To improve the control performance of servo systems under time-varying disturbances, a nonsingular terminal super twisting sliding mode (NTSTC) method based on reduced-order generalized proportional-integral observer is proposed. The combines third-order super-twisting and non-singular fast to form an improved controller, while designed accurately estimate unknown part perturbation in real time feed-forward compensation for NTSTC. anti-interference ability robustness motor system are...

Abstract Objective The vital role played by primary caregivers in caring for cancer patients is well‐recognized, but the caregiver burden and impact on family functioning to caregivers’ mental health poorly understood. This study examined prospective reciprocal relationships between functioning, burden, health. We aimed determine whether inferior heavy act as risk factors health, consequences of or both. Methods Participants were 187 patients. They completed questionnaires with standardized...

A novel temporal contrast filter (TCF)‐based method was developed to detect supersonic small infrared targets. The proposed hysteresis threshold‐based detection followed by the TCF can enhance accuracy of target position, robustness background clutter and velocity range moving targets compared with conventional variance filter‐based method.

Based on fuzzy adaptive and dynamic surface (FADS), an integrated guidance control (IGC) approach was proposed for large caliber naval gun guided projectile, which robust to target maneuver, canard characteristics, multiple constraints, such as impact angle, limited measurement of line sight (LOS) angle rate nonlinear saturation deflection. Initially, a strict feedback cascade model IGC in longitudinal plane established, extended state observer (ESO) designed estimate LOS uncertain...

Abstract The restrictions on the use of force at sea exist in different branches international law: law and environmental law, mainly applicable during peacetime, humanitarian (IHL), as times armed conflict. Different rules from these areas must be compared analyzed to determine common principles restricting for purposes protection. Taking into account particular problems protecting marine environment context force, should applied restrict means methods using detailed concepts approaches may...

Abstract A new dual‐motor servo steering system with improved reliability and safety is proposed. But, despite the advantages of proposed system, it strongly coupled, non‐linear multivariable, where biggest challenge lies in its tracking synchronization control. To improve control performance a strategy based on backstepping super‐twisting multi‐level differential coupling presented. First, parallel model established. Then, algorithms are integrated while adaptively optimizing key parameters...

Abstract Heat stabilizers are additives that used to stabilize the chemical and physical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) during high temperature processing use. It is able resist thermal degradation, prevent color change, maintain mechanical properties, eliminate acid gas (HCl). Organometallic salts, such as zinc stearate (ZnSt 2 ) calcium (CaSt ), commonly heat stabilizers. There not many reports on bio‐based The effectiveness a synthetic molecule, epoxidized isosorbide linolenate...

Abstract Graphene nanosheets (GS) were formed by the thermal‐expansion method. Large micropores about 1–2 nm produced, which might provide abundant anchor sites for fixing catalyst. Platinum nanoparticles (NPs) supported on exfoliated GS (Pt/GS) synthesized through an improved impregnation approach and mixture gas (5% H 2 in N ) reduction. SEM TEM images indicated simple clean method can effectively synthesize Pt with uniform dispersion small size (below 3 nm) 2D specific stratiform GS. The...

Mechanical system reliability analysis constitutes a primary research focus in the field of engineering. This study aims to address issue complex mechanical systems with intricate mechanisms and nonlinear equations that are challenging solve. To this end, we present optimization methodology merges response surface sensitivity methods. A comprehensive formation assessment is achieved by creating model fit state function solving parameters, followed an error determine system’s adjustment...

This paper details a solution of fusing combination features, Iterative Closest Point (ICP) and Monte Carlo algorithm, in order to solve the problem that mobile robot positioning is easy fail dynamic environment. Firstly, an ICP algorithm based on maximum common feature proposed provide more stable observation point information therefore avoids local extremes obtains accurate matching results. A novel proposal distribution then designed auxiliary particles are used, so particle sets...

In the internet of battlefield things, ammunition is becoming networked and intelligent, which depends on location information. Therefore, this paper focuses self-organized network collaborative localization munitions with an aerial three-dimensional (3D) highly-dynamic topographic structure under a satellite denied environment. As for munitions, measurement objectively incomplete due to degenerated interrupted link munitions. For reason, cluster-oriented method put forward in paper....

Testability is an important link between the reliability of guided projectile and maintenance support. This paper introducesthe modeling method multi-signal flow graphs. The structural characteristics control system navy are analyzed graphs model established. Finally failure-test correlation matrix given testability assessmented. results show that feasible effectiveand it can improve inherent products in design application projectile.

In the terminal guidance section of large caliber naval gun‐guided projectile while striking nearshore maneuvering target, an integrated and control (IGC) method based on adaptive fuzzy block dynamic surface sliding mode (AFCBDSM) was proposed with multiple constraints, including impact angle, limitations, limited measurement line sight (LOS) angle rate. The strict feedback cascade model rolling‐guided IGC in space constructed, extended state observer (ESO) used to estimate LOS rate...

Boron powder is an additive for metalized explosives with great application potential. To improve the energy release ability of boron powder, composites RDX and nano-boron (RDX@Nano-B) were prepared by spray-drying process, based on it designed (named PBX-B1). The detonation heat explosion pressure boron-containing PBX-B1 under vacuum air conditions measured analyzed internal test. On other hand, equilibrium explosive system after compared that formulation same composition PBX-B2). Results...

The adaptive algorithm of underwater target tracking has been presented in this thesis. Based on the range information induced by time-delay, equations state and measurement have established. According to thought attenuating memory, Sage-Husa statistics estimator is introduced algorithm. Then, discussed with Extended Kalman Filter. It showed Monte-Carlo simulation results that better performance. system practical effective.

This study describes the design and initial evaluation of a radar that detects tracks fast approaching target in short-range application. In some applications, tracking durations less than 1 s 3D accuracy few tens centimetres are required. To satisfy these requirements, interferometer is proposed to simultaneously detect track target. A frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) waveform chosen method separating clutter from valid signal developed obtain very precise range information....

Forward imaging radar using an UWB signal has been developed by many researchers. The image quality in this is not satisfactory because of the limitation aperture length. Proposed enhancement method a modified apodisation technique forward radar. An experiment carried out to validate proposed method. azimuth resolution and peak-to-sidelobe ratio are improved up about 11.7% 10 dB, respectively.

As a type of transmission actuator commonly used in mechanical structures, high-speed rotary mechanisms are widely the machinery, energy, civil engineering, and military industries. The main working part mechanism is end face, vibration characteristics face directly affect accuracy completeness whole mechanism. In terms performance, reflect degree change machine’s displacement. traditional displacement test method uses single contact sensor for measurement, but error system large. It also...

Achieving precise target localization for UAVs is a complex problem that often discussed. In order to achieve spatial of targets by and solve the problems premature convergence easy fall into local optimum in original dung beetle algorithm, an error handling method based on coordinate transformation airborne measurement system optimization with crisscross 3 Sigma Rule (CCDBO) proposed. Firstly, total standard deviation calculated integrating carrier position, attitude angle, pod azimuth,...