Michael J. Lawler
A5073559003- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
- Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Quantum many-body systems
- Catalytic Alkyne Reactions
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions
- Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
2021-2025
University of Colorado Boulder
2021-2025
Creighton University
2025
University of Colorado System
2025
NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory
2021-2024
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2023-2024
NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
2024
Binghamton University
2023
Cornell University
2023
Harvard University Press
2023
Abstract About half of present-day cloud condensation nuclei originate from atmospheric nucleation, frequently appearing as a burst new particles near midday 1 . Atmospheric observations show that the growth rate often accelerates when diameter is between one and ten nanometres 2,3 In this critical size range, are most likely to be lost by coagulation with pre-existing 4 , thereby failing form typically 50 100 across. Sulfuric acid vapour involved in nucleation but too scarce explain...
Observations made in the CLOUD chamber at CERN illuminate atmospheric particle formation.
Atmospheric aerosol formation from biogenic vapors is strongly affected by air pollutants, like NO x , SO 2 and NH 3 .
Significance Aerosol particles can form and grow by gas-to-particle conversion eventually act as seeds for cloud droplets, influencing global climate. Volatile organic compounds emitted from plants are oxidized in the atmosphere, resulting products drive particle growth. We measure growth biogenic vapors with a well-controlled laboratory setup over wide range of tropospheric temperatures. While higher temperatures lead to increased reaction rates concentrations highly molecules, lower allow...
The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mass yields from NO3 oxidation of a series biogenic volatile compounds (BVOCs), consisting five monoterpenes and one sesquiterpene (α-pinene, β-pinene, Δ-3-carene, limonene, sabinene, β-caryophyllene), were investigated in continuous flow experiments 10 m3 indoor Teflon chamber. By making situ measurements the nitrate radical employing kinetics box model, we generate time-dependent yield curves as function reacted BVOC. SOA varied dramatically among...
Abstract. We report measurements of ambient amines and ammonia with a fast response chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) in southeastern US forest moderately polluted midwestern site during the summer. At site, mostly C3-amines (from pptv to tens pptv) (up 2 ppbv) were detected, they both showed temperature dependencies. Aerosol-phase measured thermal-desorption (TDCIMS) higher fraction evening cooler temperatures lower afternoon warmer temperatures, trend opposite gas-phase amines....
Abstract The growth of freshly formed aerosol particles can be the bottleneck in their survival to cloud condensation nuclei. It is therefore crucial understand how grow atmosphere. Insufficient experimental data has impeded a profound understanding nano-particle under atmospheric conditions. Here we study CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoors Droplets) chamber, starting from formation molecular clusters. We present measured rates at sub-3 nm sizes with different atmospherically relevant...
The American Chemical Society (ACS) Green Chemistry Institute (GCI) Pharmaceutical Roundtable conducted a study to elucidate the value of continuous processing, which had been defined as key research area for green engineering. In course defining business case individual cases were collected and evaluated determine specific drivers implement processing find success factors. magnitude timing effects relation principles chemistry investigated.
Abstract. Cl atoms in the marine atmosphere may significantly impact lifetimes of methane and other hydrocarbons. However, existing estimates atom levels air are based on indirect evidence. Here we present measurements precursors HOCl Cl2 boundary layer during June 2009 at Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory eastern tropical Atlantic. These first tropospheric HOCl. were low with open ocean back trajectories, maximum always below 60 10 ppt (pmol/mol), respectively. In trajectories originating...
NO x is important for particle growth as it can participate in HOM formation and alter the volatility distribution.
Abstract The majority of the aerosol particle number (condensation nuclei or CN) in marine boundary layer (MBL) consists sulfate and organic compounds that have been shown to provide a large fraction cloud condensation (CCN). Here we use submicron non‐refractory Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) filter measurements components particles measured during four North Atlantic Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) research cruises assess sources contributions for CCN concentrations MBL different seasons....
This study tests an ecological, relationship-based model of children's subjective well-being with 9- to 14-year-old children (n = 25,906) from 14 countries across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. Children completed the Children's Worlds survey, a self-report measure contextual indicators. Multilevel modeling was used predict (life satisfaction self-image) at two levels, child (age, gender, home context, family relationships, peer school teacher neighborhood quality),...
Large increases in the number of low earth orbit satellites are projected coming decades [L. Schulz, K.-H. Glassmeier, Adv. Space Res.67, 1002-1025 (2021)] with perhaps 50,000 additional by 2030 [GAO, constellations satellites: Mitigating environmental and other effects (2022)]. When spent rocket bodies defunct reenter atmosphere, they produce metal vapors that condense into aerosol particles descend stratosphere. So far, models spacecraft reentry have focused on understanding hazard...
The abundance and basicity of a stabilizing base have shown to be key factors in sulfuric acid driven atmospheric new-particle formation. However, since experiments indicate that low concentration ammonia enhances particle formation from dimethylamine, which is stronger base, there must additional affecting the efficiency. Using quantum chemistry, we provide molecular-level explanation for synergistic effects acid-dimethylamine-ammonia cluster Because capability form more intermolecular...
Abstract. The formation of secondary particles in the atmosphere accounts for more than half global cloud condensation nuclei. Experiments at CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber have underlined importance ions new particle formation, but quantifying their effect remains challenging. By using a novel instrument setup consisting two nanoparticle counters, one them equipped with an ion filter, we were able to further investigate ion-related mechanisms formation. In autumn...
The remote central Arctic during summertime has a pristine atmosphere with very low aerosol particle concentrations. As the region becomes increasingly ice-free summer, enhanced ocean-atmosphere fluxes of particles and precursor gases may therefore have impacts on climate. However, large knowledge gaps remain regarding sources physicochemical properties aerosols in this region. Here, we present insights into molecular composition semi-volatile components collected September 2018 MOCCHA...
Ultrafine particles (UFPs) dominate the particle number population in urban atmosphere and revealing their chemical composition is important. The thermal desorption ionization mass spectrometer (TDCIMS) can semicontinuously measure UFP at molecular level. We modified a TDCIMS deployed it Beijing. Radioactive materials for aerosol charging were replaced by soft X-ray ionizers so that be operated countries with tight regulations on radioactive materials. Protonated N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone ions...
Abstract The summertime high Arctic atmosphere is characterized by extremely low aerosol abundance, such that small natural inputs have a strong influence on cloud formation and surface temperature. physical sources the mechanisms responsible for development in this climate‐critical changing region are still uncertain. We report time‐resolved measurements of Aitken mode (∼20–60 nm diameter) composition during August–September 2018. During significant event, particles were composed...
This work presents an overview of a unique set surface ocean dimethylsulfide (DMS) measurements from four shipboard field campaigns conducted during the North Atlantic Aerosol and Marine Ecosystem Study (NAAMES) project. Variations in seawater DMS are discussed relation to biological physical observations. Results considered at range timescales (seasons days) spatial scales (regional sub-mesoscale). Elevated concentrations generally associated with greater productivity, although chlorophyll...
This study examines atmospheric reactive chlorine chemistry at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory in eastern tropical Atlantic. During May–June, 2007, Cl 2 levels ranged from below detection (∼2 ppt) to 30 ppt. Elevated was associated with high HNO 3 (40 120 polluted continental outflow transported marine boundary layer (MBL) site. Lower observed recently subsided air masses multiday free tropospheric oceanic trajectories and containing Saharan dust. Model simulations show that...
Abstract. The NERC UK SOLAS-funded Reactive Halogens in the Marine Boundary Layer (RHaMBLe) programme comprised three field experiments. This manuscript presents an overview of measurements made within two simultaneous remote experiments conducted tropical North Atlantic May and June 2007. Measurements were from mobile one ground-based platforms. heavily instrumented cruise D319 on RRS Discovery Lisbon, Portugal to São Vicente, Cape Verde back Falmouth, was used characterise spatial...
The bismuth-mediated two-component hemiacetal/oxa-conjugate addition of δ-trialkylsilyloxy and δ-hydroxy α,β-unsaturated aldehydes ketones with alkyl provides the syn-1,3-dioxanes in a highly efficient stereoselective manner. key advantages this protocol are its operational simplicity ability to directly access electron-withdrawing groups without recourse oxidation state adjustments.
Abstract. New-particle formation (NPF) is a significant source of aerosol particles into the atmosphere. However, these are initially too small to have climatic importance and must grow, primarily through net uptake low-volatility species, from diameters ∼ 1 30–100 nm in order potentially impact climate. There currently uncertainties physical chemical processes associated with growth freshly formed that lead aerosol-climate modeling. Four main pathways for new-particle been identified:...
We investigated the nucleation of sulfuric acid together with two bases (ammonia and dimethylamine), at CLOUD chamber CERN. The chemical composition positive, negative, neutral clusters was studied using three Atmospheric Pressure interface-Time Of Flight (APi-TOF) mass spectrometers: were operated in positive negative mode to detect ions, while third equipped a nitrate ion ionization source allowing detection clusters. Taking into account possible fragmentation that can happen during...
. This study examined indicators of rural children's subjective well-being and the prediction from person variables as well home, life, neighborhood, school, peer-group contexts. Seventh-grade children (Mage = 13 years, age range 12–14 years) in a Midwestern U.S. community (N 149) completed an adapted version international survey measuring ecological contexts childhood adolescence. Indicators (including life satisfaction, mental health, self-image) were significantly correlated with all peer...