOs), liberal democracies seek to acknowledge the diversity of strongly held ethical positions and imperative engage in public debate about important bioethical decisions. NBOs are typically given a range responsibilities, including contributing stimulating debate; providing expert opinion on relevant issues for policy deliberations; developing policy. The state is now found have an interest areas previously thought be matter...

Human brain organoids provide a remarkable opportunity to model prenatal human biology in vitro by recapitulating features of utero molecular, cellular and systems biology. An ethical concern peculiar is whether they are or could become capable supporting sentience through the experience pain pleasure and/or consciousness, including higher cognitive abilities such as self-awareness. Identifying presence these traits complicated several factors, beginning with consciousness—which highly...

Journal Article Psychological Effects of Retirement Housing Get access Susan R. Sherman, Ph.D., Ph.D. Assistant Professor Public Health Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wiley P. Mangum, Jr., M.A., M.A. Research Behavioral Scientist Suzannez Dodds, B.A., B.A. Statistician Rosabelle Walkley, Associate Daniel M. Wilner, Sciences 2Public Health, at the School University CaliforniaLos Angeles The Gerontologist, Volume 8, Issue 3_Part_1, Autumn 1968,...

ABSTRACT We argue that in societies like our own the prevailing view parents have both special responsibilities for and rights over their children fails to give a proper understanding of autonomy children. It is claim there logical priority separable interests child its fulfilment exercise However, we believe acknowledging as distinct locus appropriate weight can still be given parental autonomy. In particular, since raising long‐term commitment which plays central role life‐plans many...

Surrogacy contracts pose a sufficiently great number of serious risks to personal autonomy justify their impermissability. These risks, such as the surrogate mother's loss control over her body and daily activities during pregnancy, powerlessness having give up child whom one may have formed deep attachment, normal dangers seriously undercut ability make fully informed free choice become mother. The social circumstances mothers prerequisites dispositional are analyzed, is attitude toward...

First-in-human phase 1 trials challenge the duty to protect patients from harm, mostly because they involve exposing unknown and unpredictable risk, with no benefit be derived by the...