The understanding of possible nonthermal bio-effects has been an open question during the last five decades. In this paper, authors present a critical literature review models interaction mechanisms, together with overview all publications finding positive results for in vitro and vivo studies. systematic approach consisted pooling studies on basis endpoints biological systems, to identify specific plausible targets action electromagnetic fields related pathways. Such classification opens...

Microdosimetric models for biological cells have assumed increasing significance in the development of nanosecond pulsed electric field technology medical applications. In this paper, novel passive element circuits, able to take into account dielectric dispersion cell, are provided. The circuital analyses performed on a set input pulses classified accordance with current literature. Accurate data terms transmembrane potential obtained both time and frequency domains different cell models....

The aim of this paper is to propose a new method for the better assessment cytoplasm conductivity, which critical development electroporation protocols as well insight into fundamental mechanisms underlying electroporation. For goal, we use nanosecond electrical pulses bypass complication membrane polarization and single cell avoid application "mixing formulas." Further, by suspending in low-conductivity medium, it possible force most sensing current through more direct its conductivity....

A microdosimetric study of nanosecond pulsed electric fields, including dielectric dispersivity cell compartments, is proposed in our paper. quasi-static solution based on the Laplace equation was adapted to wideband signals and used address problem field estimation at cellular level. The coupled with an asymptotic electroporation model able predict membrane pore density. An initial result paper relevance dispersivity, providing evidence that both transmembrane potential density are strongly...

Abstract Objective: This study introduces the effective electric field (Eeff) as a novel observable for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) numerical dosimetry. Eeff represents component aligned with local orientation of cortical and white matter neuronal elements. To assess utility predictive measure TMS outcomes, we evaluated its correlation induced muscle responses compared it against conventional observables, including (E-)field magnitude, components normal tangential to surface....

The aim of this paper is to propose an approach for accurate and fast (real-time) computation the electric field induced inside whole brain volume during a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) procedure. numerical solution implements admittance method discretized realistic model derived from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Results are in good agreement with those obtained using commercial codes require much less computational time. An integration developed code neuronavigation tools...

In this paper a classification algorithm for Parkinson's Disease screening is proposed. Code executes the processing of specific voice signals recorded by healthy and ill subjects. direction future implementation validation in home telemonitoring system, has been built with objective to serve as tool precocious directing subjects high risk neurological diseases instrumental exams. fact, several disorders, such disease, motor impairments vocal apparatus arise earlier than postural ambulatory...

Abstract We have studied the non‐thermal effects of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on Ba 2+ currents ( $I_{{\rm Ba}^{2+ } }$ ) through voltage‐gated calcium channels (VGCC), recorded in primary cultures rat cortical neurons using patch‐clamp technique. To assess whether low‐level acute RF field exposure could modify amplitude and/or voltage‐dependence , Petri dishes containing cultured were exposed for 1–3 periods 90 s to 900 MHz RF‐EMF continuous wave (CW) or...

An intraoperative electrode (microelectrode) is used in the deep brain stimulation (DBS) technique to pinpoint target and choose best parameters for electrical stimulus. However, when replaced with chronic one (macroelectrode), observed effects do not always coincide predictions. To investigate causes of such discrepancies, a 3D model basal ganglia has been considered realistic models both electrodes have developed numerically solved. Results simulations electric potential (V) activating...

Abstract This study aims at quantifying the effect that using different skin conductivity values has on estimation of electric ( E )-field distribution induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and direct current (tDCS) in brain two anatomical models. The -field was calculated with numerical simulations inside MIDA Duke models, assigning to a value estimated from multi-layered model three taken literature. variations local tDCS up 70%. In TMS, minor differences, order 20%, were...

In order to study possible effects of microwave electromagnetic (EM) fields on neuronal activity, a real-time exposure system was designed and fabricated. The structure is suitable for electrophysiological recording in brain slices, widely used vitro methodology investigations function. EM features the were characterized both numerically experimentally. Results indicate that slightly radiating its field configuration produces minimum coupling with laboratory equipment. To determine device...

In order to investigate the biological effects of microwave electromagnetic (EM) fields as those emitted from mobile telecommunication equipment, a suitable exposure system has been designed. The is specific for real-time acquisition membrane ionic currents in cell, i.e., patch-clamp recordings. Both numerical and experimental characterizations are considered, terms EM field absorption rate (SAR) distribution Petri dish containing target. Results show good efficiency SAR induced sample by...

This study investigates the possibility of using exogenous noise to restore processing performances neuronal systems where endogenous is reduced due ageing or degenerative diseases. idea based on assumption, supported by theoretical studies, that has a positive role in signal detection and its reduction impairs system function. Results, obtained two-layers feedforward network, show onset Stochastic Resonance (SR) behavior, as long properly tailored filtered. The amount be furnished from...

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has revealed a convincing clinical efficacy in Parkinson's diseases and essential tremor. Unfortunately, to date no clear understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms been achieved. Characterization distribution electrical quantities inside target areas central nervous system is one fundamental step ahead. Starting from studies that so far addressed this issue, aim work quantify role some parameters, such as dimensions conducting domain boundary conditions, on...

In order to study possible biological effects of electromagnetic (EM) fields generated by Wi-Fi devices, an exposure system based on a Wire Patch Cell (WPC) has been designed, fabricated and fully characterized. The is suitable expose, in the whole band signal, cell monolayers plated bottom four 35-mm Petri dishes, filled with 2 or 3 mL medium. Results numerical experimental characterization indicate quite good efficiency values, acceptable homogeneity dose. Being open system, WPC needs...

We conducted an electromagnetic-thermal analysis of Petri dishes filled with different medium volumes under radio frequency exposure conditions the aim identifying linear and non-linear parameters that might explain contradictory results many in vitro bioelectromagnetic experiments. found power loss density temperature depend on shape, size, orientation exposed sample respect to direction incident energy, showing liquid acts as a receiving antenna. In addition, we investigated possibility...