Abstract This study focused on testing the response of assimilation apparatus evergreen Pinaceae species to increasing levels oxidative stress simulated in manipulative experiments. Needles were collected from mature individuals Pinus mugo , cembra sylvestris Abies alba and Picea abies at foothill (FH) alpine treeline ecotone (ATE) High Tatras (Western Carpathians). The injury index (INX), quantified by modified electrolyte leakage (EL) method, indicated severe needle damage due exposure...

The changes in precipitation and temperature regimes brought on by the current climate change have influenced ecosystems globally. consequences of plant phenology been widely investigated during last few years. However, underlying causes timing autumn not fully clarified yet. Here, we focused onset (10%) leaf colouring—LCO—(Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) 92) European beech (Fagus sylvatica, L.) as an important native tree species growing throughout...

Monitoring plant phenology is one of the means detecting response vegetation to changing environmental conditions. One approach for study from local global scales apply satellite-based indices. We investigated potential phenological metrics moderate resolution remotely sensed data monitor altitudinal variations in phases European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Phenological were derived NDVI annual trajectories fitted with double sigmoid logistic function. Validation satellite-derived was...

Abstract This study aims to analyse the phenological dynamics of tree species in response changes climatic conditions over last two climate-normal periods (CLINO 1961−1990 and 1991−2020). We focused on main climax ( Quercus species, Fagus sylvatica L., Abies alba Mill., Picea abies [L.] Karst., Pinus mugo Turra) dominating eight altitudinal forest vegetation zones (FVZ) alluvial forests Western Carpathians adjacent lowlands Central Europe. The phases analysed this were first leaf (BBCH11)...

Abstract Climate warming is causing an increase in extreme hydrometeorological events most parts of the world. This phenomenon expected to continue and will affect frequency intensity precipitation events. Although bias correction regional climate model simulations has also been used assess changes extremes at daily longer time steps, trends series predicted have seldom considered. We present a novel technique that allows for correcting biases upper tails Generalized Extreme Value (GEV)...

In the current alteration of temperature and snow cover regimes, impacts winter climate have received considerably less attention than those vegetation period. this study, we present results demonstrating influence conditions on Mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra) communities in High Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians). The changes greenness 2000–2020 were represented by inter-annual differences satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). characterized indices calculated from...

The onset and duration of phenological events are key indicators the ecological impact climate change on vegetation. During flowering time in spring, late frosts one most dangerous meteorological phenomena leading to damage crops. 1987–2016, we analyzed occurrence intensity during period around weather lore "Frost Ice Saints burns all flowers" short, "The Saints" their effects phenology hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC.). were identified at 0.05 m 2.0 above ground from temperature...

The high ambient ozone concentrations cause impairing effects on vegetation leading to plant injuries. potential uptake through open stomata can be quantified using stomatal conductance measurements under the local environmental conditions. This study compares obtained with a modified Jarvis formula adopted from Vegetation Manual of United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, and experimental field measurements’ data. was measured by portable photosynthesis gas exchange analyzer system...

Global warming affects the climatic conditions in mountain environments. The climate of alpine treeline ecotone (ATE) High Tatra Mts. is represented by unique conventional long-term climatological series from Skalnaté Pleso Observatory (49°11'21.9” N; 20°14'02.7” E). When considering two last normal periods (1961-1990 and 1991-2020), average air temperature ATE increased by  1.1 °C. In this work, we analysed altitudinal shift...

Mountain weather stations with continuous measurements maintained over decades serve as indispensable data sources for analysing climate dynamics. The transition from manual to automatic measuring systems may introduce inhomogeneities in these series, therefore, it be necessary adjust the data, particularly when considering a solely measurements.In our study, we analysed parallelly measured by (AWS) and station (MWS) at Skalnaté Pleso Observatory (1778 m a.s.l.) High Tatra...

In climatology, transitioning from conventional manual weather stations (MWS) to automatic (AWS) presents challenges in maintaining the homogeneity of long-term data series. At Skalnaté Pleso Observatory (1778 m a.s.l., High Tatras), meteorological measurements have been conducted since 1943 using same methods and devices at location. 2014, AWS Physicus was installed record parallelly with measurements. This study processed six years parallel (2017–2022) derive corrections for monthly...

We present scenarios of how frequency days with precipitation may change over the territory Slovakia by 2050 and 2080 in article. Climatic were created from three regional climate models EURO-CORDEX for pessimistic emission scenario RCP8.5. analysed occurrence number class intervals: 5 – 9.9 mm, 10 19.9 20 29.9 30 39.9 as well open intervals ≥ 40 mm. To correct systematic errors models, we used data (daily totals) national network rain gauges. The RCM corrected two steps: first terms...

Abstract Electrolyte leakage (EL) is the method commonly used to test cell membrane integrity of plants under stress conditions. The cells leaf may be damaged by ozone (O 3 ) entering intercellular space as an oxidative agent. modified EL was stability (OxS) plant tissue against O -induced stress. modification includes simulation artificial additional ozonation samples in laboratory chamber. This applied Pinus mugo Turra needle collected subalpine zone High Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians),...

Abstract This study is focused on the research of selected Pinus species exposed to high ozone concentrations in mountain environment. We noticed different values modelled doses (MOD) up-taken by Mountain pine ( mugo Turra) High Tatra Mts (SK–HTMts) and Swiss stone cembra L.) Alpes-Mercantour (FR–AlpMar) during growing season 2019. The MOD were obtained multiplicative DO3SE model, while we also tested a new approach based modification input data. Testing has shown that passive sampling may...

Abstract In this study we analyzed the effect of selected biometeorological variables on onset phenophases in three beech stands different climatic areas (warm, moderately warm and cold). We have focused two - leaf unfolding colouring. Timing both was identified visually using series MODIS satellite images. The data were collected during a 13-year period (2000-2012). For spring period, found significant dependence between temperature precipitation-based datasets those based visual remote...

The observatory at Skalnaté Pleso, Slovakia, serves as a facility for both astronomical and meteorological research in the High Tatra Mountains. It is located an altitude of 1778 meters a.s.l. on south-eastern slopes Lomnický Peak near Tatranská Lomnica municipality. was established 1943 by Dr. Antonín Bečvář, Czech astronomer meteorologist. His well-known works, famous sky charts (i.e. Atlas Coeli) photographs mountain clouds...