A5040300979- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Voice and Speech Disorders
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Urban and Rural Development Challenges
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2014-2025
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2022-2024
China Population and Development Research Center
2016-2023
IntraHealth International
2018
University of North Carolina Health Care
2017
Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
2017
Population Council
2011
<h3>Importance</h3> Worldwide, preterm birth (PTB) is the single largest cause of deaths in perinatal and neonatal period associated with increased morbidity young children. The PTB multifactorial, development generalizable biological models may enable early detection guide therapeutic studies. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate ability transcriptomics proteomics profiling plasma metabolomics analysis urine to identify measurements PTB. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This...
Universal access to health care requires service availability and accessibility for those most in need of maternal child services. Women often bypass facilities closest home due poor quality. Few studies have directly linked individuals where they sought services examined the role distance quality on this facility choice. Using endline data from a longitudinal survey sample women five cities Kenya, we examine selection using delivery, facility-based contraceptives, A public private offering...
Background Globally, preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal death with estimated prevalence and associated mortality highest in low- middle-income countries (LMICs). Accurate identification infants important at individual level for appropriate clinical intervention as well population informed policy decisions resource allocation. As early prenatal ultrasound commonly not available these settings, gestational age (GA) often using newborn assessment birth. This approach assumes last...
Hypospadias is a relatively common birth defect affecting the male urinary tract. It has been suggested that exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals might increase risk of hypospadias by interrupting normal urethral development. Using data from National Birth Defects Prevention Study, population-based case-control study, we considered role maternal atrazine, widely used herbicide and potential disruptor, via drinking water in etiology 2nd 3rd degree hypospadias. We on 343 cases 1,422...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background: </ns4:bold>Sub-Saharan Africa bears a disproportionate burden of preterm birth and other adverse outcomes. A better understanding the demographic, clinical, biologic underpinnings these outcomes is urgently needed to plan interventions inform new discovery. </ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods: </ns4:bold>The Zambian Preterm Birth Prevention Study (ZAPPS) prospective observational cohort established at Women Newborn Hospital (WNH) in Lusaka, Zambia. We recruit...
ABSTRACT Purpose Concomitant use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), hormonal contraception, and isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) for tuberculosis prevention is common among women reproductive age who are living with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa. We estimated the effect isoniazid on 6‐month pregnancy risk Malawian Family Planning Antiretroviral Therapy (FP‐ART) prospective cohort study, overall subgroups defined by ART regimen type contraceptive method. Methods The analytic sample included...
Objective: We compared the contraceptive effectiveness of typical-use LNG implant and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injectable during efavirenz use. Design: conducted a prospective cohort study women living with HIV (WLHIV) on efavirenz-containing antiretroviral treatment in Lilongwe, Malawi. Eligible participants were 18–40 years age initiating or DMPA desire to prevent pregnancy for 4+ years. Study visits urine testing occurred at enrollment, week 4, every 24 weeks up 192....
Abstract Background This study investigates the impact of tubewell user density on cholera and shigellosis events in Matlab, Bangladesh between 2002 2004. Household-level demographic, health, water infrastructure data were incorporated into a local geographic information systems (GIS) database. Geographically-weighted regression (GWR) models constructed to identify spatial variation relationships across area. Zero-inflated negative binomial run simultaneously measure likelihood increased...
ObjectivesThe Urban Health Initiative (UHI) was initiated in 2009 with the goal of increasing family planning (FP) use among poor urban areas Uttar Pradesh, India. The Measurement, Learning & Evaluation project (MLE) tasked rigorous impact evaluation UHI. This paper presents findings UHI program.Study designThe MLE design includes a longitudinal sample women and health facilities baseline (2010) endline (2014) data collection six cities At baseline, samples representative each city were...
Background Hypospadias is a relatively common birth defect affecting the male urinary tract. We explored etiology of hypospadias by examining its spatial distribution in North Carolina and clustering residuals from individual environmental risk factors. Methods used data collected Birth Defects Monitoring Program 2003 to 2005 estimate local Moran's I statistics identify geographic overall severe hypospadias, using 995 cases 16,013 controls. conducted logistic regression on standardized...
Sub-Saharan Africa bears a disproportionate burden of preterm birth and other adverse outcomes. A better understanding the demographic, clinical, biologic underpinnings these outcomes is urgently needed to plan interventions inform new discovery.
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold> Sub-Saharan Africa bears a disproportionate burden of preterm birth and other adverse outcomes. Not only is the background rate higher than in North America Europe, but many facilities lack essential equipment personnel resources to care for neonates. A better understanding demographic, clinical, biologic underpinnings urgently needed plan interventions inform new discovery. </ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold> The Zambian Preterm Birth...
Background: Women who initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy are reported to have lower risk of preterm birth compared with those enter care already receiving ART. We hypothesize this association can be largely attributed selection bias. Methods: simulated a cohort 1000 preconceptional, HIV-infected women, where half were randomly allocated receive immediate ART and delay until their presentation for care. Gestational age at delivery was drawn from population data unrelated...
The 2012 London Summit on Family Planning set ambitious goals to enable 120 million more women and adolescent girls use modern contraceptives by 2020. Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (URHI) was a Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation funded program designed help contribute these in urban areas India, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal. URHI implemented range of country-specific demand supply side interventions, with interventions generally focused improved service quality, provider training, outreach...
Each year, an estimated 15 million babies are born preterm, a global burden borne disproportionately by families in lower-income countries. Maternal HIV infection increases woman's risk of delivering prematurely, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) may compound this risk. While prenatal progesterone prophylaxis prevents preterm birth among some high-risk women, it is unknown whether HIV-infected women could benefit from therapy. We studying the efficacy supplementation to reduce pregnant with...
Our objective was to examine the relationship between estimated maternal exposure pesticides in public drinking water and risk of congenital heart defects (CHD). We used mixed-effects logistic regression analyze data from 18,291 nonsyndromic cases with Texas Birth Defects Registry 4414 randomly-selected controls delivered 1999 through 2005. Water district-level pesticide by linking each residential address corresponding supply district’s measured atrazine levels. repeated analyses among...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background</ns4:bold>: Few cohort studies of pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa use rigorous gestational age dating and clinical phenotyping. As a result, incidence risk factors adverse birth outcomes are inadequately characterized.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods</ns4:bold>: The Zambian Preterm Birth Prevention Study (ZAPPS) is prospective observational established to investigate at referral hospital urban Lusaka. This report describes ZAPPS phase I, enrolled August 2015...
We investigated whether deep tube wells installed to provide arsenic-free groundwater in rural Bangladesh have the added benefit of reducing childhood diarrheal disease incidence.We recorded cases diarrhea children younger than 5 years 142 villages Matlab, Bangladesh, during monthly community health surveys 2005 and 2006. surveyed location depth 12,018 integrated these data with other a geographic information system. fit longitudinal logistic regression model measure relationship between...